Haplogroup L4a (mtDNA)

Haplogroup L4a
Possible place of origin	Africa
Ancestor	L4
Descendants	L4a
Defining mutations	195C, 3357, 5460, 10373, 11253, 11344, 11485, 12414, 13174, 14302, 16260

In human genetics, Haplogroup L4a is a human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroup. It is a small African haplogroup.^[1] It was once called L7 and considered its own branch of L. It was determined to be a subclade of L4 and renamed L4a by Behar et al. in The dawn of human matrilineal diversity.^[2]

Tree

This phylogenetic tree of haplogroup L4a subclades is based on the paper by Mannis van Oven and Manfred Kayser Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation^[3] and subsequent published research.

• • L4
    • L4a
      • L4a1
        • L4a1a
      • L4a2

See also

• Genealogical DNA test
• Genetic Genealogy
• Human mitochondrial genetics
• Population Genetics
• Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups

Phylogenetic tree of human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplogroups

Mitochondrial Eve (L)

L0

L1–6

L1

L2

L3

L4

L5

L6

M

N

CZ

D

E

G

Q

O

A

S

R

I

W

X

Y

C

Z

B

F

R0

pre-JT

P

U

HV

JT

K

H

V

J

T

References

1. Haplogroups L7.
2. Behar, M.; Villems, R.; Soodyall, H.; Blue-Smith, J.; Pereira, L.; Metspalu, E.; Scozzari, R.; Makkan, H.; Tzur, S.; Comas, D.; Bertranpetit, J.; Quintana-Murci, L.; Tyler-Smith, C.; Wells, R. S.; Rosset, S.; Genographic, C. (May 2008). "The Dawn of Human Matrilineal Diversity". American Journal of Human Genetics. 82 (5): 1130–1140. doi:10.1016/j.ajhg.2008.04.002. ISSN 0002-9297. PMC 2427203. PMID 18439549.
3. Van Oven, Mannis; Kayser, Manfred (February 2009). "Updated comprehensive phylogenetic tree of global human mitochondrial DNA variation". Human Mutation. 30 (2): E386–94. doi:10.1002/humu.20921. PMID 18853457. Retrieved 2009-05-20.

External links

• General
  • Ian Logan's Mitochondrial DNA Site