Lomonosov, Russia

For other uses of "Lomonosov", see Lomonosov (disambiguation).
Lomonosov (English)
Ломоносов (Russian)
-  Municipal town  -
Lomonosov
Location of Lomonosov in Russia
Coordinates: 59°55′N 29°46′E / 59.917°N 29.767°E / 59.917; 29.767Coordinates: 59°55′N 29°46′E / 59.917°N 29.767°E / 59.917; 29.767
Coat of arms
Administrative status
Country Russia
Federal subject Saint Petersburg
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 42,505 inhabitants[1]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[2]
Founded 1710
Previous names Oranienbaum (until 1948)
Dialing code(s) +7 812
Official website
Lomonosov on Wikimedia Commons
Location of Lomonosov in St. Petersburg
Cathedral of St. Michael the Archangel

Lomonosov (Russian: Ломоно́сов; before 1948: Oranienbaum, Ораниенба́ум) is a municipal town in Petrodvortsovy District of the federal city of St. Petersburg, Russia, located on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland, 40 kilometers (25 mi) west of St. Petersburg proper. Population: 42,505 (2010 Census);[1] 37,776 (2002 Census).[3]

It is the site of an 18th-century park and palace complex (see Oranienbaum). The palace is the only one of the famous palaces in the vicinity of St. Petersburg that was not captured by the Germans during World War II.

It was granted town status in 1710.

Name

The original name of the town is Oranienbaum, which means "orange tree" in German (in modern German, the word is Orangenbaum). It was initially applied to the palace complex, which had greenhouses for exotic plants. Its present name honors the scientist, poet and glassblower Mikhail Lomonosov. In 1754, Lomonosov founded a colored-glass factory near Oranienbaum, in the village of Ust-Ruditsa. A third, unofficial name, Rambov (a contraction of "Oranienbaum") is popular among the locals.

Lomonosov can be reached by suburban train from St. Petersburg's Baltic Terminal to Oranienbaum Station.

The Great Palace with the Lower Park is an outstanding artistic complex of the first quarter of the eighteenth century. It was built in 1710-25 opposite Kronstadt, in the neighbourhood of the royal residence Peterhof, by the architects Giovanni Mario Fontana and Gottfried Johann Schadel and was intended for Alexander Menshikov, a close associate of Peter the Great.

World War II

During the Siege of Leningrad in World War II, Soviet forces managed to establish a foothold at Oranienbaum, in the rear of the German forces. This foothold had a major importance in the launching of the Leningrad–Novgorod Offensive in early 1944, which finally ended the siege (see Leningrad–Novgorod Offensive).

People from Oranienbaum

The city was the birthplace of Igor Stravinsky (1882–1971), a composer of modern classical music, and footballer Aleksandr Mostovoi.

International relations

Twin towns and sister cities

Lomonosov is twinned with:

References

  1. 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  2. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  3. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 7/10/2015. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.