List of cross LOC military operations

The line of control which lies between the Indian and Pakistani controlled parts of the former princely state of Kashmir and Jammu is the de facto boundary which is generally respected by both sides. Indian and Pakistani troops have on occasion tried to alter the areas under their control in large scale operations. There have also been punitive expeditions across the border. This is a list of all reported instances since the re-designation of the cease fire line as the line of control.

Pakistan has filed complaints with the United Nations Military Observer Group in India and Pakistan (UNMOGIP) accusing the Indian Army of beheading at least a dozen Pakistani soldiers since 1998 in such expeditions.^[1] India has denied these allegations.^[2][3] In one decade before 2013, when Lance Naik Hemraj was beheaded, there have been at least three other such incursions into Indian held territory by the Pakistani troops.^[4] India has tried to hush up these incidents.^[5]

List of military operations across the LOC

Incident	Date	Description	Remarks
The Operation Meghdoot	13 April 1984	India successfully occupied territory which was under de facto control of Pakistan.	India received intelligence that Pakistan was planning to occupy the Siachen glacier.[6] and executed the operation to deny the territory. This has sparked a confrontation which has continued since then.
The Kargil War	May–July 1999	Pakistan tried to occupy territory which was under de facto control of India and failed.	Pakistani soldiers and Kashmiri militants infiltrated into positions on the Indian side of the LOC,[7] in an attempt to occupy strategic peaks.
Ashok Listening Post attack	27 February 2000	Terrorists and Pakistani Soldiers attacked an Indian Post.	HuJI terrorists and Pakistani Special Services Group (SSG) conducted the operation in which the seven 17 Maratha Light Infantry soldiers manning the post were killed and a soldier by name Bhausaheb Maruti Talekar was beheaded. His head was taken back to Pakistan as a trophy.[8]
Pakistani post near Bhimber Gali in Poonch attacked.	18 September 2003	Indian soldiers attacked Pakistani post.	A JCO and three soldiers. One soldier was allegedly decapitated and his head was carried off as a trophy. Pakistan Lodged a complaint with the UNMOGIP.[9]
Kranti post near Salhotri village in Poonch was attacked.	5 June 2008	Pakistani soldiers attacked Indian post.	2-8 Gurkha Regiment soldier Jawashwar Chhame was killed.[9]
Pakistani post near Bhattal sector in Poonch attacked.	19 June 2008	Indian soldiers attacked Pakistani post.	Pakistan lodged a complaint with the UNMOGIP that Indian troops entered into Pakistan occupied Kashmir, beheaded a soldier and carried his head across. Four Pakistani soldiers, allegedly died in the raid.[9]
Pakistan occupied Kashmir	28 July 2011	Indian soldiers made a shallow penetration.	Five heads of Pakistani troops killed in the incident were allegedly taken as trophy.[10]
Indian army post in Gugaldhar ridge in Kupwara attacked	30 July 2011	Pakistani Border Action Team conducted the attack across the LoC	Two Indian soldiers of 20 Kumaon Regiment were beheaded by the Pakistani Border Action Team (BAT) troops. The attacking team took back the heads of Havildar Jaipal Singh Adhikari and Lance Naik Devender Singh of 20 Kumaon.[5][11]
Operation Ginger Sharda sector, across the Neelam river valley in Kel.	29 August 2011	Indian para commandos conducted a surgical strike across the border	Pakistani soldiers Subedar Parvez, Havildar Aftab and Naik Imran were beheaded, their heads and rank insignias were brought to India.[11][12] Pakistan complained to the UNMOGIP that three soldiers, including a JCO were killed.[9]
Beheading of Lance Naik Hemraj	8 January 2013	Pakistani soldiers crossed the LoC and ambushed Indian soldiers.	Lance Naik Hemraj and Lance Naik Sudhakar Singh were killed. The Indian officials claimed that both bodies were mutilated, and that Hemraj was decapitated.[13] Indian troops failed to recover the head even after a search of the area. India believes the Pakistanis took the head of Hemraj when they retreated.[14][15][16][17]
Indian "Surgical Strikes"	28 September 2016	Indian Para commandos stuck multiple terrorist launch pads along the LoC	India claimed that it had conducted "surgical strikes" against militant launch pads across the Line of Control in Pakistani-administered Azad Kashmir, and inflicted "significant casualties".[18] Indian media reported the casualty figures variously, from 35 to 50.[19][20][21] Pakistan denied the Indian version.

References

1. "Pakistan accuses India of 12 Kashmir beheadings since 1998: report". Dawn. AFP. 30 January 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2016.
2. "India rejects Pak's claim on beheading of troops". The Navhind Times. 31 January 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2016.
3. "India rejects Pakistan's claim on beheading of Troops". The Economic Times. PTI. 31 January 2013. Retrieved 4 October 2016.
4. Josephy, Josy (1 October 2013). "Back in the day, cross-LoC hit and run was a given". The Hindu. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
5. Datt, Gautam (14 January 2013). "'We reserve the right to retaliate': Army chief threatens Pakistan with military action as troops are put on high alert in Poonch, Rajouri and Uri". The Daily Mail. Retrieved 5 October 2016.
6. "War at the Top of the World". Time Magazine. 4 July 2005. Retrieved 2011-12-30.
7. "1999 Kargil Conflict". GlobalSecurity.org. Retrieved 20 May 2009.
8. Joseph, Josy (10 January 2013). "Pak cross-LoC raid: Brutality similar to 2000 strike by Ilyas Kashmiri". The Times of India. Retrieved 30 September 2016.
9. Swami, Praveen (9 July 2013). "Locked in U.N. files, 15 years of bloodletting at LoC". The Hindu. Retrieved 4 October 2016.
10. Karnad, Bharat (1 October 2013). "Surgical strikes: A face-saving move or planned retaliation?". Hindustan Times. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
11. Singh, Vijaita (9 October 2016). "Operation Ginger: Tit-for-tat across the Line of Control". The Hindu. Retrieved 11 October 2016.
12. "Operation Ginger: Indian Army's surgical strikes in 2011 killed eight Pakistani soldiers". First Post. IANS. 9 October 2016. Retrieved 11 October 2016.
13. "India 'gave befitting reply' to soldier beheading". Hindustan Times. IANS. 31 July 2014. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
14. Pandit, Rajat; Joseph, Josy (9 January 2013). "Pak troops kill two jawans, behead, mutilate one of them". The Times of India. Retrieved 1 October 2016.
15. Arora, Kamna (11 January 2013). "Ilyas Kashmiri still alive inside Pakistani troops". Zee News. Retrieved 1 October 2016.
16. "India says Pakistan 'beheaded' Kashmir soldier". BBC. 9 January 2013. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
17. Ahmad, Faiz (10 January 2013). "UN probing killing of Pakistani soldier in Kashmir; no complaint by India". National Turk. Retrieved 4 October 2016.
18. "India's surgical strikes across LoC: Full statement by DGMO Lt Gen Ranbir Singh". Hindustan Times. 29 September 2016. Retrieved 2 October 2016.
19. "Uri avenged: 35-40 terrorists, 9 Pakistani soldiers killed in Indian surgical strikes". 29 September 2016.
20. "Surgical strikes in PoK: How Indian para commandos killed 50 terrorists, hit 7 camps". India Today. 29 September 2016. Retrieved 1 October 2016.
21. Ratheesh, Renu (30 September 2016). "Uri Pay Back: Pakistan buries dead terrorists, leaving no evidence for India's Surgical Strike". India Live Today. Retrieved 30 September 2016.