Phalodi
| Phalodi | |
|---|---|
| city | |
  Phalodi Location in Rajasthan, India | |
| Coordinates: 27°07′52″N 72°21′50″E / 27.131°N 72.364°ECoordinates: 27°07′52″N 72°21′50″E / 27.131°N 72.364°E | |
| Country |
 India |
| State | Rajasthan |
| Elevation | 225 m (738 ft) |
| Population (2001) | |
| • Total | 44,756 |
| Languages | |
| • Official | Hindi, English, Rajasthani |
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) |
| PIN | 342301 |
Phalodi is a city and a municipality in Jodhpur district in the Indian state of Rajasthan. It is the headquarters for Phalodi tehsil. Phalodi is also called the "salt city" due to the concentration of a large number of salt industries located in the area. Phalodi is in the buffer zone of Thar Desert and often subject to extreme temperature conditions due to arid climate. It holds the record for the highest verified temperature recorded in India at 51 degrees celsius (123.8°F) on 19 May 2016.[1][2]
History
Phalodi was initially called Phalvardhika. In Vikram Samvat 1515, Shri Siddhuji Kalla have founded Phalodi by grass of Shri Maa Latiyal with named as Phalvaridhika, which was later renamed as "Phalodi" at the request of Phala, the widowed daughter of Shri Sidhu Kalla, who gave a generous contribution in cash to build the fort of Phalodi.
It is situated on the Jodhpur-Jaisalmer railway line. It is the second largest town in the district and is also the sub-divisional headquarters. The town is situated at distance of 142 kilometres (90 mi) from Jodhpur. The present population of the town, as per census 2001, is 44,756. A number of Government and semi government offices are situated in the town. Phalodi is surrounded by Bikaner, Nagaur and Jaisalmer Districts. It is well-connected by road and railway. The railway station of the town was established in 1914. National Highway 15 (Pathankot-Kandla) and State Highway No. 2 (Jodhpur- Jaisalmer) pass through the town.
It is well known for the migratory bird "Kurja" (crane). The village Khichan is hardly 4 kilometres (2 mi) away from Phalodi. Bawari Kalan and Bawari Khurd are situated 15 and 18 kilometres (9 and 11 mi) from Phalodi, respectively. The villages of Sevad Rajpurohits spiritual guru's of Rathore Rajput here. There are lots of government servants, businessmen and well-educated engineers spread all over India and even in foreign as well. The town is a prime place for commercial and industrial activity of surrounding hinterlands. Phalodi was established in mid-15th century. In 1488, a Fort was constructed by Hamir Singh, the grandson of Rao Suja. He did a number of developmental works during his period. In 1230, famous Kalyan Raoji's Temple was constructed. The temple of Goddess Latiyal Devi and Shantinath are some of the oldest temples of the town. The Parsnath Jain temple, established in 1847 by the Oswal Jain community, has been made only in stone and does not have any girders or RCC construction. It is made of old Belgium glass. This Jain temple is considered a marvel in architecture (total of 10 Jain temples and 6 dadabadis).
In 1547, Rao Maldeo was the ruler of Phalodi. But in 1578 it was handed over to Rai Singh, the King of Bikaner, by the emperor Akbar. In 1615, it came under the control of Rao Soor Singh of Jodhpur State and thereafter remained a part of the state of Jodhpur.
The stone epigraphical inscriptions in the Kalyanji-Ka- Mandir indicate existence of a town called as Vijay Nagar Patan, which is now known as Phalodi. In 2008 a major renovation was done in the Latiyal Mata Temple, and a silver throne (singhasan) for Latiyal Mata was made.
Phalodi also has a large number of communities living in it. The majority are Pushkarna-pushkarana Brahmins. Small industries flourish in Phalodi. The town is well known for the large number of industries for the production of sodium salt and plaster of Paris. Phalodi is the largest supplier of salt in India.
Climate
The climate of Phalodi is generally hot and semi-arid, but with a rainy season from late June to September (Köppen BShw). Although the average rainfall is around 254 millimetres (10.0 in), it is extraordinarily variable.
Temperatures are extreme throughout the period from March to October, except when monsoonal rain produces thick clouds to lower it slightly. In the months of April, May and June, high temperatures routinely exceed 40 degrees Celsius. During the monsoon season, average temperatures decrease slightly. However, the city's generally low humidity rises and this adds to the normal discomfort from the heat. The highest temperatures recorded in Phalodi during 2016 summers from 18th May to 21st May when it rose up to 51 degrees Celsius.
| Climate data for Jodhpur | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 33.6 (92.5) |
39.5 (103.1) |
43.2 (109.8) |
47.0 (116.6) |
51.0 (123.8) |
49.0 (120.2) |
47.5 (117.5) |
46.0 (114.8) |
45.0 (113) |
43.0 (109.4) |
39.6 (103.3) |
34.0 (93.2) |
51 (123.8) |
| Average high °C (°F) | 22.9 (73.2) |
26.4 (79.5) |
32.2 (90) |
37.5 (99.5) |
41.6 (106.9) |
40.6 (105.1) |
37.0 (98.6) |
34.6 (94.3) |
35.6 (96.1) |
35.3 (95.5) |
30.4 (86.7) |
24.9 (76.8) |
33.25 (91.85) |
| Average low °C (°F) | 6.8 (44.2) |
10.0 (50) |
16.0 (60.8) |
21.8 (71.2) |
26.6 (79.9) |
28.0 (82.4) |
27.1 (80.8) |
25.8 (78.4) |
24.6 (76.3) |
19.8 (67.6) |
13.1 (55.6) |
8.2 (46.8) |
18.98 (66.17) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −3.3 (26.1) |
0.0 (32) |
1.7 (35.1) |
11.4 (52.5) |
13.5 (56.3) |
15.5 (59.9) |
18.0 (64.4) |
18.8 (65.8) |
17.0 (62.6) |
8.9 (48) |
4.0 (39.2) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 3.0 (0.118) |
6.3 (0.248) |
5.8 (0.228) |
8.5 (0.335) |
11.1 (0.437) |
25.7 (1.012) |
94.7 (3.728) |
63.3 (2.492) |
33.4 (1.315) |
1.5 (0.059) |
3.2 (0.126) |
2.3 (0.091) |
258.8 (10.189) |
| Source: IMD (extreme high and lows up to 2010) | |||||||||||||
Transportation
Phalodi Railway Station lies on the Broad Gauge line of the Delhi-Jaisalmer train route. Trains passing through Phalodi include:
- Jaisalmer to Mumbai (Bandra Terminus)
- Bikaner to Jaisalmer
- Delhi to Jaisalmer
- Jodhpur to Jaisalmer.
Phalodi is connected to Jodhpur (135 km or 84 mi south), Bikaner (156 km or 97 mi north), Nagaur (145 km or 90 mi in east) and Jaisalmer (165 km or 103 mi in west). National Highway 15 skirts around Phalodi. Bus services have run continuously from Jodhpur (3 hours) and Bikaner (3 hours). There are a number of cabs or taxis that ferry passengers from these places.
On last Dec-2013, Phalodi/Jaisalmer was directly connected with Mumbai with weekly train, train running from Bandra Terminus(Mumbai) on every Friday on 2:35pm afternoon and it reached Phalodi on 9:35am morning.
Demographics
As of 2001 India census,[3] Phalodi had a population of 44,756. 53% and 47% are male and female respectively. Phalodi has an average literacy rate of 58%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 69%, and female literacy is 46%. In Phalodi, 17% of the population is under 6 years of age.
References
- ↑ "India sets new heat record as temperatures soar". Channel NewsAsia. Retrieved 2016-05-20.
- ↑ "India Records Its Hottest Temperature Ever Amid Heat Wave". NYT. NYC, USA. 20 May 2016. Retrieved 22 May 2016.
- ↑ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. Retrieved 2008-11-01.