Leader of the New Zealand Labour Party

Leader of the Labour Party
Incumbent Andrew Little since 18 November 2014
Precursor	David Cunliffe
Inaugural holder	Alfred Hindmarsh
Formation	7 July 1916
Deputy	Annette King
Website	Labour Party profile

The Leader of the Labour Party is the highest ranked politician within the Labour Party in New Zealand. Since 18 November 2014, the office has been held by Andrew Little, who is a List MP.^[1]

Annette King is the Deputy Leader of the Labour Party, elected on the same day. She previously served as the Deputy Leader between 2008 and 2011 under Phil Goff, making her the only person to hold the office twice.

History

The post of Leader of the Labour Party was officially created upon the party's inception in 1916, though the title "Leader" was often substituted and/or complimented with the title "Chairman". In 1935, Michael Joseph Savage became the first ever Labour Prime Minister, following a landslide victory. In 1963, Arnold Nordmeyer became the first Leader of the Labour Party to have been born in New Zealand. Prior to this, three Leaders had been born in Australia and one each in England and Scotland. The most electorally successful Labour Leader to date is Helen Clark, who won three elections in 1999, 2002 and 2005. Clark is also the Labour Party's longest serving leader serving 14 years, 346 days between 1993 and 2008.^[2] Peter Fraser is the longest serving Labour Prime Minister, serving 9 years, 261 days between 1940 and 1949.

Selection

Unlike other political party leaders, the Labour Party's Leader does not have the power to dismiss or appoint their Deputy. Both the Leader and Deputy Leader are elected. The Labour Party elects its Leader in a vote split among the party's caucus, party members and party affiliates (unions) in a 40/40/20 split respectively.^[3] Prior to 2013, the Leader was elected solely by the parliamentary caucus. This practice remains for the Deputy Leadership.

Unique to Labour, the party's caucus possesses the right to elect MPs to Cabinet, rather than the Leader choosing them. The practice began following the 1940 leadership election.^[4] Michael Joseph Savage was the only leader to solely appoint his own cabinet following the election victories in 1935 and 1938.

Role

When the Labour Party forms the Parliamentary Opposition, as it currently does, the Leader of the Labour Party usually acts as the Leader of the Opposition, and chairs a Shadow Cabinet. Concordantly, when the Party is in Government, the Leader would become the Prime Minister of New Zealand.

Leaders of the Labour Party

The following is a complete list of Labour Party leaders (including Acting Leaders):

Key:
Labour Reform United National
PM: Prime Minister
LO: Leader of the Opposition
†: Died in office

	Leader (Birth–Death)	Electorate	Term Began	Term Ended	Time in Office	Position
1	Alfred Hindmarsh (1860–1918)	Wellington South	7 July 1916	13 November 1918†	2 years, 4 months, 7 days	—	Massey
2	Harry Holland (1868–1933)	Grey (1918-19) Buller (1919-33)	27 August 1919	8 October 1933†	14 years, 1 month, 12 days	—

							Bell
						LO 1926–1928	Coates
						Junior coalition partner 1928–1931	Ward
						LO 1931–1933	Forbes
3	Michael Joseph Savage (1872–1940)	Auckland West	12 October 1933	27 March 1940†	6 years, 5 months, 20 days	LO 1933–1935	Forbes
3	Michael Joseph Savage (1872–1940)	Auckland West	12 October 1933	27 March 1940†	6 years, 5 months, 20 days	PM 1935–1940	Savage
4	Peter Fraser (1884–1950)	Wellington Central (1918-46) Brooklyn (1946-50)	1 April 1940	12 December 1950†	10 years, 8 months, 12 days	PM 1940–1949	Fraser
4	Peter Fraser (1884–1950)	Wellington Central (1918-46) Brooklyn (1946-50)	1 April 1940	12 December 1950†	10 years, 8 months, 12 days	LO 1949–1950	Holland
5	Walter Nash (1882–1968)	Hutt	17 January 1951	31 March 1963	12 years, 2 months, 15 days	LO 1951–1957	Holland
						LO 1951–1957	Holyoake
						PM 1957–1960	Nash
						LO 1960–1963	Holyoake
6	Arnold Nordmeyer (1901–1989)	Island Bay	1 April 1963	16 December 1965	2 years, 8 months, 16 days	LO 1963–1965
7	Norman Kirk (1923–1974)	Lyttelton (1957-69) Sydenham (1969-74)	16 December 1965	31 August 1974†	8 years, 8 months, 16 days	LO 1965–1972
						LO 1965–1972	Marshall
						PM 1972–1974	Kirk
-	Hugh Watt× (1912–1980)	Onehunga	31 August 1974	6 September 1974	7 days	PM× 1974	Watt
8	Bill Rowling (1927–1995)	Tasman	6 September 1974	3 February 1983	8 years, 4 months, 29 days	PM 1974–1975	Rowling
8	Bill Rowling (1927–1995)	Tasman	6 September 1974	3 February 1983	8 years, 4 months, 29 days	LO 1975–1983	Muldoon
9	David Lange (1942–2005)	Mangere	3 February 1983	8 August 1989	6 years, 6 months, 5 days	LO 1983–1984	Muldoon
9	David Lange (1942–2005)	Mangere	3 February 1983	8 August 1989	6 years, 6 months, 5 days	PM 1984–1989	Lange
10	Geoffrey Palmer (1942–)	Christchurch Central	8 August 1989	4 September 1990	1 year, 28 days	PM 1989–1990	Palmer
11	Mike Moore (1949–)	Christchurch North	4 September 1990	1 December 1993	3 years, 2 months, 28 days	PM 1990	Moore
11	Mike Moore (1949–)	Christchurch North	4 September 1990	1 December 1993	3 years, 2 months, 28 days	LO 1990–1993	Bolger
12	Helen Clark (1950–)	Mount Albert	1 December 1993	19 November 2008	14 years, 11 months, 19 days	LO 1993–1999	Bolger
						LO 1993–1999	Shipley
						PM 1999–2008	Clark
13	Phil Goff (1953–)	Mount Roskill	19 November 2008	13 December 2011	3 years, 25 days	LO 2008–2011	Key
14	David Shearer (1957–)	Mount Albert	13 December 2011	15 September 2013	1 year, 9 months, 3 days	LO 2011–2013
15	David Cunliffe (1963–)	New Lynn	15 September 2013	30 September 2014	1 year, 16 days	LO 2013–2014
-	David Parker× (1960–)	List MP	30 September 2014	18 November 2014	1 month, 20 days	LO× 2014
16	Andrew Little (1965–)	List MP	18 November 2014	incumbent	7007648759490000000♠2 years, 19 days	LO 2014–present

Note: ×Deputy Leaders who assumed the role of party leader temporarily because of the death or resignation of the incumbent, serving until the election of a new leader.

Deputy Leaders of the Labour Party

The following is a complete list of Labour Party leaders

	Leader (Birth–Death)	Electorate	Term of Office
1	James McCombs (1873–1933)	Lyttelton	27 August 1919	February 1923	Holland
2	Michael Joseph Savage (1872–1940)	Auckland West	February 1923	12 October 1933	Holland
3	Peter Fraser (1884–1950)	Wellington Central	12 October 1933	1 April 1940	Savage
4	Walter Nash (1882–1968)	Hutt	1 April 1940	17 January 1951	Fraser
5	Clarence Skinner (1900–1962)	Buller	17 January 1951	26 April 1962†	Nash
6	Fred Hackett (1901–1963)	Grey Lynn	26 April 1962	19 March 1963†	Nash
7	Hugh Watt (1912–1980)	Onehunga	1 April 1963	6 September 1974	Nordmeyer
7	Hugh Watt (1912–1980)	Onehunga	1 April 1963	6 September 1974	Kirk
8	Bob Tizard (1924–2016)	Otahuhu	10 September 1974	1 November 1979	Rowling
9	David Lange (1942–2005)	Mangere	1 November 1979	3 February 1983	Rowling
10	Geoffrey Palmer (1942–)	Christchurch Central	3 February 1983	8 August 1989	Lange
11	Helen Clark (1950–)	Mount Albert	8 August 1989	1 December 1993	Palmer
11	Helen Clark (1950–)	Mount Albert	8 August 1989	1 December 1993	Moore
12	David Caygill (1948–)	St Albans	1 December 1993	12 October 1996	Clark
13	Michael Cullen (1945–)	Dunedin South	12 October 1996	19 November 2008	Clark
14	Annette King (1947–)	Rongotai	19 November 2008	13 December 2011	Goff
15	Grant Robertson (1971–)	Wellington Central	13 December 2011	15 September 2013	Shearer
16	David Parker (1960–)	List MP	15 September 2013	18 November 2014	Cunliffe
(14)	Annette King (1947–)	Rongotai	18 November 2014	incumbent	Little

References

↑ Watkins, Tracy; Fox, Michael; Vance, Andrea (18 November 2014). "Little wins Labour leadership". Stuff.co.nz. Retrieved 18 November 2014.
↑ Audrey Young (12 February 2008). "Clark beats record of longest-serving Labour leader – probably". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 12 February 2008.
↑ "Date confirmed for new Labour leader". The New Zealand Herald. APN News & Media. 23 August 2013. Retrieved 25 August 2013.
↑ Beaglehole, Tim. "Fraser, Peter". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 11 December 2011.

New Zealand Labour Party

Party leaders Names in bold served as prime minister of New Zealand	Alfred Hindmarsh (1916–18) Harry Holland (1919–33) Michael Joseph Savage (1933–40) Peter Fraser (1940–50) Walter Nash (1951–63) Arnold Nordmeyer (1963–65) Norman Kirk (1965–74) Bill Rowling (1974–83) David Lange (1983–89) Geoffrey Palmer (1989–90) Mike Moore (1990–93) Helen Clark (1993–2008) Phil Goff (2008–11) David Shearer (2011–13) David Cunliffe (2013–14) Andrew Little (2014–present)

Party presidents	James McCombs (1916–17) Andrew Walker (1917–18) Tom Paul (1918–20) Peter Fraser (1920–21) Frederick Cooke (1921–22) Tom Brindle (1922–26) Bob Semple (1926–28) John Archer (1928–29) Jim Thorn (1929–31) Rex Mason (1931–32) Bill Jordan (1932–33) Frank Langstone (1933–34) Tim Armstrong (1934–35) Walter Nash (1935–36) Clyde Carr (1936–37) James Roberts (1937–50) Arnold Nordmeyer (1950–55) Michael Moohan (1955–60) Martyn Finlay (1960–64) Norman Kirk (1964–66) Norman Douglas (1966–70) Bill Rowling (1970–72) Charles Bennett (1972–76) Arthur Faulkner (1976–78) Jim Anderton (1979–84) Margaret Wilson (1984–87) Rex Jones (1987–88) Ruth Dyson (1988–93) Maryan Street (1993–95) Michael Hirschfeld (1995–99) Bob Harvey (1999–2000) Mike Williams (2000–09) Andrew Little (2009–11) Moira Coatsworth (2011–15) Nigel Haworth (2015–present)

Current Members of Parliament Names without electorates are list MPs (List of former MPs)	Leader: Andrew Little Deputy Leader: Annette King (Rongotai) Jacinda Ardern David Clark (Dunedin North) Clayton Cosgrove David Cunliffe (New Lynn) Clare Curran (Dunedin South) Kelvin Davis (Te Tai Tokerau) Ruth Dyson (Port Hills) Kris Faafoi (Mana) Peeni Henare (Tāmaki Makaurau) Chris Hipkins (Rimutaka) Iain Lees-Galloway (Palmerston North) Nanaia Mahuta (Hauraki-Waikato) Trevor Mallard (Hutt South) Sue Moroney Stuart Nash (Napier) Damien O'Connor (West Coast-Tasman) David Parker Grant Robertson (Wellington Central) Adrian Rurawhe (Te Tai Hauāuru) Jenny Salesa (Manukau East) Carmel Sepuloni (Kelston) David Shearer (Mount Albert) William Sio (Māngere) Rino Tirikatene (Te Tai Tonga) Phil Twyford (Te Atatū) Louisa Wall (Manurewa) Meka Whaitiri (Ikaroa-Rāwhiti) Poto Williams (Christchurch East) Michael Wood (Mount Roskill) Megan Woods (Wigram)

Labour governments	First (1935–49) Second (1957–60) Third (1972–75) Fourth (1984–90) Fifth (1999–2008)

Labour opposition	Holland Nordmeyer Kirk Rowling Goff Shearer Cunliffe Little

Leadership elections	1919 1920 1921 1922 1923 1933 1940 1951 1954 1963 1965 1974 1980 1983 1988 1989 1990 1993 1996 2008 2011 2013 2014

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