M4 Western Motorway
| M4 Western Motorway New South Wales | |
|---|---|
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| Aerial view looking east. The former location of the toll plaza can be seen. | |
| General information | |
| Type | Motorway |
| Length | 46 km (29 mi) |
| Opened | 1960s–1993 |
| Route number(s) |
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| Former route number |
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| Major junctions | |
| East end | |
| West end | |
| Location(s) | |
| Major suburbs / towns | Penrith, Blacktown, Parramatta |
| Highway system | |
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Highways in Australia National Highway • Freeways in Australia Highways in New South Wales | |
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The M4 Western Motorway[1][2][3][4] (also known as the M4 Motorway or simply M4) is a motorway in central Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
It was formerly known as F4 Western Freeway. It used to be part of the Sydney Metroad 4 until 2013, when the new M4 route designation was proclaimed along the whole motorway.[5]
History
The M4 Western Motorway was originally constructed in several stages as the F4 Western Freeway between the late 1960s and the mid-1980s, however a lack of funding resulted in the government of Neville Wran halting plans to construct the final stage between Mays Hill and Prospect in 1985. In December 1989 work to construct this stage began as a Build-Own-Operate-Transfer project. In return for funding construction StateWide Roads, the consortium awarded the contract to build the stage, was given permission to toll the section between James Ruse Drive and Silverwater Road as traffic volumes on this section were significantly higher than between Mays Hill-Prospect and would allow a shorter toll period with lower tolls. The concession held by StateWide Roads ended on 15 February 2010, with operation of the motorway returned to the Roads and Traffic Authority and the toll removed.
The Motorway is mostly 6 lanes wide, and carries constant heavy traffic during daylight hours, seven days a week. Built as a four lane motorway, it was widened to six lanes during 1998 to 2000, but this did little to ease the congestion. Widening the motorway any further would probably not help, as without the M4 East extension (see below), the congestion would just move further east, where traffic is deposited onto surface streets at Strathfield.
Originally planned in the mid-1950s to start in the CBD,[6] the eastern section was built only as far west as Pyrmont as part of the North West Expressway, or F3, a freeway that would connect the Sydney and Newcastle central business districts. This section is now part of the Western Distributor. From there it was to have joined with the Western Expressway, the F4, and the Southern Expressway, the F6, in Glebe.[7] At the western end of the Western Freeway as it was known in the late 1960s was to be routed through the Mitchell's Pass area through to Blaxland, however due to protests and the fact that the historical Lennox Bridge was very close to the intended pathway, it was decided to terminate the road at Russell Street Emu Plains until a solution could be later found. This would have bypassed the Lapstone Hill area and avoided the sharp bends as the road enters Glenbrook. In December 1989 the extension of the freeway from Russell St, west to the Gt Western Hwy in the vicinity of Governors Dr would bypass the narrow and winding section of the Gt Western Hwy, including the historic Knapsack Bridge. In June 1993, the new section of freeway between Emu Plains and Lapstone was opened to traffic.
On the basis of a pre-election promise made by the Premier of New South Wales Neville Wran in 1976, all land reserved for the expressway between Pyrmont and the current eastern termination point at Strathfield was sold off to property developers or declassified as a freeway corridor in 1977 by the State Government.
In 2013, the state government announced the intention to implement a 'Managed Motorway' scheme on the M4 over the coming years to improve traffic flow. Mechanisms to be used include improved Variable Message Signs, Ramp Signals (Metering), dynamic speed and incident management, and an upgrade of the Emergency Telephone System.[8]
In November 2015, it was announced that Toll Points would be reinstated on the Motorway from 2017 to cover costs of the upgraded Motorway, M4 East and WestConnex.
Route allocation
When the final section of the M4 (Mays Hill-Prospect section) was opened in 1992, it was allocated Metroad 4. This was the first Metroad to be introduced in Sydney. With the introduction of alphanumeric routes in New South Wales in 2013, Metroad 4 was decommissioned and the entire motorway was allocated the M4 route. The non-motorway section of Metroad 4 was however replaced by A4.
M4 East
The eastern end of the M4 is currently at North Strathfield, some 15 km from Sydney city. Over the years a number of proposals have been made to extend the M4 east towards the city. One plan in the 1990s involved extending the M4 eastwards by approximately five kilometres, so that it would subsequently end in Ashfield and be continuous with the City West Link. Further planned upgrades to the City West Link would mean commuters going west out of the city could get to Parramatta without passing through traffic lights. A subsequent plan outlined a $7 billion plan to link the M4, Victoria Road, City West Link and Sydney Airport using a network of underground tunnels.. Both plans were subsequently shelved, with the NSW state government citing the need for an integrated plan for transport.
In the month prior to the 2011 state election, the NRMA released a report in which it recommended building a tunnel to connect the end of the M4 at Concord and the start of the City West Link, relieving Parramatta Road of enough traffic to convert it into two lanes for slower-moving local traffic, two lanes of light rail and a cycleway.[9] The report argued that this would allow Parramatta Road to be transformed with medium-density housing, shops and cafes and that the $10.04 billion in additional stamp duty and other revenues from this would pay for the $7.38 billion price tag of the project.[10]
The lack of this link is currently causing major problems for any commercial traffic wishing to travel between Port Botany and the many factories and warehouses in the western suburbs. The M5 East does connect directly to Port Botany, but it has chronic congestion problems of its own, and doesn't provide easy access to inner western areas of Sydney. There is so much demand for this link, that traffic not only uses the Parramatta Road corridor, but also several back streets to the north and south, most of which are 2 lane residential streets.[11]
In October 2012, the NSW government announced their commitment to deliver the WestConnex project, involving widening the existing M4 motorway as well as extending it east with a tunnel from North Strathfield to Taverners Hill. The project also involves duplicating the M5 East tunnel and building a new tunnel linking the M4 and M5 motorways.[12] During the 2013 federal election campaign, then Opposition Leader Tony Abbott announced that if his party was elected his government would committ $1.5 billion to the project.
The tender to design and build the M4 East was awarded to Leighton, Samsung and John Holland in June 2015, with a completion date of 2019.
M4–M5 Link
Stage 3 of the WestConnex scheme would see a new motorway connection running from the end of the M4 at Haberfield to connect with the airport and New M5 at St Peters. This section, in the early planning stage, aims to reduce travel times between Western Sydney and Port Botany while removing heavy vehicles from surface streets in the Inner West. This section is due to open to traffic in 2023.[13][14]
Alignment
The first main road west from Sydney was the Great Western Highway, shown above in orange. The County of Cumberland planning scheme provided for a modified route west, much of which was later built as the M4 motorway. At present, the NSW Government proposes to complete the motorway by means of an M4 East tunnel as far east as Wattle Street, with provision for a future tunnel extension to the Anzac Bridge at Victoria Road and the 'new M5' at St Peters.
Exits and Interchanges
See also
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Wikimedia Commons has media related to M4 Western Motorway. |
References
- ↑ Alpha Numeric Implementation Factsheet, Roads and Maritime Services. Retrieved 28 May 2013
- ↑ Western Motorway (M4) Ozroads: the Australian Roads Website. Retrieved on 29 August 2008.
- ↑ Historic Photos, Ozroads: the Australian Roads Website. Retrieved on 29 August 2008.
- ↑ M4 Photos Today, Ozroads: the Australian Roads Website. Retrieved on 29 August 2008.
- ↑ SWR M4 Motorway website, M4 Motorway Website. Retrieved on 29 August 2008.
- ↑ Western Motorway (M4) Construction, Ozroads: the Australian Roads Website. Retrieved on 29 August 2008.
- ↑ Torr, Bradley .The M4 Motorway – a history and exit guide, Geocities. Retrieved on 29 August 2008.
- ↑ Benefits, Features and Tools of a Managed Motorway – Roads and Traffic Authority. Retrieved on 24 October 2013.
- ↑ Boulevard of dreams comes with a hidden cost – Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved on 15 February 2011.
- ↑ New plan to transform Sydney's West – NRMA. Retrieved on 15 February 2011.
- ↑ Joint Press Release with Warren Truss – Tony Abbott's Press Office. Retrieved on 1 July 2012.
- ↑ WestConnext Green Light NSW Government. Retrieved on 24 October 2013
- ↑ Infrastructure New South Wales (2012). "First things first: the state infrastructure strategy 2012–2032" (PDF).
- ↑ http://www.westconnex.com.au/explore_the_route/stage_3/index.html WestConnect Stage 3: M4-M5 Link