Fronting (phonetics)

Main article: Advanced and retracted

Sound change and alternation
Metathesis Quantitative metathesis
Lenition Consonant gradation Consonant voicing and devoicing Assibilation L-vocalization Debuccalization
Fortition
Epenthesis Prothesis Paragoge Unpacking Vowel breaking
Elision Apheresis Syncope Apocope Haplology Cluster reduction
Cheshirization Compensatory lengthening Nasalization Tonogenesis Floating tone
Assimilation Fusion Coarticulation Palatalization Velarization Labialization Final devoicing Metaphony (vowel harmony, umlaut) Consonant harmony
Dissimilation
Sandhi Liaison, linking R Consonant mutation Tone sandhi Hiatus Synalepha Elision Crasis Synaeresis and diaeresis Synizesis
Other types Clipping Fronting Raising Iotacism Lambdacism Relaxed pronunciation Rhotacism Rhinoglottophilia Sulcalization Shm-reduplication

In phonology, fronting is a sound change in which a vowel or consonant becomes fronted, advanced or pronounced farther to the front of the vocal tract than some reference point. Fronting may be triggered by a nearby sound, in which case it is a form of assimilation, or may occur on its own. In general, a front vowel is pronouned in the front of the vocal tract.

In i-mutation and Germanic umlaut, a back vowel is fronted because of a following /i/ or /j/. This is assimilation.

In many dialects of English, the vowel /uː/ is fronted to [u̟ː] or [ʉː]. This sound change also occurred in many dialects of Norwegian and Standard Swedish, but not in Danish.

In the Attic and Ionic dialects of Ancient Greek, Proto-Greek close back /u uː/ were fronted to /y yː/. This change occurred in all cases and was not triggered by a nearby front consonant or vowel.

In Old English and Old Frisian, the back vowels /ɑ ɑː/ were fronted to /æ æː/ in certain cases. For more information, see Phonological history of Old English §§ First a-fronting and Second a-fronting.

Palatalization frequently involves fronting.

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