Fujian Province, Republic of China

Fujian Province 福建省
Streamlined Province
The parts of Fujian province (depicted in red) which are still in ROC's control.
Country	Republic of China
Split of Fukien	August 17, 1949
Streamlined	July 16, 1956
Demilitarized	November 7, 1992
Provincial capital	Fuzhou (1921-1949) Kinmen County (Jincheng Township) (1949-1956) Taipei County (Xindian City) (1956-1996) Kinmen County (Jincheng Township) (1996-)
Government
• Governor	Chang Ching-sen
Area
• Total	180.4560 km^2 (69.6745 sq mi)
Population (2014)
• Total	133,456
• Density	740/km^2 (1,900/sq mi)
Demonym(s)	Kinmenese, Matsunese
Time zone	Asia/Taipei (UTC+8)
Postal code	209–212, 890–896
Area code(s)	(0)82, (0)826, (0)836
ISO 3166 code	TW
Counties	2
Website	www.fkpg.gov.tw

Fujian Province
Chinese	福建省
Postal	Fukien
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Fújiàn Shěng Bopomofo ㄈㄨˊ ㄐㄧㄢˋ ㄕㄥˇ Gwoyeu Romatzyh Fwujiann sheeng Wade–Giles Fu²-chien⁴ Sheng³ Tongyong Pinyin Fújiàn Shěng Yale Romanization Fújyàn Shěng MPS2 Fújiàn Shěng Hakka Romanization Fuk-kien Sén Southern Min Hokkien POJ Hok-kiàn Séng Tâi-lô Hok-kiàn Síng Eastern Min Fuzhou BUC Hók-gióng Sēng

Fujian Province, formerly romanized as Fukien Province (Chinese: 福建省; pinyin: Fújiàn Shěng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hok-kiàn-séng, see other names below), is a streamlined province of the Republic of China (ROC). It includes the small archipelagos of Kinmen (Quemoy) and Matsu Islands off the southeast coast of the People's Republic of China (PRC). The seat of the provincial government is Jincheng Township of Kinmen County.

The current Fujian Province under ROC control was once part of a larger Fujian Province, which consisted of a mainland portion and some islands. After the Chinese Civil War of 1949, the majority of the historical province became Fujian, People's Republic of China, while the remaining islands remained under ROC control, which compose 0.5% of ROC's territories.

History

During the Chinese Civil War, the ROC lost control of mainland China, including most of Fujian province, and was forced to relocate to Taiwan, while the victorious Chinese Communist forces established the PRC in 1949, subsequently the capital of Fujian was also moved from Foochow to Jincheng. In the Battle of Guningtou, however, ROC forces were able to defend the island of Quemoy (Kinmen) just off the coast of Fujian from communist attack. As a result, the ROC has been able to hold on to a number of offshore islands of Fujian, and has continued to maintain a separate Fujian Provincial Government to govern these islands, parallel to the province of Fujian in mainland China.

In 1956, due to heightened potential for military conflict with the PRC, the ROC central government moved the Fujian provincial government out of Fujian to within Taiwan Province in Xindian (now part of New Taipei), and the islands were placed under an extraordinarily tight military administration due to their extreme proximity to mainland China. This was an unusual situation where the government of a province was located and operating in a different province. With the easing of cross-strait relations between the PRC and ROC and the democratization of the ROC in the 1990s, the islands were returned to civilian government in 1992. On January 15, 1996, the provincial government moved back to Kinmen, on Fujian soil.^[1]

Recently, the ROC has significantly diluted the powers of the two provinces it governs, namely Taiwan and Fujian. Most of the authority at the Fujian province level has been delegated to the two county governments of Kinmen and Lienchiang.

Subdivisions

Fujian province comprises two counties: Kinmen County and Lienchiang County. These islands have a total area of 182.66 km² and a total population of 71,000 (2001).

The following are the islands of Fujian under the administration of the ROC, given by county:

Kinmen County (金門縣)	Lienchiang County (連江縣)
Kinmen (金門島) Lesser Kinmen (小金門島) Wuqiu Islands (烏坵嶼) Daqiu (大坵) Xiaoqiu (小坵) Dongding (東碇) Dadan (大擔) and Erdan (二擔)	Matsu Islands (馬祖列島) Nangan (南竿島) Beigan (北竿島) Juguang (莒光列島) called Baiquan Islands (白犬列岛) by the PRC Dongyin (東引島) and Xiyin (西引島) Minor islands: Liang (亮島), Gaodeng (高登),

The PRC claims Kinmen as Jinmen County, Quanzhou, Fujian; Matsu Islands as Mazu Township, Lianjiang County, Fuzhou, Fujian.

Government

Fujian Provincial Government

A Fujian provincial branch government office building, in Shuitou Village, Jincheng Township, Kinmen

List of Chairpersons

№	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of Office		Political Party
1		Yang Shu-chuang[2] 楊樹莊 Yáng Shùzhuāng (1882–1934)	1 May 1927	7 December 1932	Kuomintang
			Concurrently held position as Minister of the Navy.
—		Chen Nai-yuan 陳乃元 Chén Nǎiyuán	5 February 1929	6 January 1930	Kuomintang
			As acting; head of Provincial Civil Affairs Department.
—		Fang Sheng-tao 方聲濤 Fāng Shēngtāo (1885–1934)	6 January 1930	7 December 1932	Kuomintang
			As acting; head of Provincial Public Security Department.
2		Chiang Kuang-nai[2] 蔣光鼐 Jiǎng Guāngnài (1888-1967)	7 December 1932	20 December 1933	Kuomintang
3		Chen Yi 陳儀 Chén Yí (1883-1950)	12 January 1934	28 August 1941	Kuomintang
4		Liu Chien-hsü[2] 劉建緒 Liú Jiànxù (1892-1978)	28 August 1941	16 September 1948	Kuomintang
5		Li Liang-jung 李良榮 Lǐ Liángróng (1906-1967)	16 September 1948	20 January 1949	Kuomintang
6		Chu Shao-ling[2] 朱紹良 Zhū Shàoliáang (1891-1963)	20 January 1949	4 October 1949	Kuomintang
—		Fang Chih[3] 方治 Fāng Zhì (1895–1989)	18 August 1949	30 September 1949	Kuomintang
			As acting; Member of the National Assembly.
—		Huang Chin-tao 黃金濤 Huáng Jīntāo (1888–1957)	30 September 1949	23 November 1949	Kuomintang
			As acting; head of Provincial Public Works Department.

After Relocation to Kinmen

№	Portrait	Name (Birth–Death)	Term of Office		Political Party
7		Hu Lien 胡璉 Hú Liǎn (1907–1977)	23 November 1949	1 February 1955	Kuomintang
			Concurrently held position as Commander of the Kinmen Defense Command. Provincial Government relocated to Xindian, Taipei County, Taiwan on 4 December 1949.
8		Tai Chung-yu 戴仲玉 Dài Zhòngyù (1910–1986)	1 February 1955	21 May 1986	Kuomintang
			Longest serving chairperson. Died in office.
9		Wu Chin-tzan 吳金贊 Hú Liǎn (1935–2012)	20 June 1986	9 February 1998	Kuomintang
			Provincial Government returned to Kinmen on 15 January 1996.
10		Yen Chung-cheng 顏忠誠 Yán Zhōngchéng	10 February 1998	21 May 2007	Kuomintang
—		Yang Cheng-hsi 楊誠璽 Yáng Chéngxǐ	21 May 2007	28 November 2007	Kuomintang
			As acting; head of the First Division of the Provincial Government.
11		Chen Chin-jun 陳景峻 Chén Jǐngjùn (1956–)	28 November 2007	20 May 2008	Democratic Progressive Party
			Concurrently held position as Secretary General of the Executive Yuan.
12		Hsueh Hsiang-chuan 薛香川 Xūe Xiāngchuān (1944–)	20 May 2008	10 September 2009	Kuomintang
			Concurrently held position as Secretary General of the Executive Yuan.
13		James Hsueh 薛承泰 Xūe Chéngtài (1956–)	10 September 2009	18 February 2013	Kuomintang
			Concurrently held position as Minister Without Portfolio.
14		Chen Shyh-kwei[4] 陳士魁 Chén Shìkúi (1952–)	18 February 2013	1 August 2013	Kuomintang
			Concurrently held position as Minister Without Portfolio.
15		Luo Ying-shay 羅瑩雪 Luó Yíngxuě (1951–)	1 August 2013	29 September 2013	Kuomintang
			Concurrently held position as Minister Without Portfolio and as Minister of the Mongolian and Tibetan Affairs Commission.
16		Schive Chi[5] 薛琦 Xuē Qí	29 September 2013	25 March 2014
			Concurrently held position as Minister Without Portfolio.
17		John Deng 鄧振中 Dèng Zhènzhōng (1952–)	25 March 2014	7 December 2014
			Concurrently held position as Minister Without Portfolio.
18		Woody Duh 杜紫軍 Dù Zǐjūn (1959–)	7 December 2014	31 January 2016	Independent
			Concurrently held position as Minister Without Portfolio.
19		Lin Chu-chia 林祖嘉 Lín Zǔjiā (1956–)	31 January 2016	20 May 2016
			Concurrently held position as Minister Without Portfolio and as Minister of the National Development Council.
20		Chang Ching-sen 張景森 Zhāng Jǐngsēn (1959–)	20 May 2016	Incumbent	Independent
			Concurrently held position as Minister Without Portfolio.

See also

• Taiwan Province
• Politics of the Republic of China
• Battle of Kuningtou
• First Taiwan Strait Crisis
• Second Taiwan Strait Crisis
• Third Taiwan Strait Crisis
• Chekiang Province, Republic of China

References

1. Fujian Provincial Government website
2. Cahoon, Ben. "China Provinces and Administrative Divisions". www.worldstatesmen.org. World Statesmen. Retrieved 2 October 2015.
3. Cahoon, Ben. "China Provinces and Administrative Divisions". www.worldstatesmen.org. World Statesmen. Retrieved 2 October 2015. (In Columns) “(May 1949 - 23 Nov 1949) (Fang Zhi) (Fang Chih) (Nationalist) (at Kinmen from 17 Aug 1949) (b. 1895 - d. 1989)”
4. "Executive Yuan, R.O.C. (Taiwan)-Executive Yuan Officials". Ey.gov.tw. Retrieved 2014-05-18.
5. "Executive Yuan, R.O.C. (Taiwan)-Executive Yuan Officials". Ey.gov.tw. Retrieved 2014-05-18.

External links

• ROC Fujian Provincial Government (Chinese)

Coordinates: 24°25′N 118°19′E / 24.417°N 118.317°E