HighwayHash

HighwayHash is a family of fast pseudorandom functions developed by Jyrki Alakuijala and Jan Wassenberg. The stated design goals are high-throughput mixing and low-cost finalization. An open-source (Apache 2 license) reference implementation was published in March 2016.

Overview

HighwayHash computes 64-bit (or up to 256 bit) digests from a 256-bit secret key and a variable-length input. It processes 32 bytes at a time using AVX-2 SIMD instructions. For 1 KiB blocks, the reported^[1] throughput is 11.3 GB/s (single-core), or 0.3 cycles per byte. This is about 10 times as fast as existing secure hashes in the ECRYPT hash benchmark.^[2]

The mixing multiplies 32-bit halves of the input with internal state, yielding a 64-bit result which is permuted and added to the state. The finalization involves four mixing rounds.

Applications

Suggested applications include hash tables immune to hash-flooding attacks, and pseudorandom number generation.

Naming

The name HighwayHash is similar to other hashes developed within Google: CityHash and FarmHash.

References

↑ Jyrki Alakuijala, Jan Wassenberg (2016-03-01). "HighwayHash description".
↑ "eBACS: ECRYPT Benchmarking of Cryptographic Systems".

External links

Jyrki Alakuijala, Jan Wassenberg. "HighwayHash on Github: fast mixing".
"Google Open Source Blog (release announcement)".

Cryptographic hash functions & message authentication codes

List Comparison Known attacks

Common functions	MD5 SHA-1 SHA-2 SHA-3 BLAKE2

SHA-3 finalists	BLAKE Grøstl JH Skein Keccak (winner)

Other functions	ECOH FSB GOST HAS-160 HAVAL Kupyna LM hash MD2 MD4 MD5 MD6 MDC-2 N-Hash RIPEMD RadioGatún SWIFFT SipHash Snefru Streebog Tiger VSH WHIRLPOOL

Key derivation functions	bcrypt crypt PBKDF2 scrypt Argon2

MAC functions	DAA CBC-MAC HMAC OMAC/CMAC PMAC VMAC UMAC Poly1305

Authenticated encryption modes	CCM CWC EAX GCM IAPM OCB

Attacks	Collision attack Preimage attack Birthday attack Brute force attack Rainbow table Side-channel attack Length extension attack

Design	Avalanche effect Hash collision Merkle–Damgård construction

Standardization	CRYPTREC NESSIE NIST hash function competition

Utilization	Hash-based cryptography Key stretching Merkle tree Message authentication Proof of work Salt

Cryptography

History of cryptography Cryptanalysis Outline of cryptography

Symmetric-key algorithm Block cipher Stream cipher Public-key cryptography Cryptographic hash function Message authentication code Random numbers Steganography

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