Jiangshan dialect
| Jiangshan dialect | |
|---|---|
| 江山話 | |
| Native to | People's Republic of China |
| Region | Jiangshan city, Quzhou prefecture, Zhejiang province |
Native speakers | approx. 500,000-600,000 (date missing) |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | – |
| Glottolog |
Nonelong1386 (Longqu)[1] |
Jiangshan dialect (江山話) is a Southern Wu dialect, closely related to that of Quzhou. It is spoken in Jiangshan, a city in Quzhou prefecture.
Phonology
Initials
| Labial | Dental | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m 馬 | n 腦 | ŋ 我 | |||
| Plosive | voiceless | p 巴 | t 豬 | k 姜 | ||
| aspirated | pʰ 怕 | tʰ 聽 | kʰ 氣 | |||
| slack voice | b̥ 爬 | d̥ 同 | ɡ̊ 群 | |||
| Affricate | voiceless | ts 再 | tɕ 朱 | |||
| aspirated | tsʰ 寸 | tɕʰ 唱 | ||||
| slack voice | d̥z̥ 茶 | d̥ʑ̊ 傳 | ||||
| Fricative | voiceless | f 夫 | s 山 | ɕ 心 | h 曉 | |
| slack voice | v̥ 浮 | z̥ 事 | ʑ̊ 樹 | ɦ 雲 | ||
| Approximant | l 李 | |||||
Finals
耳[ør] 衣[ɦi] 無[vu] 雨[ɦy] 之[tsɨ]
拉[lɑ] 家[kiɑ] 瓦[ŋuɑ]
鞋[ɦæ] 也[ɦiæ] 快[khuæ]
天[thiɛ̃] 全[ʑyɛ̃]
開[khe] 會[kue]
哥[ko]
包[pɐɯ] 表[piɐɯ]
樓[lɯ] 秋[tɕhiɯ]
三[sã] 香[hiã] 關[kuã]
干[kɔ̃] 狀[ʑiɔ̃]
盤[bɐ̃] 官[kuɐ̃]
門[moŋ] 窮[ɡioŋ]
齒[tshɨə] 魚[ŋɯə]
金[kœ̃] 森[ɕyœ̃ ]
京[kiŋ] 春[tɕhyŋ]
八[paʔ] 學[ɦiaʔ] 擴[khuaʔ]
筆[pœʔ] 十[ʑyœʔ]
日[nəʔ] 習[ʑiɛʔ] 越[ɦyɛʔ]
月[ŋoʔ] 肉[ʑioʔ]
合[kɔʔ] 肉[ŋyɔʔ]
Tones
Jiangshan dialect is considered to have eight tones. However, since the tone split dating from Middle Chinese still depends on the voicing of the initial consonant, these constitute just three phonemic tones: pin, shang, and qu. (Ru syllables are phonemically toneless, as their distinctiveness lies in a final glottal stop.)
Yin Ping 陰平44 天空飛山
Yang Ping 陽平231 南來田皮
Yin Shang 陰上324 紙九火口
Yang Shang 陽上22 坐買有被
Yin Qu 陰去51 菜四送去
Yang Qu 陽去31 備洞路硬
Yin Ru 陰入45 七雪踢客
Yang Ru 陽入12 六肉白獨
- ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian, eds. (2016). "Longqu". Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.