LMS Patriot Class

LMS Patriot Class

45501 St. Dunstans at Stafford, 1954

Type and origin Power type Steam Designer Sir Henry Fowler Builder LMS, Crewe and Derby works Build date 1930–1934 Total produced 52

Specifications Configuration 4-6-0 UIC class 2′C h3 Gauge 4 ft 8 ^1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge Leading dia. 3 ft 3 in (0.991 m) Driver dia. 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m) Length 62 ft 8 ^3⁄4 in (19.120 m) Loco weight 80.75 long tons (82.05 t; 90.44 short tons) Tender weight 42.70 long tons (43.39 t; 47.82 short tons) Total weight 123.45 long tons (125.43 t; 138.26 short tons) Fuel type Coal Fuel capacity 5.5 long tons (5.6 t; 6.2 short tons) Water cap 3,500 imp gal (16,000 l; 4,200 US gal) Firebox:  • Firegrate area 30 ^1⁄2 sq ft (2.83 m^2) Boiler G9½S Boiler pressure 200 psi (1.4 MPa) Heating surface:  • Tubes and flues 1,552 sq ft (144.2 m^2)  • Firebox 183 sq ft (17.0 m^2) Superheater: ​  • Heating area 365 sq ft (33.9 m^2) Cylinders 3 Cylinder size 18 in × 26 in (457 mm × 660 mm) Valve gear Walschaerts Valve type Piston valves Train brakes Vacuum

Performance figures Tractive effort 26,520 lbf (118.0 kN)

Career Operators London, Midland and Scottish Railway → British Railways Power class 1930–51: 5XP 1951–65: 6P5F Numbers LMS (1934): 5500–5551 BR: 45500–45551 Withdrawn 1960–1965 Disposition All original locomotives Scrapped; replica under construction

Rebuilt Patriot Class

45528 R.E.M.E. in November 1962

Type and origin Only differences from above are shown Power type Steam Rebuild date 1946–1949 Number rebuilt 18

Specifications Loco weight 82.00 long tons (83.32 t; 91.84 short tons) Tender weight 54.65 long tons (55.53 t; 61.21 short tons) Total weight 136.65 long tons (138.84 t; 153.05 short tons) Fuel capacity 9 long tons (9.1 t; 10 short tons) Water cap 4,000 imp gal (18,000 l; 4,800 US gal) Firebox:  • Firegrate area 31 ^1⁄4 sq ft (2.90 m^2) Boiler 2A Boiler pressure 250 lbf/in^2 (1.72 MPa) Heating surface:  • Tubes and flues 1,667 sq ft (154.9 m^2)  • Firebox 195 sq ft (18.1 m^2) Superheater: ​  • Heating area 348–367 sq ft (32.3–34.1 m^2) Cylinder size 17 in × 26 in (432 mm × 660 mm)

Performance figures Tractive effort 29,570 lbf (131.53 kN)

Career Power class 6P 7P from 1951 Axle load class BR: Route Availability 9

The Patriot Class was a class of 52 express passenger steam locomotives built for the London Midland and Scottish Railway. The first locomotive of the class was built in 1930 and the last in 1934. All of the Patriot class locomotives were withdrawn from service by 1965. The class was based on the chassis of the Royal Scot combined with the boiler from Large Claughtons earning them the nickname Baby Scots.

Overview

The first two were rebuilt in 1930 from the 1912-built LNWR Large Claughton Class, retaining the original driving wheels with their large bosses, the "double radial" bogie truck and some other parts. Of the subsequent 50 locomotives of the class 40 were nominal rebuilds of Claughtons, being in fact new builds classified as rebuilt engines so that they could be charged to revenue accounts, rather than capital. The last ten were classified as new builds.

The two former Claughtons retained their original numbers until 1934, when they were renumbered 5500–1.^[1] The 40 built as replacements took the numbers of the Claughtons that they replaced; these were renumbered 5502–41 in 1934.^[2] The remainder of the class were allocated nos. 6030–9, but were numbered 5542–51 from new.^[3] BR added 40000 to their numbers to make them 45500–51. The numbering of the similar LMS Jubilee Class continued on from where the Patriots left off. This was because 5552–5556 were ordered as Patriots (to be numbered 6040–4) but built with taper boilers as Jubilees on the orders of Sir William Stanier.^[4]

Naming of the class was somewhat erratic. Some retained old Claughton names, whilst others continued the military associations of the names Patriot and St Dunstans, and 13 carried names of holiday resorts served by the LMS. Seven remained unnamed, although they had been allocated names in 1943.

Between 1946 and 1948 eighteen were rebuilt with Stanier 2A boiler, cab and tender, though again these were paper rebuilds. The rebuilt engines were (4)5512/14/21–23/25–32/34–36/45. These were originally built without smoke deflectors but starting in 1948 were fitted with LMS Royal Scot Class pattern deflectors. The two original members of the class, and the first ten of the nominal rebuilds, were not rebuilt due to their non-standard parts.

All were withdrawn between 1960 and 1965. None have survived to preservation.

In 2007 a proposal to build a new LMS Patriot, using the surviving drawings, was published in the 13 July issue of Steam Railway magazine. This led to the formation of a Limited Company with charitable status.

Accidents and incidents

• On 13 March 1935, a milk train was in a rear-end collision with an express freight train at King's Langley, Hertfordshire due to a signalman's error. Locomotive No. 5511 was hauling a freight train that collided with the wreckaged. A fourth freight train then ran into the wreck. One person was killed.^[5]
• On 16 October 1939, locomotive No. 5544 was hauling a train that was in a collision with another train at Winwick Junction, Cheshire and was derailed.^[6]
• On 13 October 1940, locomotive No. 5529 was hauling an express passenger train that collided with a platform barrow obstructing the line at Wembley Central station, Middlesex and was derailed. Several people were killed and many more were injured.^[7]

Details

Pre- 1934 LMS No.	Post 1934 LMS No. (BR + 40000)	Name (date if not from new)	Built	Works	Withdrawn	Notes
5971	5500	Patriot (Feb. 1937)	November 1930	Derby	March 1961	Original name – Croxteth.
5902	5501	St. Dunstans (1937)	November 1930	Derby	September 1961	Original name – Sir Frank Ree.
5959	5502	Royal Naval Division (1937)	July 1932	Crewe	September 1960
5985	5503	The Leicestershire Regiment (1938)	July 1932	Crewe	August 1961	The Royal Leicestershire Regiment from Nov. 1948.
5987	5504	Royal Signals (1937)	July 1932	Crewe	March 1962
5949	5505	The Royal Army Ordnance Corps (1947)	August 1932	Crewe	June 1962
5974	5506	The Royal Pioneer Corps (Sep. 1948)	August 1932	Crewe	March 1962
5936	5507	Royal Tank Corps (1937)	August 1932	Crewe	October 1962
6010	5508		August 1932	Crewe	November 1960	Fitted with stovepipe chimney in 1956.
6005	5509	The Derbyshire Yeomanry (1951)	August 1932	Crewe	August 1961
6012	5510		August 1932	Crewe	June 1962
5942	5511	Isle of Man (1938)	September 1932	Crewe	February 1961
5966	5512	Bunsen	September 1932	Crewe	March 1965	Rebuilt Jul. 1948.
5958	5513		September 1932	Crewe	September 1962	1943 name allocated: Sir W.A. Stanier.
5983	5514	Holyhead (1938)	September 1932	Crewe	June 1961	Rebuilt Mar. 1947.
5992	5515	Caernarvon (1939)	October 1932	Crewe	June 1962
5982	5516	The Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire Regiment. (1938)	October 1932	Crewe	August 1961
5952	5517		February 1933	Crewe	June 1962
6006	5518	Bradshaw (1939)	February 1933	Crewe	October 1962
6008	5519	Lady Godiva	February 1933	Crewe	March 1962
5954	5520	Llandudno (1937)	February 1933	Derby	May 1962
5933	5521	Rhyl (1937)	March 1933	Derby	September 1963	Rebuilt Nov. 1946.
5973	5522	Prestatyn (1939)	March 1933	Derby	September 1964	Rebuilt Jan. 1949.
6026	5523	Bangor (1938)	March 1933	Crewe	January 1964	Rebuilt Oct. 1948
5907	5524	Blackpool (1937)	March 1933	Crewe	September 1962	Original name Sir Frederick Harrison.
5916	5525	Colwyn Bay (1937)	March 1933	Derby	May 1963	Original name E. Tootal Broadhurst. Rebuilt Aug. 1948.
5963	5526	Morecambe and Heysham (1937)	March 1933	Derby	October 1964	Rebuilt Feb. 1947
5944	5527	Southport (1937)	April 1933	Derby	December 1964	Rebuilt Sep. 1948
5996	5528	R.E.M.E. (Sep. 1959)	April 1933	Derby	January 1963	Rebuilt Sep. 1948. Only rebuilt engine to run without name.
5926	5529	Stephenson (1948)	April 1933	Crewe	February 1964	Original name Sir Herbert Walker K.C.B. until 1937. Rebuilt Jul. 1947.
6022	5530	Sir Frank Ree (1937)	April 1933	Crewe	December 1965	Name transferred from 5501. Rebuilt Oct. 1946.
6027	5531	Sir Frederick Harrison (1937)	April 1933	Crewe	November 1965	Name transferred from 5524. Rebuilt Dec. 1947. Painted experimental Apple Green livery 1948.
6011	5532	Illustrious	April 1933	Crewe	February 1964	Rebuilt Jun.1948.
5905	5533	Lord Rathmore	April 1933	Derby	September 1962
5935	5534	E. Tootal Broadhurst (1937)	April 1933	Crewe	May 1964	Name transferred from 5525. Rebuilt Dec. 1948.
5997	5535	Sir Herbert Walker K.C.B. (1937)	May 1933	Derby	November 1963	Name transferred from 5529. Rebuilt Sep. 1948.
6018	5536	Private W. Wood V.C. (1936)	May 1933	Crewe	December 1962	Rebuilt Nov. 1948.
6015	5537	Private E. Sykes V.C.	July 1933	Crewe	June 1962
6000	5538	Giggleswick (1938)	July 1933	Crewe	September 1962
5925	5539	E. C. Trench	July 1933	Crewe	September 1961
5901	5540	Sir Robert Turnbull	August 1933	Crewe	April 1963	Rebuilt Oct. 1947. Painted experimental Apple Green livery 1948.
5903	5541	Duke of Sutherland	August 1933	Crewe	June 1962
	5542		March 1934	Crewe	June 1962
	5543	Home Guard (1940)	March 1934	Crewe	November 1962
	5544		March 1934	Crewe	November 1962
	5545	Planet (1948)	March 1934	Crewe	June 1964	Rebuilt Nov. 1948.
	5546	Fleetwood (1938)	March 1934	Crewe	June 1962
	5547		April 1934	Crewe	September 1962
	5548	Lytham St. Annes (1937)	April 1934	Crewe	June 1962
	5549		April 1934	Crewe	June 1962	1943 name allocated: R.A.M.C.
	5550		May 1934	Crewe	November 1962	1943 name allocated: Sir Henry Fowler
	5551	The Unknown Warrior.	May 1934	Crewe	June 1962	Replica under construction.

New Build Patriot Locomotive - 'The Unknown Warrior'

The chassis of Newbuild LMS Patriot 4-6-0 no 45551 The Unknown Warrior inside the shed at Llangollen.

No Patriot in either rebuilt or unrebuilt form survived into preservation, however a new 'Patriot' is under construction at the Llangollen Railway. The LMS-Patriot Project,^[8] a registered charity, is intending to build the new, 3 cylinder, Fowler designed, parallel boiler, 4-6-0 express passenger loco. It will carry the number of the last built – LMS number 5551 or British Railways number 45551. After a public poll, the new Patriot locomotive will be named The Unknown Warrior, whose tomb is located in Westminster Abbey.

The engine currently wears crimson lake on the left side of its cab and BR Green on the right, showing what it would look like in either livery when it is running.

In fiction

This class of engine forms the basis of Big City Engine from the Railway Series of children's books by the Rev. W. Awdry.

00 Gauge Models

Bachmann Industries make a model of the original Patriot. Hornby introduced an original Patriot in the 1980s that has remained in production and now forms part of the 'Railroad' budget range.

Rebuilt Patriots were for a time produced by Bachmann, but they discontinued the old moulding and do not intend to produce a new moulding, as Hornby have released Rebuilt Patriots in their own main range.

References

1. Toms, Essery & James 2006, p. 65.
2. Toms, Essery & James 2006, p. 63.
3. Toms, Essery & James 2006, p. 69.
4. Toms, Essery & James 2006, pp. 67, 69.
5. Hall 1990, p. 99.
6. Earnshaw 1990, p. 22.
7. Earnshaw 1990, pp. 24-25.
8. "Creating the new Royal British Legion Endorsed National Memorial Engine". Lms-patriot.org.uk. Retrieved 2012-02-24.

• Earnshaw, Alan (1990). Trains in Trouble: Vol. 6. Penryn: Atlantic Books. ISBN 0-906899-37-0.
• Hall, Stanley (1990). The Railway Detectives. London: Ian Allan. ISBN 0 7110 1929 0.
• Hugh Longworth British Railway Steam Locomotives 1948-1968 ISBN 0-86093-593-0
• Nock, O. S. Royal Scots and Patriots of the LMS.
• Rowledge, J.W.P. (1975). Engines of the LMS built 1923–51. Oxford: Oxford Publishing Company. ISBN 0-902888-59-5.
• Toms, George; Essery, R.J.; James, F. (2006). Historical Locomotive Monographs No. 3: Claughton & Patriot 4-6-0s. Didcot: Wild Swan. ISBN 1-905184-19-0.
• Whiteley, John S.; Morrison, Gavin W. The Power of the Patriots. ISBN 0-86093-232-X.

External links

• Rail UK database
• The LMS Patriot Project