Mount Albert (New Zealand electorate)

Mount Albert electorate boundaries used since the 2014 election

Mount Albert is a parliamentary electorate in Auckland, New Zealand, returning one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Representatives of New Zealand. It has been represented by David Shearer since a by-election on 13 June 2009. It was represented by Helen Clark from the 1981 general election until her resignation from Parliament on 17 April 2009. It has elected only Labour Party MPs since it was first contested at the 1946 election.

Population centres

The 1941 census had been postponed due to World War II, so the 1946 electoral redistribution had to take ten years of population growth and movements into account. The North Island gained a further two electorates from the South Island due to faster population growth. The abolition of the country quota through the Electoral Amendment Act, 1945 reduced the number and increased the size of rural electorates. None of the existing electorates remained unchanged, 27 electorates were abolished, eight former electorates were re-established, and 19 electorates were created for the first time, including Mount Albert.^[1]

Mount Albert covers a segment of western Auckland City, based around the suburb of Mount Albert and stretching from Kingsland on the eastern periphery of the central city down to Sandringham and extending as far as Avondale on the seat's western edge. Changes brought about by an electoral redistribution after the 2006 census saw a swap of suburbs with neighbouring Auckland Central – Newton on the city fringe being returned to Auckland Central, having been moved out in 1999, and Point Chevalier being drafted in.

The present incarnation of Mount Albert dates to 1999, when the creation of the Mount Roskill seat necessitated removing the suburbs clustered around the north side of Manukau Harbour from the Owairaka electorate. The name Mount Albert had been out of use for only three years – before Owairaka was drawn up ahead of the change to Mixed Member Proportional voting in 1996, the Mount Albert electorate had been part of the New Zealand electoral landscape for fifty years.

History

Mount Albert was first created for the 1946 election.^[2] The electorate is notable for being contested by two later Prime Ministers, Robert Muldoon and Helen Clark.

The first representative, Arthur Shapton Richards, died after only one year in the office.^[3]

Richards was succeeded by Warren Freer in the 1947 by-election, and Freer held the electorate until he retired in 1981.^[4] Freer was challenged in the 1954 election by National's Muldoon, Prime Minister from 1975 to 1984, and this was Muldoon's first attempt of entering Parliament.^[5] He tried to claim the seat from Labour, but no National Party candidate has managed to do what Muldoon could not – Mount Albert's inner-suburb, working-class composition makes it one of the Labour Party's safest seats. Muldoon had earlier, in 1951, failed to win the National nomination for the Mount Albert electorate.^[5]

Freer was succeeded by Helen Clark,^[6] who held the electorate until 1993, when it was abolished and she moved to the Owairaka electorate instead. When the Mount Albert electorate was re-established for the 1999 election, Clark became the representative again. Clark was Prime Minister from 1999 to 2008. In 2009, she resigned to become head of the United Nations Development Program,^[7]

Clark was succeeded by David Shearer through the 13 June 2009 by-election. He is the current representative of Mount Albert.

Members of Parliament

Key

Labour

Election	Winner
1946 election		Arthur Shapton Richards
1947 by-election		Warren Freer
1949 election
1951 election
1954 election
1957 election
1960 election
1963 election
1966 election
1969 election
1972 election
1975 election
1978 election
1981 election		Helen Clark
1984 election
1987 election
1990 election
1993 election
(Electorate abolished 1993–1999)
1999 election		Helen Clark (2nd period)
2002 election
2005 election
2008 election
2009 by-election		David Shearer
2011 election
2014 election

List MPs

Members of Parliament elected from party lists in elections where that person also unsuccessfully contested the Mount Albert electorate. Unless otherwise stated, all MPs terms began and ended at general elections.

Key

National Green

Election	Winner
2011 election		David Clendon
2011 election		Melissa Lee
2014 election		Melissa Lee

Election results

2014 election

General election 2014: Mount Albert^[8]
Notes: Green background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Y David Shearer		20,970	58.17	−1.02	10,823	29.31	−7.78
	National	Melissa Lee		10,314	28.61	+1.11	14,359	38.89	+2.22
	Green	Jeanette Elley		3,152	8.74	−0.75	8,005	21.68	+4.53
	Conservative	Jeffrey Johnson		525	1.46	−1.03	719	1.95	+0.34
	ACT	Tommy Fergusson		321	0.89	−0.45	356	0.96	+0.03
	Mana	Joe Carolan		290	0.80	+0.80
	Human Rights	Anthony van den Heuvel		76	0.21	+0.21
	Independent	Michael Wackrow		68	0.19	+0.19
	NZ First						1,512	4.10	−0.43
	Internet Mana						603	1.63	+1.05^{[lower-alpha 1]}
	Māori						178	0.48	−0.04
	Legalise Cannabis						93	0.25	−0.16
	United Future						57	0.15	−0.20
	Ban 1080						12	0.03	+0.03
	Civilian						11	0.03	+0.03
	Democrats						7	0.02	±0.00
	Focus						6	0.02	+0.02
	Independent Coalition						5	0.01	+0.01
Informal votes				336			176
Total Valid votes				36,052			36,922
Turnout				36,922	79.41	+6.42
	Labour hold		Majority	10,656	29.56	−2.13

2011 election

General Election 2011: Mount Albert^[9]
Notes: Green background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Y David Shearer		18,716	59.19	-0.10	12,238	37.09	-5.51
	National	Melissa Lee		8,695	27.50	-1.35	12,102	36.67	+1.01
	Green	David Clendon		3,000	9.49	+3.55	5,660	17.15	+6.15
	Conservative	Frank Poching		786	2.49	+2.49	532	1.61	+1.61
	ACT	Stephen Boyle		425	1.34	-2.75	306	0.93	-2.58
	NZ First						1,494	4.53	+1.85
	Mana						191	0.58	-+0.58
	Māori						172	0.52	-0.26
	Legalise Cannabis						135	0.41	+0.12
	United Future						114	0.35	-0.32
	Libertarianz						29	0.09	+0.04
	Alliance						21	0.06	+0.01
	Democrats						5	0.02	-0.005
Informal votes				969			272
Total Valid votes				31,622			32,999
	Labour hold		Majority	10,021	31.69	+1.24

Electorate (as at 26 November 2011): 45,208^[10]

2009 by-election

Main article: Mount Albert by-election, 2009

Mount Albert by-election, 2009
Notes: Green background denotes the winner of the by-election. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list prior to the by-election. Yellow background denotes the winner of the by-election, who was a list MP prior to the by-election. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Labour	David Shearer	13,260	63.49	+4.20
	National	Melissa Lee^a	3,542	16.96	-11.88
	Green	Russel Norman^a	2,567	12.29	+6.35
	ACT	John Boscawen^a	968	4.63	+0.54
	Bill and Ben	Ben Boyce	158	0.76
	Legalise Cannabis	Dakta Green	92	0.44
	Kiwi	Simonne Dyer	91	0.44
	United Future	Judy Turner	89	0.43
	Libertarianz	Julian Pistorius	39	0.19
	Independent	Jim Bagnell	24	0.11
	Independent	Ari Baker	15	0.07
	Human Rights	Anthony Van den Heuvel	13	0.06
	People Before Profit	Malcom France	13	0.06
	Independent	Jackson James Wood	9	0.04
	People's Choice	Rusty Kane	5	0.02
Informal votes			58
Total Valid votes			20,885
	Labour hold	Majority	9,718	46.40	+4.02

^a Three candidates were list MPs elected at the 2008 election.

2008 election

General Election 2008: Mount Albert^[11]
Notes: Green background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Y Helen Clark		20,157	59.29	-7.26	14,894	42.60	-11.73
	National	Ravi Musuku		9,806	28.84	+9.21	12,468	35.66	+9.31
	Green	Jon Carapiet		2,019	5.94	+1.22	3,846	11.00	+1.73
	ACT	Kathleen McCabe		1,392	4.09	+1.72	1,227	3.51	+1.49
	Kiwi	Christian Dawson		249	0.73		157	0.45
	Pacific	Milo Siilata		234	0.69		273	0.78
	Human Rights	Anthony van den Heuvel		87	0.26
	RONZ	Dave Llewell		53	0.16	+0.16	16	0.05	+0.03
	NZ First						936	2.68	-0.70
	Māori						273	0.78	-0.26
	Progressive						244	0.70
	United Future						232	0.66
	Bill and Ben						132	0.38
	Legalise Cannabis						101	0.29
	Family Party						92	0.26
	Alliance						19	0.05
	RAM						19	0.05
	Libertarianz						16	0.05
	Workers Party						11	0.03
	Democrats						7	0.02
Informal votes				410			256
Total Valid votes				33,997			34,963
	Labour hold		Majority	10,351

2005 election

General Election 2005: Mount Albert^[12]
Notes: Green background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Y Helen Clark		20,918	66.55	-3.03	17,501	54.33	+2.53
	National	Ravi Musuku		6,169	19.63		8,488	26.35	+13.33
	Green	Jon Carapiet		1,485	4.72	-0.67	2,985	9.27	-1.35
	NZ First	Julian Batchelor		746	2.37		1,089	3.38	-3.01
	ACT	David Seymour		746	2.37		651	2.02	-5.09
	United Future	Tony Gordon		529	1.68		649	2.01	-3.28
	Progressive	Jenny Wilson		407	1.29		525	1.59	-0.10
	Destiny	Anne Williamson		337	1.07		157	0.49
	Independent	James Bagnall		83	0.26
	Anti-Capitalist	Daphna Whitmore		79	0.25	-0.15
	Independent	Anthony Ravlich		47	0.15
	Direct Democracy	Howard Ponga		30	0.10		10	0.03
	Independent	Erik Taylor		29	0.09
	Māori						168	0.52
	Legalise Cannabis						43	0.13	-0.40
	Christian Heritage						40	0.12	-0.89
	Alliance						22	0.07	-1.69
	Family Rights						20	0.06
	Libertarianz						19	0.06
	RONZ						8	0.02
	99 MP						6	0.02
	Democrats						3	0.01
	One NZ						0	0.00	-0.01
Informal votes				316			130
Total Valid votes				31,747			32,342
	Labour hold		Majority	14,749

2002 election

General Election 2002: Mount Albert^[13]
Notes: Green background denotes the winner of the electorate vote. Pink background denotes a candidate elected from their party list. Yellow background denotes an electorate win by a list member. A Y or N denotes status of any incumbent, win or lose respectively.
Party		Candidate		Votes	%	±%	Party Votes	%	±%
	Labour	Y Helen Clark		19,514	68.49		15,021	51.80
	National	Raewyn Bhana		3,490	12.24		3,777	13.02
	ACT	Bruce Williams		1,550	5.44		2,063	7.11
	Green	Jon Carapiet		1,537	5.39		3,080	10.62
	United Future	Hassan Hosseini		726	2.54		1,534	5.29
	Christian Heritage	Pauline G Cooper		426	1.49		295	1.01
	Alliance	Jill Ovens		334	1.17		494	1.70
	Progressive	Gillian Dance		299	1.04		491	1.69
	Legalise Cannabis	Daphna Whitmore		116	0.40		115	0.53
	Independent	Rick Stevenson		52	0.18
	NZ First						1,855	6.39
	ORNZ						98	0.33
	Mana Māori						6	0.02
	One NZ						4	0.01
	NMP						4	0.01
Informal votes				447			160
Total Valid votes				28,491			28,997
	Labour hold		Majority	16,024	56.24

1947 by-election

Mount Albert by-election, 1947^[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	Warren Freer	7,235	56.01
	National	J. C. Garland	5,682	43.99
Majority			1,553	12.02
Informal votes			26
Registered electors			14,861
Turnout			12,943	87.09
	Labour hold		Swing

1946 election

1946 general election: Mount Albert^[14]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	Arthur Shapton Richards	7,681	56.88
	National	F A Hosking	5,824	43.12
Majority			1,857	13.75
Informal votes			74
Registered electors			14,374
Turnout			13,579	94.47

Table footnotes

↑ 2014 Internet Mana swing is relative to the votes for Mana in 2011; it shared a party list with Internet in the 2014 election.

Notes

↑ McRobie 1989, pp. 91–96.
↑ Wilson 1985, p. 267.
↑ Gower, Patrick (31 March 2009). "Seven Labour candidates tipped to try for Mt Albert seat". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 7 November 2013.
↑ Wilson 1985, p. 198.
1 2 Gustafson, Barry. "Muldoon, Robert David". Dictionary of New Zealand Biography. Ministry for Culture and Heritage. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
↑ Wilson 1985, p. 189.
↑ "Helen Clark unanimously confirmed as new head of UNDP" (Press release). United Nations Development Program. 31 March 2009. Retrieved 21 September 2009.
↑ "Official Count Results -- Mt Albert (2014)". Electoral Commission. Retrieved 11 April 2016.
↑ 2011 election results
↑ "Enrolment statistics". Electoral Commission. 26 November 2011. Retrieved 27 November 2011.
↑ 2008 election results
↑ 2005 election results
↑ 2002 election results
1 2 Norton 1988, p. 280.

References

McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.
Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.

External links

Electorate Profile Parliamentary Library

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