Lincoln (electoral district)
Lincoln was a federal electoral district represented in the Canadian House of Commons from 1867 to 1883 and from 1904 to 1997. It was on the Niagara Peninsula in the Canadian province of Ontario. At various times, there was also an electoral district of the same name used in provincial elections.
At various times, the riding included all or parts of the former Lincoln County (including its successor, the Regional Municipality of Niagara). After 1976, it also represented parts of the Regional Municipality of Hamilton-Wentworth, mainly Stoney Creek. As a suburban riding of Hamilton, it tended to vote Conservative much more often than the city proper.
By the 1997 election, the riding borders and name were changed to Stoney Creek although it included many areas outside that city.
Geography
It initially consisted of the Townships of Clinton, Grantham, Grimsby, and Louth, and the Town of St. Catharines. It was abolished in 1882 when it was redistributed between Lincoln and Niagara and Wentworth South ridings.
It was recreated from those two ridings in 1903, and defined as consisting of the County of Lincoln.
In 1947, it was defined as consisting of the county of Lincoln, including the city of St. Catharines.
In 1966, it was defined as consisting of
(a) in the County of Lincoln, the southeast part of the City of St. Catharines, and the Townships of Caistor, Clinton, Gainsborough, Grimsby North, Grimsby South, Louth and Niagara;
(b) in the County of Welland, the Townships of Pelham and Thorold.
In 1976, it was defined as consisting of:
(a) in the Regional Municipality of Hamilton-Wentworth, the Town of Stoney Creek and the part of the City of Hamilton east of Red Hill Creek between Windermere Road in the north and the brow of the Mountain and the limit of the City of Hamilton in the south, and (b) in the Regional Municipality of Niagara, the Towns of Grimsby and Lincoln.
In 1987, the City of Hamilton part of the ridings was redefined to consist of the part of the city south of Queenston Road, east of Redhill Creek and north of the brow of the Niagara Escarpment.
It was abolished in 1996 when it was redistributed between Erie—Lincoln and Stoney Creek ridings.
Members of Parliament
This riding elected the following members of the Canadian House of Commons:
- 1867-1868 James Benson (Conservative)
- 1868-1874 Thomas Merritt (Conservative)
- 1874-1878 James Norris (Liberal)
- 1878-1882 John Charles Rykert (Conservative)
- 1904-1917 Edward Lancaster (Conservative)
- 1917-1935 James Chaplin (Union Government, Conservative), served as Minister of Trade and Commerce from 1926
- 1935-1949 Norman James Macdonald Lockhart (Conservative, National Government, Progressive Conservative)
- 1949-1957 Harry Cavers (Liberal)
- 1957-1962 John Smith (Progressive Conservative)
- 1962-1968 James McNulty (Liberal)
- 1968-1972 Gordon Barrett (Liberal)
- 1972-1974 Ken Higson (Progressive Conservative)
- 1974-1979 Bill Andres (Liberal)
- 1979-1980 Ken Higson (Progressive Conservative)
- 1980-1984 Bryce Mackasey (Liberal)
- 1984-1993 Shirley Martin (Progressive Conservative)
- 1993-1996 Tony Valeri (Liberal)
Electoral history
| Canadian federal election, 1867 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Liberal–Conservative | James Rea Benson | acclaimed | ||||||
| By-election on 13 April 1868
James Benson called to the Senate, 14 March 1868 | |||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liberal | Thomas Rodman Merritt | 720 | |||
| Unknown | O.S. Phillips | 120 | |||
| Canadian federal election, 1872 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Liberal | Thomas Rodman Merritt | 1,118 | ||||||
| Unknown | J. McKowins | 555 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1874 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Liberal | James Norris | 1,493 | ||||||
| Unknown | T. Clark | 1,338 | ||||||
| By-election on 17 November 1874
James Norris was unseated, 8 September 1874 | |||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liberal | James Norris | 1,406 | |||
| Unknown | Augustus Jukes | 1,270 | |||
| Unknown | Reuben Wynne | 7 | |||
| By-election on 9 May 1877
James Norris resigned, April 1877 | |||||
| Party | Candidate | Votes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Liberal | James Norris | 1,831 | |||
| Unknown | James Miller | 1,746 | |||
| Canadian federal election, 1878 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Conservative | John Charles Rykert | 1,893 | ||||||
| Liberal | James Norris | 1,799 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1904 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Conservative | Edward Arthur Lancaster | 3,558 | ||||||
| Liberal | E.J. Lovelace | 3,240 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1908 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Conservative | Edward Arthur Lancaster | 3,853 | ||||||
| Liberal | Welland Devaux Woodruff | 3,604 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1911 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Conservative | Edward Arthur Lancaster | 4,576 | ||||||
| Liberal | Edwin John Lovelace | 3,023 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1917 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Government (Unionist) | James Dew Chaplin | 9,335 | ||||||
| Opposition (Laurier Liberals) | Edwin John Lovelace | 3,816 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1921 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Conservative | James Dew Chaplin | 8,087 | ||||||
| Labour | Edwin John Lovelace | 6,212 | ||||||
| Progressive | Arthur Adams Craise | 3,066 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1925 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Conservative | James Dew Chaplin | 12,054 | ||||||
| Liberal | Hamilton Killally Woodruff | 5,942 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1926 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Conservative | James Dew Chaplin | 11,475 | ||||||
| Liberal | Terrence Myles Mccarron | 5,555 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1930 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Conservative | James Dew Chaplin | 13,474 | ||||||
| Liberal | May Louise Greenwood | 7,526 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1935 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Conservative | Norman James Macdonald Lockhart | 11,398 | ||||||
| Liberal | Albert Ernest Coombs | 11,135 | ||||||
| Reconstruction | Howard L. Craise | 2,349 | ||||||
| Co-operative Commonwealth | George Pay | 1,224 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1940 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| National Government | Norman James Macdonald Lockhart | 13,331 | ||||||
| Liberal | John Joseph Bench | 12,921 | ||||||
| Co-operative Commonwealth | John Scott | 2,443 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1945 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Progressive Conservative | Norman James Macdonald Lockhart | 15,911 | ||||||
| Liberal | Edward Frank McCordick | 10,962 | ||||||
| Co-operative Commonwealth | Allen E. Schroeder | 4,540 | ||||||
| Labor–Progressive | Thomas Wakefield Dealy | 1,514 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1949 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Liberal | Harry Cavers | 17,407 | ||||||
| Progressive Conservative | C. Bruce Hill | 14,038 | ||||||
| Co-operative Commonwealth | Allen Eugene Schroeder | 5,793 | ||||||
| Independent | Howard Prentice | 742 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1953 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Liberal | Harry Cavers | 16,113 | ||||||
| Progressive Conservative | Romaine Kay Ross | 14,694 | ||||||
| Co-operative Commonwealth | Ralph H. Frayne | 4,575 | ||||||
| Christian Liberal | Howard A. Prentice | 1,505 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1957 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Progressive Conservative | John Smith | 25,409 | ||||||
| Liberal | Harry Cavers | 15,794 | ||||||
| Co-operative Commonwealth | Auldham Roy Petrie | 4,829 | ||||||
| Social Credit | Howard Prentice | 2,233 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1958 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Progressive Conservative | John Smith | 29,958 | ||||||
| Liberal | Harry Cavers | 15,063 | ||||||
| Co-operative Commonwealth | Auldham Roy Petrie | 4,978 | ||||||
| Social Credit | Howard Prentice | 949 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1962 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Liberal | James C. McNulty | 23,386 | ||||||
| Progressive Conservative | John Smith | 20,445 | ||||||
| Social Credit | Herbert Heppner | 5,262 | ||||||
| New Democratic | Rose Cookson | 5,130 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1963 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Liberal | James C. McNulty | 25,902 | ||||||
| Progressive Conservative | Romaine K. Ross | 21,345 | ||||||
| New Democratic | Rose Cookson | 5,315 | ||||||
| Social Credit | James R. Walters | 2,841 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1965 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Liberal | James C. McNulty | 25,820 | ||||||
| Progressive Conservative | Joe Reid | 19,324 | ||||||
| New Democratic | Arthur Matti Peltomaa | 8,395 | ||||||
| Social Credit | George S. Mallory | 1,913 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1968 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Liberal | H. Gordon Barrett | 13,328 | ||||||
| Progressive Conservative | Kenneth Higson | 12,692 | ||||||
| New Democratic | John Martin | 6,763 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1972 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Progressive Conservative | Kenneth Higson | 16,840 | ||||||
| Liberal | H. Gordon Barrett | 13,562 | ||||||
| New Democratic | Ron Leavens | 6,714 | ||||||
| Social Credit | Jim Walters | 612 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1974 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Liberal | William Andres | 17,499 | ||||||
| Progressive Conservative | Kenneth Higson | 14,221 | ||||||
| New Democratic | Ron Leavens | 6,548 | ||||||
| Social Credit | James Robert Walters | 611 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1979 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Progressive Conservative | Kenneth Higson | 19,612 | ||||||
| Liberal | Norm Marshall | 15,026 | ||||||
| New Democratic | Ken Lee | 13,400 | ||||||
| Marxist–Leninist | Don McLean | 151 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1980 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Liberal | Bryce Mackasey | 17,449 | ||||||
| Progressive Conservative | Kenneth Higson | 16,741 | ||||||
| New Democratic | Kenneth I. Lee | 13,500 | ||||||
| Marxist–Leninist | Don McLean | 133 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1984 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Progressive Conservative | Shirley Martin | 26,318 | ||||||
| Liberal | Joseph Macaluso | 14,646 | ||||||
| New Democratic | John Mayer | 11,888 | ||||||
| Green | Robert A. Keddy | 345 | ||||||
| Independent | Larry E. Johnston | 171 | ||||||
| Independent | Ann Stasiuk | 121 | ||||||
| Social Credit | A. J. Sid Hamelin | 120 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1988 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | ||||||
| Progressive Conservative | Shirley Martin | 19,955 | ||||||
| Liberal | John Munro | 19,517 | ||||||
| New Democratic | John Mayer | 9,037 | ||||||
| Christian Heritage | Peggy Humby | 2,742 | ||||||
| Independent | Albert Papazian | 280 | ||||||
| Independent | David Olchowecki | 76 | ||||||
| Independent | Ann Stasiuk | 67 | ||||||
| Independent | André Vachon | 28 | ||||||
| Canadian federal election, 1993 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | Expenditures | ||||
| Liberal | Tony Valeri | 29,048 | 52.19 | $48,491 | ||||
| Reform | Andy Sweck | 14,325 | 25.74 | $36,455 | ||||
| Progressive Conservative | Jim Merritt | 8,731 | 15.69 | $43,063 | ||||
| New Democratic | Peter Cassidy | 2,182 | 3.92 | $16,976 | ||||
| National | Brian Dolby | 935 | 1.68 | $3,164 | ||||
| Natural Law | Cynthia Marchand | 307 | 0.55 | $200 | ||||
| Non-Affiliated | Ken Morningstar | 128 | 0.23 | $247 | ||||
| Total valid votes | 55,656 | 100.00 | ||||||
| Total rejected ballots | 544 | |||||||
| Turnout | 56,200 | 72.08 | ||||||
| Electors on the lists | 77,974 | |||||||
| Source: Thirty-fifth General Election, 1993: Official Voting Results, Published by the Chief Electoral Officer of Canada. Financial figures taken from official contributions and expenses provided by Elections Canada. | ||||||||