Heinz Franke

For the German Olympic shooter, see Heinz Franke (sport shooter).
Heinz Franke
Born (1915-11-30)30 November 1915
Berlin-Steglitz
Died 5 April 2003(2003-04-05) (aged 87)
Sasbach
Allegiance Nazi Germany Germany (Third Reich)
 West Germany
Service/branch  Kriegsmarine
 German Navy
Years of service 1936–45
1957–72
Rank Kapitänleutnant (Kriegsmarine)
Fregattenkapitän (Bundesmarine)
Unit 3rd U-boat Flotilla
Commands held U-262
(26 October 1942–25 January 1944)
U-3509
March 1945
U-2502
4 April 1945
Battles/wars

World War II

Awards Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Ritterkreuz)

Heinz Franke (30 November 1915 in Berlin-Steglitz – 5 April 2003 in Sasbach) was a German U-boat commander in World War II and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (German: Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes). The Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross was awarded to recognise extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership.

Biography

Franke joined the Kriegsmarine in April 1936 and served for more than two years on the battlecruiser Gneisenau, and was on board during her two patrols in 1939.[1]

Franke transferred to the U-boat force in October 1940 and after training became first watch officer (I WO) of U-84. After three patrols he took command of the school boat U-148 in December 1941, and spent ten months in the Baltic Sea.[1]

In October 1942 he was appointed commander of U-262 and on his first patrol he sank the Norwegian Flower class corvette HNoMS Montbretia. In May 1943 Franke was ordered to the Gulf of Saint Lawrence to pick up some captured U-boat men who planned to escape, but the breakout failed.[1] In November 1943, while on patrol with U-262, Franke was involved in three convoy battles; his conduct was marked by diligent efficient shadowing and determined attack, particularly against the last, Convoy SL 140/MKS 31. For this, and despite a lack of success, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (see citation).

In January 1944 Franke was attached to the BdU staff. After serving in several staff positions and in a midget U-boat unit, he took command of U-3509 in March 1945. When the U-boat was damaged on 4 April 1945 he transferred to U-2502, which he commanded up until the end of the war on 8 May. After the war he spent six months in captivity, then served in the German Mine Sweeping Administration.[1]

In 1957 he joined the newly formed Bundesmarine, retiring in March 1972 as a Fregattenkapitän.[1]

Heinz Franke died on 5 April 2003.[1]

Awards

Citation

Franke's citation on being awarded the Knights Cross read:

"Francke has repeatedly been the only one of those participating in operations who has forced his way into the convoy against the strongest air and sea defences. In the present situation the possibilities of sinkings are slight. In awarding distinctions I shall evaluate toughness and tenacity so much the more, even when it is not crowned with success."

Franke was the only U-boat commander awarded the Knights Cross in 1943.

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Helgason, Guðmundur. "Kapitänleutnant Heinz Franke - German U-boat Commanders of WWII". German U-boats of WWII - uboat.net. Retrieved 2010-01-07.
  2. ↑ Busch & Röll 2003, p. 409.
  3. 1 2 3 Busch & Röll 2003, p. 410.
  4. ↑ Scherzer 2007, p. 316.

Bibliography

  • Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (2003). Der U-Boot-Krieg 1939–1945 — Die Ritterkreuzträger der U-Boot-Waffe von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 [The U-Boat War 1939–1945 — The Knight's Cross Bearers of the U-Boat Force from September 1939 to May 1945] (in German). Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn Germany: Verlag E.S. Mittler & Sohn. ISBN 978-3-8132-0515-2. 
  • Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer (2000) [1986]. Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile [The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches] (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6. 
  • Scherzer, Veit (2007). Die Ritterkreuzträger 1939–1945 Die Inhaber des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939 von Heer, Luftwaffe, Kriegsmarine, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm sowie mit Deutschland verbündeter Streitkräfte nach den Unterlagen des Bundesarchives [The Knight's Cross Bearers 1939–1945 The Holders of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939 by Army, Air Force, Navy, Waffen-SS, Volkssturm and Allied Forces with Germany According to the Documents of the Federal Archives] (in German). Jena, Germany: Scherzers Militaer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-938845-17-2. 

External links

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