Fragaria × vescana
Fragaria × vescana | |
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Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
(unranked): | Angiosperms |
(unranked): | Eudicots |
(unranked): | Rosids |
Order: | Rosales |
Family: | Rosaceae |
Subfamily: | Rosoideae |
Genus: | Fragaria |
Species: | F. × vescana |
Fragaria × vescana is a hybrid strawberry cultivar that was created in an effort to combine the best traits of the garden strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa), which has large berries and vigorous plants, with the woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca), which has an exquisite flavour, but small berries.
This cross cannot take place naturally. Fragaria × ananassa has eight sets of chromosomes whereas Fragaria vesca has only two sets. Repeated attempts to cross these resulted in sterile offspring.
Researchers treated tissue from a Fragaria vesca plant with colchicine to create a mutant plant with four sets of chromosomes. This mutant was then crossed with a Fragaria × ananassa plant, and vigorous fertile offspring were obtained. The offspring were found to be decaploid, (having ten sets of chromosomes).
Fragaria × vescana is not yet commercially important, but remains under development. While the plants are vigorous like their F. × ananassa parents, and the berries have the excellent flavour of the F. vesca parents, the berries are still quite small.
F. × vescana cultivars
The following decaploid strawberries were released by the Swedish breeding program at Balsgård:
- 'Annelie' (1977)
- 'Sara' (1988) — 'Annelie' × [('Sparkle' × F. vesca 4×) open pollinated]
- 'Rebecka' (1998) — ('Fern' × F. vesca 4×) × F. × ananassa F861502
German F. × vescana cultivars:
- 'Spadeka' (1977)
- 'Florika' (1989) — ('Sparkle' × F. vesca 'Semperflorens' 4x) × 'Klettererdbeere Hummi'
References
Bauer, A. 1993. Progress in breeding decaploid Fragaria × vescana. Acta Hort. (ISHS) 348: 60-64