Emperor Go-Mizunoo

Go-Mizunoo
Mizunoo II
Emperor of Japan

Go-Mizunoo
Reign 9 May 1611 – 22 December 1629
Predecessor Go-Yōzei
Successor Meishō
Born (1596-06-29)29 June 1596
Died 11 September 1680(1680-09-11) (aged 84)
Burial Tsuki no wa no misasagi (Kyoto)
Spouse Tokugawa Masako
Issue
  • Meishō (1624–1696, r. 1629–1643)
  • Go-Kōmyō (1633–1654, r. 1643–1654)
  • Go-Sai (1638–1685, r. 1655–1663)
  • Reigen (1654–1732, r. 1663–1687)
Era dates
Keichō (1596–1615)
Genna (1615–1624)
Kan'ei (1624–1644)
House Edo period
Father Go-Yōzei

Emperor Go-Mizunoo (後水尾天皇 Go-Mizunoo-tennō, 29 June 1596 – 11 September 1680) was the 108th Emperor of Japan,[1] according to the traditional order of succession.[2]

Go-Mizunoo's reign spanned the years from 1611 through 1629.[3]

This 17th-century sovereign was named after the 9th-century Emperor Seiwa[4] and go- (後), translates as "later", and thus, he could be called the "Later Emperor Mizunoo". The Japanese word go has also been translated to mean the "second one", and in some older sources, this emperor may be identified as "Mizunoo II".

Genealogy

Before Go-Mizunoo's accession to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (his imina) was Kotohito (政仁)[5] or Masahito.[6]

He was the third son of Emperor Go-Yōzei. His mother was Konoe Sakiko, the daughter of Konoe Sakihisa.

He resided with his family in the Dairi of the Heian Palace. The family included at least 33 children; and four of them would occupy the throne.[7]

Events

Prince Masahito became emperor following the abdication of his emperor-father. The succession (the senso) was considered to have been received by the new monarch; and shortly thereafter, Emperor Go-Mizunoo is said to have acceded (the sokui).[11] The events during his lifetime shed some light on his reign. The years of Go-Mizunoo's reign correspond with a period in which Tokugawa Hidetada and Tokugawa Iemitsu were leaders at the pinnacle of the Tokugawa shogunate.

For the rest of his long life, Go-Mizuno-in concentrated on various aesthetic projects and interests, of which perhaps the best-known are the magnificent Japanese gardens of the Shugakuin Imperial Villa.[7]

The mausoleum of Emperor Go-Mizunoo – Tsukinowa no misasagi – at Sennyū-ji in Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto.

Go-Mizunoo's memory is honored at Sennyū-ji in Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto where a designated Imperial mausoleum (misasagi) is located. It is named Tsuki no wa no misasagi. Also enshrined are this emperor's immediate Imperial successors – Meishō, Go-Kōmyō, Go-Sai, Reigen, Higashiyama, Nakamikado, Sakuramachi, Momozono, Go-Sakuramachi and Go-Momozono.[18]

Kugyō

Kugyō (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras. Even during those years in which the court's actual influence outside the palace walls was minimal, the hierarchic organization persisted.

In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Go-Mizunoo's reign, this apex of the Daijō-kan included:

Eras

The years of Go-Mizunoo's reign are more specifically identified by more than one era name or nengō.[6]

See also

Notes

Japanese Imperial kamon — a stylized chrysanthemum blossom
  1. ↑ Imperial Household Agency (Kunaichō): 後水尾天皇 (108)
  2. ↑ Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan, pp. 113–115.
  3. 1 2 Titsingh, Isaac (1834). Annales des empereurs du japon, pp. 410–411.
  4. ↑ Emperor Seiwa, after his death, was sometimes referred to as Mizunoo (水尾) because this is the location of his tomb.
  5. ↑ Ponsonby-Fane, p. 9.
  6. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Titsingh, p. 410.
  7. 1 2 3 4 Ponsonby-Fane, p. 114.
  8. ↑ Ponsonby-Fane, p. 115.
  9. ↑ Ponsonby-Fane, pp. 114–115; Satow, Ernest Mason. (1881). A Handbook for Travellers in Central & Northern Japan, p. 408.
  10. ↑ Ponsonby-Fane, p. 115
  11. ↑ Titsingh, p. 410; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). Jinnō Shōtōki, p. 44; n.b., a distinct act of senso is unrecognized prior to Emperor Tenji; and all sovereigns except Jitō, Yōzei, Go-Toba, and Fushimi have senso and sokui in the same year until the reign of Emperor Go-Murakami.
  12. 1 2 3 Meyer, Eva-Maria. (1999). Japans Kaiserhof in der Edo-Zeit, p. 186.
  13. ↑ Titsingh, p. 409.
  14. 1 2 Ponsonby-Fane, p. 113.
  15. ↑ Ponsonby-Fane, p. 113; Titsingh, p. 410.
  16. ↑ Ponsonby-Fane, p. 114; Titsingh, p. 411.
  17. ↑ Titsingh, p. 414; Meyer, p. 186.
  18. ↑ Ponsonby-Fane, p. 423.
  19. ↑ 近衛家（摂家）

References

See also

Regnal titles
Preceded by
Emperor Go-Yōzei		 Emperor of Japan:
Go-Mizunoo
1611–1629 		Succeeded by
Empress Meishō
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