Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit

Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit (MRT)
Overview
Owner Government of Jakarta
Locale Jakarta, Indonesia
Transit type Rapid transit
Number of lines 2
Number of stations 13 (North-South line - first phase)
Headquarters Wisma Nusantara, 21st Floor, Jl. M.H. Thamrin 59, Jakarta 10350 - Indonesia - Telp (62)21 3103629, Fax (62) 21 3155846
Website MRT Jakarta
Operation
Operation will start August 2017 (Est.)
Operator(s) PT MRT Jakarta
Number of vehicles 16 six-car trainsets of Nippon Sharyo 3000R series
Headway 5–10 minutes (planned)
Technical
System length 15.7 km (9.8 mi) (initial)
Track gauge 1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)
Electrification 1,500 V DC overhead catenary

The Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit (Jakarta MRT) is a rapid transit system that currently is under construction in Jakarta, the capital city of Indonesia.

A groundbreaking ceremony was held on October 10, 2013, with Phase 1 of the project (Lebak Bulus to Hotel Indonesia Roundabout) to be opened to the public by August 2017.[1]

3000R series rolling stock proposed by Nippon Sharyo similar to Yokohama City Transportation Bureau for MRT Jakarta.[2]

Background

Jakarta is the capital city of Indonesia, harboring over 9 million inhabitants. It is predicted that over four million residents of the surrounding Jabodetabek area commute to and from the city each working day. Transport issues have increasingly begun to attract political attention and it has been foreseen that without a major transportation breakthrough, congestions will overwhelm the city into a complete traffic gridlock by 2020.[3]

Since 1980 more than twenty-five general and special subject studies have been conducted related to possible Mass Rapid Transit (MRT) systems in Jakarta. One of the major reasons for the delays in tackling the problem was the economic and political crises of 1997-99. Before the crisis, a Build-Operate-Transfer (BOT) scheme was considered as part of a new MRT calling for private sector involvement. After the crisis, the plan to rely on a BOT to provide financing proved unfeasible and the MRT project was again proposed as a government-funded scheme.

The current public transportation in Jakarta serves only 56% of trips made by commuters daily.[4] This figure urgently needs to be raised as the city's 9.5% average annual growth rate of motorized vehicle far exceeds the 0.01% increase in road length between 2005 and 2010.[5]

Public transportation now mainly consists of various types of buses, starting from the very small bemo and pickup sized mikrolet, to slightly larger minibuses such as the widely used MetroMini and Kopaja minibuses, and full sized city buses, the TransJakarta bus rapid transit system. There are also both two and four wheeled taxis and the Jabodetabek Commuter Railway system.

Lines

The rail-based Jakarta MRT is expected to stretch across over 108 kilometres, including 21.7 km for the North-South Line (from Lebak Bulus to Kampung Bandan) and 87 km for East-West Line (from Balaraja to Cikarang).[6][7]

M1 North-South line

MRT Jakarta North - South Construction

Jakarta MRT
North South MRT Line

Legend
 NS01 Kampung Bandan
NS02 Kota
NS03 Glodok
NS04 Mangga Besar
NS05 Sawah Besar
NS06 Harmoni
NS07 Monas
NS08 Sarinah  M2 

Phase 2: opening 2020
Phase 1: opening end 2018
 NS09 Bundaran HI
NS10 Dukuh Atas  L1 
NS11 Setiabudi
NS12 Benhil
NS13 Istora
 NS14 Senayan
NS15 Sisingamangaraja
 NS16 Blok M
 NS17 Blok A
 NS18 Haji Nawi
 NS19 Cipete Raya
 NS20 Fatmawati
 NS21 Lebak Bulus
Lebak Bulus Depot

The North-South line will be built in two phases.

After completion of MRT Phase I and II, together with TransJakarta will serve 60 percent total trips made by Jakartans according to predictions.

Phase I

The first phase is 15.7 kilometres (9.8 mi) long from Lebak Bulus to Bundaran HI. The construction project began in 2013 and is expected to be opened by the end of 2018 to serve 212,000 passengers per day. This expected capacity may be maxed out to 960,000 per day. The 15.7 kilometers span expected to be covered in under 30 minutes.[11]

Elevated stations

Underground stations

M2 East-West line

MRT east-west route planned to connect Cikarang in Bekasi, West Java, at the eastern end to Balaraja in Tangerang, Banten on the west end. Stretching along a total distance of 87 kilometers, this line will cross Ujung Menteng and Rawa Bebek area in the border between Bekasi and East Jakarta. This corridor is currently in pre-feasibility study phase.[6] The line is targeted to operate in 2025.

Construction progress

Progress of the first phase was funded through a loan by the Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC), now merged into the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA). The loan number IP is 536 (signed November 2006) for engineering services. The engineering services loan is a pre-construction loan to prepare the construction phase. It consists of:

On March 31, 2009, Loan Agreement 2 (LA2) for the amount of 48,150 billion Yen to build the Jakarta MRT System was signed by the Indonesian Government (represented by the Indonesian Ambassador for Japan) and JICA in Tokyo, Japan.[12] This loan is to be forwarded from the National Government to the Jakarta City Administration as a grant (on-granting agreement).[13] After the signing of the granting agreement for LA2, city administration will propose another two loan agreements for LA3 and LA4 to the central government. These proposals will become a lending agreement for the local government. The total amount of LA3 and LA4 addressed as a loan by the local government is about 71867 billion yen. This amount is based on the progress, outcome and absorbance of LA2. The total loan package from JICA for the development of the Jakarta MRT system is worth a total of 120 billion yen.

MRT Jakarta tunnel progress on Senayan

Work on the basic design for the first phase of the current version of the project began in late 2010. The tender process was underway in late 2012 when the new governor of Jakarta, Joko Widodo, unexpectedly said that he wanted a review of the project. After several months of uncertainty, governor Joko Widodo announced that the project would go ahead. He listed it as one of the priority projects in the Jakarta city budget for 2013.[14]

In September 2012, DMRC of Delhi Metro announced that it had been awarded the work of 'Management Consulting Services' of the Jakarta Mass Rapid Transit system by the Indonesian government. This will be DMRC'S first project outside India.[15] DMRC will work as part of a joint venture with 8 other international companies including Padeco and Oriental Consultant, PT Ernst and Young Advisory Services, PT Indotek Engineering Jaya, PT Pamintori Cipia, Lambaga Management and PT Public Private Partnership from Indonesia and Seneca Group.[16] DMRC has stated that its main responsibilities in the JV will be the "finalisation of the organisational structure of the Jakarta Metro, recruitment of personnel, development of training facilities and the training of the employees for various categories required for commencing the operations".[17] Physical construction is expected to begin in 2013[18] and the line is expected to be operational by 2017.

On 1 June 2013, the first 3 civil contracts for the 9.2 km underground section were signed. The 3 contracts were won by 2 separate consortiums of Japanese and Indonesian companies.[19] 3 civil work contracts for the elevated section of the line are expected to be signed in the 3rd quarter of 2013. Work is expected to begin in October 2013.[20]

PT Mass Rapid Transit Jakarta

PT Mass Rapid Transit Jakarta (PT MRTJ) is a limited liability (Perseroan Terbatas) company founded by the Jakarta Provincial Government. Its establishment was approved by the provincial parliament (DPRD) on 10 June 2008 and final establishment was by notary act on 17 June 2008. Its purpose is to operate the Jakarta MRT System. The shares are made up from 99% Jakarta Provincial Government and 1% PT Pasar Jaya (another Jakarta Regional-Government-Owned Company). PT MRTJ is classed as a Regional-Government-Owned-Company (Badan Usaha Milik Daerah-BUMD). The BUMD form for PT MRTJ is designed not to create profits for the shareholders, but instead to create flexibility in accessing alternative financing, which would otherwise be impossible if the company was directly part of the government. With this, the cost of tickets sold to clients will be reduced with some operational cost being subsidised by other sources. The BUMD form also ensures transparency and accountability through the shareholders' General Meeting, Decision Making and Reporting System which will be publicly available.

References

  1. ↑ "Jokowi leads MRT ground-breaking ceremony". October 10, 2013.
  2. ↑ "Nippon Sharyo, Produsen Shinkasen Sekaligus Kereta MRT Jakarta". October 23, 2016.
  3. ↑
  4. ↑ https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/dsd/susdevtopics/sdt_pdfs/meetings2010/egm0310/presentation_Rini.pdf
  5. ↑ "United Nations Forum On Climate Change Mitigation, Fuel Economy And Sustainable Development Of Urban Transport" (PDF). Urban Public Transport System in Jakarta. Retrieved 2015-09-20.
  6. 1 2 Agnes Rita Sulistyawati; Mukhamad Kurniawan (26 December 2015). "Persiapan Studi Jalur MRT Timur-Barat Sudah Dimulai". Kompas (in Indonesian).
  7. ↑ Extensive details are available at the PT Mass Rapid Transit project website
  8. ↑ "Urban rail news in brief". Railway Gazette International. 2010-10-03. Retrieved 2010-10-05.
  9. ↑ MRT Development Accelerated
  10. ↑ MRT Takes Small Step Forward as Contractors Approved - The Jakarta Globe
  11. ↑ "MRT construction likely to disrupt public utility networks". October 7, 2011.
  12. ↑ "JICA Signed Japanese ODA Loan Agreements with Indonesia-Support of Efforts to Improve the Investment Climate and Enact Climate Change Adaptation Measures-". Japan International Cooperation Agency. Retrieved 2009-08-17.
  13. ↑ "US$450m from govt for MRT". The Jakarta Post. 20 February 2009. Retrieved 28 February 2009.
  14. ↑ Andreas D. Arditya, 'Jakarta finally goes ahead with MRT plan', The Jakarta Post, 21 December 2012.
  15. ↑ Delhi Metro bags contract in Indonesia | Business Standard
  16. ↑ Delhi Metro Rail Corporation goes global with Indonesian Metro job : North, News - India Today
  17. ↑ Delhi Metro bags contract in Indonesia | Business Line
  18. ↑ Sita W. Dewi, 'MRT board given month to begin', The Jakarta Post, 25 March 2013.
  19. ↑ 'Jakarta metro civil works contracts signed', Rail Journal, 13 June 2013.
  20. ↑ "Jakarta metro contracts signed". Railway Gazette. 13 June 2013.
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