Hydrazine (antidepressant)
This article is about a series of antidepressants. For the toxic, unstable compound with the chemical formula N2H4, see hydrazine.
![](../I/m/Iproniazid.svg.png)
Iproniazid, the first hydrazine MAOI to be discovered.
The hydrazine antidepressants are a group of non-selective, irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) which were discovered and initially marketed in the 1950s and 1960s. Most have been withdrawn due to toxicity, namely hepatotoxicity, but a few still remain in clinical use.
Tranylcypromine, a structurally unrelated MAOI introduced around the same time as the hydrazines, was originally advertised as non-hydrazine as a result of its diminished propensity for causing hepatotoxicity.
List of hydrazine antidepressants
Marketed
- Benmoxin (Neuralex, Nerusil) ‡
- Iproclozide (Sursum) ‡
- Iproniazid (Marsilid) ‡
- Isocarboxazid (Marplan)
- Mebanazine (Actomol) ‡
- Nialamide (Niamid) ‡
- Octamoxin (Ximaol, Nimaol) ‡
- Phenelzine (Nardil)
- Pheniprazine (Catron) ‡
- Phenoxypropazine (Drazine) ‡
- Pivhydrazine (Tersavid) ‡
- Safrazine (Safra) ‡
Legend: ‡ = Withdrawn from the market; † = Partially discontinued; Bolded names indicate major drugs.
Never marketed
References
- López-Muñoz F, Alamo C (2009). "Monoaminergic neurotransmission: the history of the discovery of antidepressants from 1950s until today". Current Pharmaceutical Design. 15 (14): 1563–86. doi:10.2174/138161209788168001. PMID 19442174.
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