Lincoln, Ontario
| Lincoln | |
|---|---|
| Town (lower-tier) | |
| Town of Lincoln | |
|
King Street in Beamsville. | |
 Location of Lincoln within Niagara Region | |
  Lincoln Location of Lincoln within Niagara Region | |
| Coordinates: 43°08′N 79°26′W / 43.133°N 79.433°WCoordinates: 43°08′N 79°26′W / 43.133°N 79.433°W | |
| Country |
 Canada |
| Province |
 Ontario |
| Regional Municipality | Niagara |
| Settled | 1788 |
| Formed | January 1, 1970 |
| Government | |
| • Type | Town |
| • Mayor | Sandra Easton |
| • Governing Body | Town of Lincoln Council |
| • MP | Dean Allison (CPC) |
| • MPP | Tim Hudak (OPC) |
| Area[1] | |
| • Land | 162.86 km2 (62.88 sq mi) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
| • Total | 22,487 |
| • Density | 138.1/km2 (358/sq mi) |
| Time zone | EST (UTC-5) |
| • Summer (DST) | EDT (UTC-4) |
| Postal code span | L0R |
| Area code(s) | 905 |
| Website | www.lincoln.ca |
Lincoln is a town on Lake Ontario in the Niagara Region, Ontario, Canada. The town's administrative and commercial centre is in the community of Beamsville.
Geography
Lincoln's location between the southern shore of Lake Ontario and the Niagara Escarpment provides for a moderate climate with mild winters. The area is known in Canada for its orchards, vineyards, wineries and restaurants that feature local produce and wines. Fruit crops grown in Lincoln include cherries, peaches, apples and pears, and during the summer attract many tourists from all over Ontario, particularly Toronto.
Communities
The township comprises the communities of Beamsville, Campden, Jordan, Jordan Station, Pelham Union, Rockway, Tintern, Vineland and Vineland Station.
History
Lincoln's earliest known inhabitants were Neutral Indians. Archaeologists from the Royal Ontario Museum found evidence of a Neutral encampment with a long house about two kilometers east of Beamsville, on Cave Springs Farm. Until vandals destroyed them about 30 years ago, there were a number of Indian faces carved in stone high on the Escarpment wall nearby.
The Neutrals were decimated by the Iroquois in 1653. When the first European settlers arrived in 1777, there were only a few semi-migrant native people living in the caves near Beamsville.
The earliest European settlers were ex-Butler's Rangers who had fought on the side of the Loyal in the American Revolution. United Empire Loyalist Jacob Beam began what is now the town of Beamsville in 1788. Both of his homes - the original one located on The Thirty (creek), as well as the one near downtown Beamsville - are still intact today. Senator William Gibson is another key figure in the history of Beamsville. His mansion is now the Girls' Dorm at Great Lakes Christian College.[2] Beamsville was also home to the annual Lincoln County Agricultural Fair, usually held on or around the first weekend of September. This fair was very well known fair throughout the area, and attracted thousands of people every year since its inception in 1857. The Fair is no longer held in Beamsville since the grounds were sold as a housing development.
In 1898, hockey player William Fairbrother, in the town of Beamsville, was the first to make use of a hockey net. The town was also home to the first Japanese-Canadian home for the aged in 1967.[2]
Mennonites (Pennsylvania Dutch) walking north from the United States in 1799 founded the villages of Jordan and Vineland. An Ontario Historical Plaque was erected at the Jordan Museum by the province to commemorate the first Mennonite Settlement's role in Ontario's heritage.[3] The First Mennonite Church in Vineland, adjacent to the cemetery at the corner of Regional Road 81 (former Highway 8) and Martin Road, organized in 1801, is the oldest Mennonite congregation in Canada.[4]
Good hunting and fishing as well as excellent soil and waterways attracted these early settlers. Agriculture flourished, and tanneries, grist mills, saw mills and woollen mills sprang up in Glen Elgin (now known as Ball's Falls), Tintern, St. Mary's, called Jordan after 1840, Rockway, The Thirty (now vanished) and Beamsville.
With a large natural harbour at the mouth of Twenty Creek, Jordan and Jordan Station became busy shipping centres for the export of logs for masts, tan bark, hides, ashes used in industrial centres for the manufacture of soap, as well as grain, flour, fruit and fruit products. A small ship building industry existed for a time on the banks of the Twenty.
Today, Lincoln is a leading area for tender fruit production and grape growing. Its wines are achieving international recognition and winning awards for quality. "Greenhouse Friendly" Lincoln also has the largest concentration of greenhouse operators in Canada.
In its earliest days what is now Lincoln was regarded, and governed, as an extension of the province of Quebec, but in 1791 the Canada Bill placed it in English Upper Canada. Colonel John Graves Simcoe, first Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada, divided the province into 19 counties. He named Lincoln County after its English counterpart, and each of its 12 townships, including Clinton and Louth, after towns in Lincolnshire, England.
The first township councils, formed in 1793, had no legislative authority. In response to the Rebellion of 1837, the 1849 Municipal Act gave local councils much more power to deal with local matters.
The Town of Lincoln came into existence on January 1, 1970, a municipal corporation created by the Legislature of Ontario through the amalgamation of the Town of Beamsville, the Township of Clinton, and approximately half the Township of Louth. Through a vote of citizens, "Lincoln" was chosen to be its name.[5]
People
The town is home to numerous Dutch and United Empire Loyalist families, as evidenced by the large number of Dutch Reformed and Anglican churches in the area. Other ethnic groups include Italians - one family which founded the Commisso's Food Markets supermarket chain - Germans, East Asians, and Indians.
William Fairbrother, the inventor of the hockey net, lived in Lincoln. Bill Berg, formerly a hockey player for the Toronto Maple Leafs, and now an NHL broadcaster, was born, and continues to make his home in Beamsville. Paul Laus, a former Florida Panthers bruiser defenceman, and Ryan Christie, who played seven games with the Dallas Stars and Calgary Flames are also Beamsville natives. Another Beamsville native of note, Tonya Verbeek, earned an Olympic silver medal in women's wrestling at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. At the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing, China, Tonya Verbeek excelled once again by winning the bronze medal in women's freestyle wrestling, 55 kg class.
The band Rush practised in Beamsville in their earlier days. Drummer Neil Peart was raised in nearby Port Dalhousie. It is also home to the band Amped. Lincoln is home to their bass player Josh Bigger
Industry
The region is in the heart of Ontario's wine country and contributes greatly to the wine industry in the Niagara Peninsula. Many wineries from the area have taken home top awards, including Grape King at the Niagara Grape & Wine Festival, as well as international awards. Wineries in Lincoln include Malivoire, Mike Weir Winery, Thomas and Vaughan, Thirty Bench, Angel's Gate, Peninsula Ridge, Cave Spring Cellars, Daniel Lenko Winery, Hidden Bench, Magnotta, Mountain Road Winery, Legends Estates, Crown Bench, and Corner Stone.
Climate
| Climate data for Vineland Rittenhouse (1981−2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 18.0 (64.4) |
18.5 (65.3) |
27.0 (80.6) |
30.5 (86.9) |
34.0 (93.2) |
36.0 (96.8) |
38.0 (100.4) |
37.0 (98.6) |
35.0 (95) |
30.0 (86) |
22.5 (72.5) |
21.5 (70.7) |
38.0 (100.4) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −0.2 (31.6) |
0.9 (33.6) |
5.1 (41.2) |
12.0 (53.6) |
18.9 (66) |
24.1 (75.4) |
26.8 (80.2) |
25.6 (78.1) |
21.4 (70.5) |
15.0 (59) |
8.5 (47.3) |
2.7 (36.9) |
13.4 (56.1) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −3.7 (25.3) |
−2.7 (27.1) |
1.1 (34) |
7.3 (45.1) |
13.5 (56.3) |
19.0 (66.2) |
21.9 (71.4) |
21.0 (69.8) |
16.9 (62.4) |
10.8 (51.4) |
5.0 (41) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
9.2 (48.6) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −7.1 (19.2) |
−6.3 (20.7) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
2.5 (36.5) |
8.2 (46.8) |
13.8 (56.8) |
17.0 (62.6) |
16.4 (61.5) |
12.5 (54.5) |
6.5 (43.7) |
1.5 (34.7) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
4.9 (40.8) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −24.5 (−12.1) |
−22.8 (−9) |
−19.5 (−3.1) |
−9 (16) |
−2.2 (28) |
1.7 (35.1) |
6.1 (43) |
3.3 (37.9) |
0.0 (32) |
−6.7 (19.9) |
−11.1 (12) |
−24.5 (−12.1) |
−24.5 (−12.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 64.3 (2.531) |
57.1 (2.248) |
64.9 (2.555) |
74.0 (2.913) |
76.4 (3.008) |
81.0 (3.189) |
85.1 (3.35) |
75.2 (2.961) |
83.5 (3.287) |
74.1 (2.917) |
85.9 (3.382) |
70.1 (2.76) |
891.6 (35.102) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 32.1 (1.264) |
33.4 (1.315) |
43.5 (1.713) |
69.6 (2.74) |
75.6 (2.976) |
81.0 (3.189) |
85.1 (3.35) |
75.2 (2.961) |
83.5 (3.287) |
74.0 (2.913) |
79.3 (3.122) |
47.2 (1.858) |
779.4 (30.685) |
| Average snowfall cm (inches) | 32.2 (12.68) |
23.7 (9.33) |
21.5 (8.46) |
4.4 (1.73) |
0.8 (0.31) |
0.0 (0) |
0.0 (0) |
0.0 (0) |
0.0 (0) |
0.1 (0.04) |
6.6 (2.6) |
22.9 (9.02) |
112.2 (44.17) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 16.7 | 12.5 | 13.6 | 14.7 | 12.9 | 12.2 | 11.6 | 11.2 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 15.5 | 16.1 | 162.8 |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 7.1 | 6.6 | 9.7 | 13.8 | 12.9 | 12.2 | 11.6 | 11.2 | 12.9 | 12.9 | 14.0 | 9.9 | 134.8 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) | 10.5 | 7.1 | 5.2 | 1.4 | 0.14 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.05 | 2.3 | 7.5 | 34.3 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 88.9 | 97.3 | 144.8 | 180.6 | 229.7 | 263.9 | 286.4 | 246.1 | 176.6 | 143.1 | 83.3 | 64.2 | 2,005 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 30.6 | 32.9 | 39.2 | 45.0 | 50.6 | 57.4 | 61.5 | 56.9 | 47.0 | 41.7 | 28.5 | 22.9 | 42.8 |
| Source: Environment Canada (sunshine recorded at Vineland Station, 1971–2000)[6][7] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
| Census | Population |
|---|---|
| Beamsville | |
| 1841 | 250 |
| 1871 | 1,000 |
| 1901 | 832 |
| 1911 | 1,096 |
| 1921 | 1,256 |
| 1931 | 1,203 |
| 1941 | 1,309 |
| 1951 | 1,712 |
| 1961 | 2,537 |
| Lincoln | |
| 1971 | 14,247 |
| 1981 | 14,196 |
| 1991 | 17,149 |
| 2001 | 20,612 |
| 2006 | 21,722 |
| 2011 | 22,487 |
According to the Canada 2011 Census:[1]
- Population: 22,487
- % Change (2006–2011): 3.5
- Dwellings: 8,397
- Area (km².): 162.86
- Density (persons per km².): 138.1
Culture
The Lincoln Public Library has branches in Beamsville and Vineland. The Fleming Branch in Beamsville, founded in 1852, can be found in the old Clinton-Louth town hall built in the mid-19th century. The upper floor of the building has been used by Freemasons for over a century. The Moses F. Rittenhouse Branch in Vineland is located in a newer building.[8]
Vineland is host to a large craft fair that takes place over a period of four days on Canadian Thanksgiving weekend. Craft stalls are set up on the main street, Victoria Avenue, and at the Ball's Falls Conservation Area. This festival also extends into the ball park in Jordan.
See also
References
- 1 2 3 2011 Census Profile
- 1 2 http://www.lincoln.library.on.ca/local_history/townhistory.htm History of Lincoln
- ↑ Ontario Plaque
- ↑ III-24 The First Mennonite Church (Vineland, Ont.)
- ↑ A Brief History of the Town of Lincoln
- ↑ "Vineland Rittenhouse, Ontario". Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010. Environment Canada. Retrieved February 16, 2015.
- ↑ "Vineland Station, Ontario". Canadian Climate Normals 1971–2000. Environment Canada. Retrieved February 16, 2015.
- ↑ http://www.lincoln.library.on.ca/local_history/libraryhistory.htm
External links
-
Lincoln, Ontario travel guide from Wikivoyage - Town of Lincoln website
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Lake Ontario | | ||
| Grimsby |  |
St. Catharines | ||
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| West Lincoln | |
Pelham |
