Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany
| Ferdinand IV | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Grand Duke Ferdinand IV, in later life. | |||||
| Grand Duke of Tuscany | |||||
| Reign | 21 July 1859 – 22 March 1860 | ||||
| Predecessor | Leopold II | ||||
| Born |
10 June 1835 Florence, Grand Duchy of Tuscany | ||||
| Died |
January 17, 1908 (aged 72) Salzburg, Austria-Hungary | ||||
| Consort |
Princess Anna of Saxony Princess Alice of Parma | ||||
| Issue among others... |
Archduke Leopold Ferdinand Louise, Crown Princess of Saxony Archduke Josef Ferdinand Archduke Peter Ferdinand | ||||
| |||||
| House | Habsburg-Lorraine | ||||
| Father | Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany | ||||
| Mother | Princess Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies | ||||
| Religion | Roman Catholicism | ||||
Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany (Italian: Ferdinando IV, Granduca di Toscana;[1] 10 June 1835 – 17 January 1908) was the last Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1859 to 1860. The House of Habsburg-Lorraine continued to hold the title as pretenders until the end of World War I.
Biography
Born at Florence, he was the son of Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany and Princess Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies.
He and his family were forced to flee Florence on April 27, 1859, with the outbreak of a revolution inspired by the outbreak of a war by France and Sardinia-Piedmont against Austria as part of the unification of Italy. The family took refuge in Austria. After the end of the war, Leopold II abdicated on July 21, and Ferdinand succeeded him as Grand Duke. Ferdinand proved unable to return to Florence to claim his throne, and an elected Tuscan National Assembly formally deposed him only a month later, on August 16. Ferdinand still hoped to recover his throne, as both France and Austria had promised to recognize his rights to it in the Armistice of Villafranca. However, neither power was willing to take any steps to bring about his restoration. The Kingdom of Sardinia annexed Tuscany on March 22, 1860, ending Ferdinand's hopes to reclaim the throne.
Ferdinand spent the rest of his life in exile in Austria. He died there, in Salzburg, in 1908.
Family and children
He married twice and had the following children:
From his first marriage in Dresden on 24 November 1856 to Princess Anna of Saxony, (Dresden, 4 January 1836 - Naples, 10 February 1859), daughter of King John I of Saxony:
- Archduchess Maria Antonietta Leopoldina Annunziata Anna Amalia Giuseppa Giovanna Immacolata Tecla (Maria Antoinette Leopoldina Annunziata Anna Amalia Josepha Johanna Immaculata Thekla) (Florence, 10 January 1858 - Cannes, 13 April 1883). She became abbess of the Theresia Convent in the Hradschin in Prague.
- Stillborn daughter (born and died 1859)
From his second marriage in Frohsdorf on 11 January 1868 to Princess Alice "Alix" of Parma (Parma, 27 December 1849 - Schwertberg, 16 November 1935), daughter of Charles III of Parma:
- Archduke Leopold Ferdinand, Prince of Tuscany (1868–1935). He renounced his titles on 29 December 1902 and took the name Leopold Wölfling. He married thrice, without issue.
- Archduchess Luise, Princess of Tuscany (1870–1947)
- Archduke Josef Ferdinand, Prince of Tuscany (1872–1942). He married first Rosa Kaltenbrunner and, after divorcing her, he married second Gertrud Tomanek, by whom he had issue. Both marriages were morganatic.
- Archduke Peter Ferdinand, Prince of Tuscany (1874–1948). Married Princess Maria Cristina of Bourbon-Two Sicilies and had issue.
- Archduke Heinrich Ferdinand Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (1878–1969). Major General in the Austrian Army. Married morganatically to Maria Karoline Ludescher and had issue.
- Archduchess Anna Maria Theresia, Princess of Tuscany (1879–1961). Married Johannes, Prince of Hohenlohe-Bartenstein; their granddaughter married Count Hans Veit of Toerring-Jettenbach, son of Princess Elizabeth of Greece and Denmark.
- Archduchess Margareta, Princess of Tuscany (1881–1965)
- Archduchess Germana, Princess of Tuscany (1884–1955)
- Archduke Robert Ferdinand Salvator, Prince of Tuscany (1885–1895)
- Archduchess Agnes Maria, Princess of Tuscany (1891–1945)
Ancestry
See also
Notes
External links
- Genealogy of Ferdinand IV
- Grand Ducal House of Tuscany
- Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany, ThePeerage.com
| Ferdinand IV, Grand Duke of Tuscany Cadet branch of the House of Lorraine Born: 10 June 1835 Died: 17 January 1908 | ||
| Regnal titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Leopold II |
Grand Duke of Tuscany 1859-1860 |
The Tuscan National Assembly formally deposes the House of Habsurg-Lorraine |
| Titles in pretence | ||
| Loss of title State annexed |
— TITULAR — Grand Duke of Tuscany 1860–1908 |
Succeeded by Archduke Josef Ferdinand, Prince of Tuscany |