Residente

Residente

Residente performing at el Festival Afrocaribeño in 2009.
Background information
Birth name René Pérez Joglar
Born (1978-02-23) February 23, 1978
Hato Rey, San Juan, Puerto Rico
Genres Hip hop, urban
Occupation(s) Vocalist, lyricist
Instruments Vocals
Years active 2004–present
Associated acts Calle 13, Tom Morello, Chad Smith
"Residente" of Calle 13

Residente (born René Pérez Joglar; February 23, 1978) is a Puerto Rican rapper, writer, producer and founder of the alternative rap group Calle 13. He has won 24 Latin Grammy awards in total; making him the Latin artist who has won the most gold-plated gramophones. He studied art for 8 years and has directed some of his own musical videos. His lyrics have earned him the respect of many music colleagues and critics and have even been studied as part of school and university courses. He has been recognized for his social contributions and serves as the face of campaigns for UNICEF and Amnesty International. He has consistently defended education in Latin America and the rights of the natives. In 2009 he referred to the governor of Puerto Rico as an "SOB" for laying off more than 30,000 public employees.[1] In November 2015, Residente received a recognition award in Barcelona due to his commitment to social awareness and for promoting peace.[2]

Early life and education

René Pérez Joglar was born in a hospital in Hato Rey, a sector within the San Juan area. His mother, Flor Joglar de García, is a Puerto Rican actress who was part of the theatrical company called Teatro del 60 (Theater of the 60s). In her student years, she belonged to Juventud Independista Universitaria or JIU (Independent Youth of the University). René's father, Reinaldo Pérez Ramírez, is a labor lawyer, musician and writer. He studied in the Escuela Libre de Música (Free School of Music). When he was 17, together with Louis García, a trombonist and arranger, they founded the band, Latin Tempo. Reinaldo studied Political Science and Law at the University of Puerto Rico with the idea of contributing to the Independence of Puerto Rico. While he was studying Political Science, he became the president of the Juventud Independista Universitaria (JIU). Immediately after he graduated from the School of Law, he founded a law firm dedicated to representing labor unions. In 1978, he traveled to Cuba as a representative of the youth of Puerto Rico and a member of the Partido Socialista Puertorriqueño or PSP (Puerto Rican Socialist Party). In the 1980s, he traveled to Nicaragua during the Sandinista Revolution to show solidarity with other Puerto Ricans.[3]

René grew up in a working middle-class neighborhood in Trujillo Alto with his brothers and mother. He was surrounded by art, music and sports from early life. He taught himself to play the guitar and took saxophone and drum classes. At 12 years old, he was part of the school band as a drummer. Since he was young, his interest for drawing and music was evident, but baseball was always his passion, a sport that he practiced for many years until he finished high school.[4] When he finished school, he had to make the tough decision regarding which path to take and chose the arts. He was admitted to the Escuela de Artes Plásticas (School of Visual Arts) in San Juan, Puerto Rico, where he obtained his Bachelor of Fine Arts degree. He earned a scholarship based on his portfolio and transferred to the Savannah College of Art and Design (SCAD), where he finished his Masters in Fine Arts.

While he was studying in Savannah, René created his alias "Residente Calle 13" to relive some memories from his childhood and during his free time began to write poems and rap songs. When he finished his Masters, he traveled to Barcelona, Spain, with the dream of working there. After failing to find employment, he decided to take film courses because he also loved this form of art. During the time he lived in Spain, he screened a short film he directed while he was a student in the SCAD called S=emp2 or sexo = energía x masa x placer2 (Sex = Energy x Mass x Pleasure2). He presented it in Madrid and won second place in a short film festival of independent films.

When he returned to Puerto Rico, he worked on a variety of art projects. He created illustrations and 3D animations for architects. He also worked as a music video editor. During this period, he started to write again, this time from the capital, Old San Juan. René started to feed his writing with the essence of the boricua (Puerto Rican) life and its lingo. He also connected with the La Perla neighborhood since he lived across from it. All this is reflected in his first album later on. Having reached a better understanding of how and what to write about, René approached his brother, Eduardo Cabra, to help him with the music.

Although many major labels did not pay attention to his music, René continued his search. It was not until one afternoon when René was without food in his refrigerator that he desperately called his brother, Gabriel, who recommended that he present his music to White Lion Records, an independent music company responsible for the success of Tego Calderón. He wrote the song "Tengo Hambre" ("I'm Hungry") during this period. Elias de León, owner of White Lion Records, and his A&R Director, Karly Rosario, were the first visionaries to see René's great potential.

Calle 13

2005

Residente became well known in June 2005 with the single, "Se Vale To-To", which was heard on radio stations in Puerto Rico. In September 2005, due to the assassination of the leader Machetero Filiberto Ojeda Ríos by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, he wrote and recorded the song, "Querido FBI" ("Dear FBI"). The song was released online only 30 hours after the death of Ojeda. "Querido FBI" captured the attention of the press and appeared in the front pages of news outlets. The song would define the social commitment of Residente and Calle 13. It was the first time that a song with highly social content and pro-Independence messages aired on Puerto Rican mainstream radio.[5] In November, Calle 13 released the song "Atrevete-te" to the public. It was the group's first single that achieved international success.[6]

The first album, Calle 13, was released on November 29, 2005. It was praised by Time Magazine and later won three Latin Grammy Awards nominations, resulting in winners in all three categories. In December of the same year, Residente was invited by the Governor of Puerto Rico to join the campaign against Balas al Aire (Bullets In the Air). Residente and his brother, Eduardo Cabra (nicknamed "Visitante") composed "Ley de Gravedad" ("The Law of Gravity").[7] At the same time, The New York Times invited Americans to visit Puerto Rico to have the opportunity to meet "the first intellectual who reached stardom with Reggaeton."[8] His first two songs along with the song, “Suave,” made him well known in Latin America.

2006

The single "Atrevete-te" reached the top hits charts in Colombia and became a radio hit in Mexico, Venezuela, Argentina, Ecuador, Peru and Chile.[9] The Puerto Rican group left its native land for the first time and started to travel in Latin America, performing at concerts and at international award ceremonies. In May of this year, they held their first concert on the island at the Coliseo de Puerto Rico José Miguel Agrelot, where they played all the songs from their first album, including some songs they released for free on the Internet. Residente was invited to collaborate with other artists like Nelly Furtado on the song, "No hay igual", and after his performance on the Premios Juventud (the Hispanic Youth Awards), with Alejandro Sanz on "La Peleíta". They shared the stage with the Argentinean rocker Gustavo Cerati at the Central Park Summerstage in New York. Calle 13 won the Artista Promesa (Promising Artist) award at the Latin American MTV awards. A month later, they won the 3 nominations from the Latin Grammy Awards.[10]

2007

On April 24, they released their second album called Residente o Visitante, which was defined as the darkest, strongest and most obscene that the group had recorded. This album incorporates collaborations with Bajofondo Tango Club and the Argentinean composer, musician and producer, Gustavo Santaolalla, winner of two Oscar awards. The album also includes duets with La Mala Rodriguez, Tego Calderón, contributions from the Venezuelan musician Panasuyo, the Cuban group Orishas, and the Argentinean musician and composer, Vicentico, cofounder and vocalist of the Fabulosos Cadillacs. They also performed for the first time in the Mexican Rock Festival, Vive Latino, and Barcelona's Sonar Festival. During this time, they traveled to Argentina where they had two concerts and their music was very well received. During this year, they were invited to be on the cover of Billboard Magazine. They released on the internet the song, "Tributo a la Policía" ("Tribute to the Police"), which talks about the murder of innocent people by the Puerto Rican Police. They were nominated again for the Latin Grammy Awards and won two of the four nominations and gave a memorable performance with Orishas of the song "Pa'l Norte".

2008

They released their album, Los de atrás vienen conmigo (The Ones In the Back Come With Me), which proved that each album released by Calle 13 has been able to surpass the previous one. Los de atrás vienen conmigo features a fusion of music styles, among them: salsa, Uruguayan candombe, balcánica, electronic and rock. In the first track of the album, "Que lloren" ("Let Them Cry"), Residente strongly critiqued Reggaeton artists for singing songs that did not make any sense. This caused a stir among the genre of Reggaeton. Calle 13 split completely from the musical genre, and this was the first album where they did not utilize that rhythm. Residente also started to express a bigger social commitment. This album included collaborations with Café Tacuba ("No hay nadie como tú") and Rubén Blades ("La Perla").

2009

Residente recorded "Canción para un niño en la Calle" ("Song For A Child In the Street") with Mercedes Sosa, a song that is part of Cantora, the last record of the great Argentinean folkloric singer. Afterwards, Calle 13 performed in the Club Geba of Argentina and took advantage of a euphoric audience to record the video of the song, "Fiesta de Locos" ("Crazy People Party").

On May 2, 2009, Calle 13 performed once again at the Coliseo de Puerto Rico José Miguel Agrelot for the release of their third album Los de Atrás Vienen Conmigo. "In The Heights" playwright Lin-Manuel Miranda was invited to make an appearance after Residente had seen his acceptance speech for Best Original Score at the 62nd Tony Awards.[11][12][13] Backstage, Flor Joglar de Gracia, mother of Residente and little sister ILE, revealed to Miranda their connection to Gilberto Concepción de Gracia, founder of the Puerto Rican Independence Party.[14][15] Miranda and Residente have since confirmed their family relation through social media.[16][17][18][19]

In the month of July, Residente presented his first documentary, Sin mapa (Without a Map), which was televised by MTV. It narrates the group's journey: Residente, Visitante, Gabriel Cabra Jolgar (René and Eduardo's brother), Ismael Cancel (Calle 13's drummer) and Brian Rodríguez (who is in charge of Calle 13's security). They went on a search for the essence of the great Latin American continent. The journey started in Nicaragua and extended through Peru, Venezuela, and Colombia. The documentary highlights different moments of the band’s concerts, like a parenthesis within the adventure of the trip, all of this utilizing the very scarce resources they had at the time. They would later transform these experiences into new lyrics with more social relevance. Sin mapa captures the moment when Calle 13 went from anonymity to, in less than a year, a recognized band in Latin America, which is highlighted in the song "La fokin' moda" ("The Fuckin' Trend"). The album, Los de atrás vienen conmigo, had 5 Latin Grammy Award nominations. Calle 13 won all 5 nominations and during the ceremony gave a live performance with Rubén Blades. Residente was invited to host, alongside Nelly Furtado, the MTV Latin American Awards ceremony. Throughout the evening, he expressed his concerns and that of many of Latin American citizens regarding diverse social and political issues concerning Latin America. He changed in and out of shirts displaying controversial messages that were sent to him by his fans through a well-known social media site.

2010

In March, Calle 13 performed in front of 500,000 people in the Tribuna Antiimperialista de la Habana. A month later, they went back to the Mexican Vive Latino Festival and played in front of 100,000 people, delivering a very successful performance. They also performed in Rock in Rio of Madrid, Spain, in front of 80,000 people and left the people of Madrid asking for more. During this year, Calle 13 released the official video of their song "Calma Pueblo" ("Calm Down, People"), generating great controversy in the media because of its protest lyrics and use of nudity; something in the breath of what photographer Spencer Tunik does with his series of fixed images, which shows that people get used to these types of images, like in paintings and photography, but not when they take on movement or another form. In April, René joined the students of the University of Puerto Rico in their strike, fighting for more accessible quality education. He visited them in their camps, made his support public, and a few days later marched with students and teachers. On November 23, they released their 4th album, Entren los que quieran (Enter Whoever Would Like To). Until now, this has been the most important album in the group's career. The album includes collaborations with Omar Rodríguez (Mars Volta), Totó la Momposina, Susana Baca, Maria Rita and Seun Kuti. With this new musical project, Calle 13 experimented and evolved its style, using more elements of Latin American folklore, Afro-beat, Rock, and Merengue, among others, and expressing a bigger social commitment in its lyrics. Entren los que quieran received 10 Latin Grammy Award nominations and won 9 of them. Their track, "Latinoamérica", became an anthem for the Latin American continent and is considered the most important track of the album.

2011

Calle 13 started the year with three concerts at the Luna Park in Buenos Aires, Argentina, and later went to the Festival de Viña del Mar, Chile, where they performed for the second time, three years after their first appearance. One more time, they won over the Chilean audience giving one of the best shows in the history of the event, where Residente declined to have his performance interrupted to be awarded the well-known statues that they had won, including the Antorcha de Oro (Golden Torch), Gaviota de Plata (Silver Seagull), Gaviota de Oro (Golden Seagull) and Antorcha de Plata (Silver Torch). Residente had the words "Fuerza Mapuche" ("Be strong, Mapuche"), written on his back and shared the stage with Chilean musicians who do not get the proper recognition in Chile. By June of this year, Calle 13 had completed a European tour of about 10 countries, performing 20 concerts in just one month. Afterwards, they visited the Universidad Nacional autónoma de México or UNAM (the Autonomous National University of Mexico) to screen their music video of "Latinoamérica". In November, the band opened the 12th annual Latin Grammy Awards with an arrangement of their song, "Latinoamérica", orchestrated by Alex Berti, directed by Gustavo Dudamel, and performed by the Orquesta Sinfónica Juvenil Simón Bolívar de Venezuela (the Simón Bolívar Symphonic Youth Orchestra of Venezuela) . The same night they won 9 out of the 10 categories for which they were nominated, breaking the record of award wins in the same night. This made them the group with the most Grammy awards won in the history of the Latin Grammy Awards with a total of 19 awards.

2012

During the month of April, René visited the Uruguayan president, Pepe Mujica, to talk about the colonial status of Puerto Rico and obtain the Latin American support for its independence. This initiative started when the Cumbre de la Comunidad Latinoamericana de Estados Latinoamericanos y Caribeños or CELAC (Community of Latin American and Caribbean States) did not include Puerto Rico due to its colonial status. In May, Calle 13 released the video, "La Vuelta al Mundo" ("Around The World"), directed by Juan José Campanella. A month later, the president of Argentina, Cristina Fernández de Kirshner, received René in her office at la Casa Rosada (the Pink House) to talk about the colonial status of Puerto Rico. This was in response to a formal petition that he made on May 28, 2012, requesting an audience. In the letter to the dignitary, the artist addressed it "on behalf of all the Puerto Ricans that have fought for its independence, the ones that are in jail because of this, the ones that have lost their lives in the middle of the fight and all of us that continue with their legacy". This meeting was the second one that he had with a President for this purpose. At the end of May, Calle 13 finished their trip around Mexico with a powerful performance that is estimated to have had 60,000 in attendance at the Wirikuta Fest in the Foro Sol of Mexico City. Residente had a message drawn on his back that said, "Yo soy 132" ("I am 132"), in support of the movement of the same name. The group, formed by college students, had raised its voice in protest of the Puerto Rican media to persuade it to broadcast information with truthfulness and integrity, without hiding or distorting any information. Residente surprised his fans with the unexpected appearance of Zack de la Rocha (Rage Against the Machine). The Mexican-American vocalist and social activist known for his work in favor of undocumented immigrants joined Residente during his performance of "Calma Pueblo". During de la Rocha's appearance on stage, Residente sent a message to all of Latin America that what happens in Wirikuta happens all over the continent; "What belongs to us cannot be touched, cannot be sold, because united people will never be defeated." On June 1, Residente went to the Escuela de Periodismo y Comunicación Social de la Universidad de la Plata or UNLP (the School of Social Communication and Journalism of the National University of La Plata) in Argentina to receive the Rodolfo Walsh award given to the Puerto Rican group for its support of communication and popular culture. After leaving this important event, he visited Unit 33 in the women's jail in Los Hornos, an institution that has more than 300 female prisoners, many of them pregnant and others with children of ages ranging from newborns to 4 years old. This was in response to an email invitation. At the end of June, René joined Tom Morello (Rage Against The Machine) and Chad Smith (The Red Hot Chili Peppers) in collaboration with the New York rock band Outernational for the song, "Todos Somos Ilegales" ("We Are All Illegal"), in support of the undocumented immigrants in United States. The video release coincided with the Supreme Court decision to uphold the most disputed part of the Arizona's anti-immigrant law, SB-1070, which requires police to determine the immigration status of someone arrested or detained when there is "a reasonable suspicion" they are not in the U.S. legally. On July 13, Calle 13 performed in front of 7,000 fans in Prospect Park in Brooklyn as part of the Latin America Alternative Music Conference (LAMC) in New York. The general consensus was that Prospect Park had never been so full of people for a concert; as a matter of fact, 5,000 had stayed outside of the park listening to and enjoying the concert. The day before, Calle 13 participated in a long interview with Gabriel Abaroa, President and CEO of the Latin Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences.

They continued their European tour performing in different countries, playing 20 concerts in 30 days. They participated in the rock festival Maquinaria Fest together with well-known rock bands, among them Deftones, Marilyn Manson, Kiss and Slayer. In Spain, the group offered a 20% discount to all unemployed spectators. This was done in Santiago de Compostela, Madrid, Barcelona, and Cadíz. In November, they released their music video worldwide called, "La Bala" ("The Bullet"), the last track of the album Entren los que quieran, done with the support of UNICEF and Amnesty International. The video was recorded in 10 countries under the direction of Simon Brand and with the collaboration of 12 directors from around the world. Afterwards, they performed in the city of La Plata, Argentina, in front of 150,000 fans. In December, they played a concert at the Palacio de los Deportes (the Sports Palace) in Mexico City. This was the first time that the Puerto Rican group performed alone in that venue. The group performed in front of 16,000 fans who sang along with all of the songs. Calle 13 closed their tour of Entren los que quieran in Puerto Rico with a historic concert. After being censured on the Island for 3 years, the band performed in front of 30,000 people and broke attendance records for open concerts on the Island.

2013

During the summer of 2013, Calle 13 composed the song "Me vieron cruzar" ("They Saw Me Cross"), for the animated 3D movie, Metegol (Underdogs), of renowned Argentinean director, Juan José Campanella. This was the first time the band composed a song for a movie. In June, René had a surprise encounter with Julian Assange, founder of Wikileaks, an asylee for two years at the Ecuadorian Embassy in London. They not only had several days of conversations, but during the second day that Residente was in London, they had a Twitcam through his official account @Residente that was translated and uploaded to the @WikiLeaks Twitter account while it was being transmitted live from the Ecuadorian Embassy in London. In November, Calle 13 released "Multi Viral", a song created with the collaboration of Julian Assange. The song protested the manipulation, censure, and hiding of information by the media. The song was published in the "lyrics video" format in Calle 13's YouTube channel, elvecindariocalle13, and could be streamed for free from SoundCloud. "Multi Viral" also had the participation of Tom Morello, one of the best guitar players of all time and the Israeli-Palestinian composer and singer, Kamilya Jubran. Just a month later, they released their first unofficial single, "MultiViral". The Puerto Rican band was in the news again with the release of the music video "Homónimo", which was recorded in Bethlehem and Beit Sahour in Palestine. One of the locations in the video was an Israeli wall that is strongly guarded and has security cameras every 100 feet.

2014

On February 18, Calle 13 released their first official single, "El Aguante" ("Endurance"). The song, written and performed by Residente, was composed and musically produced by Visitante. On February 25, Calle 13 performed for free in front of more than 50,000 people in a concert in the Ciudad Universitaria Rio Piedras (University City Rio Piedras), which is part of the capital of Puerto Rico, San Juan. The concert was given in front of the main entrance of the University of Puerto Rico. The place was selected as a reference to the need to promote education as a fundamental instrument for the development of a better society that promotes the eradication of violence and puts a stop to the decline of the human rights and values. On March 1, the band started their MultiViral tour in the Ferro Stadium of Argentina in front of 20,000 people. During their Latin American tour, Residente started an awareness movement for Oscar López Rivera, a political prisoner in Puerto Rico who has been imprisoned for more than 32 years for seditious conspiracy, a made-up crime created to imprison him, as he was never found guilty of any crime. This was a crime of thought because López Rivera wanted to fight against the colonization. As part of their protest, the band invited the audience to turn on their cell phones or any other kind of electronic device with light on it as an act of complaint calling for the release of López Rivera. The pictures of those moments were included in their social media, including on their Twitter account, where they tagged the account of the President of the United States, @BarackObama.

Five days later, they published their second music video, "Adentro" ("Inside"), which was recorded in Arizona, La Barriada Morales in Caguas, Puerto Rico, and in La Cantera Roca Dura in Manatí, Puerto Rico. This video has the participation of legendary baseball star and U.S. hall of famer, Willie Mays. On November 22, Calle 13 performed in the Palacio de los Deportes (the Sports Palace) in Mexico City. Two months before the show, 43 Ayotzinapa college students had been kidnapped and went missing in Iguala, Mexico. René was touched by the story and met some friends and relatives of the missing students. During the Palacio de los Deportes concert, Residente invited a few family members of the missing students to talk on the stage, which resulted in more than 15,000 people demanding justice for the missing. In December, the group performed in the Hiram Bithron Stadium of Puerto Rico, where they played in front of 35,000 people. René took advantage of the opportunity to invite to the stage the daughter of the political prisoner Oscar López Rivera to say a few words in front of the audience.

2015

At the beginning of June, before starting a new European tour, Residente announced that he was working on a new project. After a successful European tour, René traveled to Russia, Siberia, and China to work on his new album.

Social work, education and recognition

Humanitarian efforts

Commitment to education

Residente has been a strong fighter in favor of Latin American education, joining protest marches in Puerto Rico, Chile, Colombia and the Dominican Republic, among others.

In November 2011, during the Latin Grammy Awards, René wore a T-shirt that read "Educación Pública, gratuita para Puerto Rico, Chile, Colombia y República Dominicana" ("Free, public education for Puerto Rico, Chile, Colombia, and the Dominican Republic").[31]

Recognition

June 2012: Rodolfo Walsh Award, awarded by the School of Journalism of the National University of La Plata for his contributions to communication and popular culture.[33]

September 2012: Emisarios de Conciencia (Emissaries of Awareness), awarded by Amnesty International for his social commitment and identification with the Latin American youth.[34]

Discography

Main article: Calle 13 discography
With Calle 13

Compositions

Filmography

Awards and nominations

Grammy Awards

Year Nominee/work Award Result
2008 Residente o Visitante Best Latin Urban Album Won
2010 Los de Atras Vienen Conmigo Best Latin Urban Album Won
2012 Entren Los Que Quieran Best Latin Pop, Rock or Urban Album Won

Latin Grammy Awards

Year Nominee/work Award Result
2006 Calle 13 Best New Artist Won
Calle 13 Best Urban Music Album Won
"Atrévete-te-te" Best Short Form Music Video Won
2007 Residente o Visitante Album of the Year Won
Residiente o Visitante Best Urban Music Album Won
"Pa'l Norte" (feat Orishas) Best Urban Song Won
"Tango del Pecado" Best Short Form Music Video Won
2009 Los de Atrás Vienen Conmigo Album of the Year Won
Los de Atrás Vienen Conmigo Best Urban Music Album Won
"No Hay Nadie Como Tu" (featuring Café Tacuba) Record of the Year Won
"No Hay Nadie Como Tu" (featuring Café Tacuba) Best Alternative Song Won
"La Perla" (featuring Rubén Blades) Best Short Form Music Video Won
2011 Entren Los Que Quieran Album of the Year Won
Entren Los Que Quieran Best Urban Music Album Won
"Latinoamérica" (featuring Totó la Momposina, Susana Baca and Maria Rita) Record of the Year Won
"Latinoamérica" Song of the Year Won
Shakira's "Sale el Sol" (Composer) Album of the Year Nominated
Best Pop Vocal Album Won
"Calma Pueblo" Best Alternative Song Won
"Baile de los Pobres" (featuring Rafa Arcaute) Best Urban Song Won
"Vamo' a Portarnos Mal" Best Tropical Song Won
Rafael Arcaute and Calle 13 Producer of the Year Won
"Calma Pueblo" Best Short Form Music Video Won

Billboard Latin Music Awards

Year Nominee/work Award Result
2007Calle 13 Best Reggaeton Album Won
2009"No Hay Nadie Como Tu" Hot Latin Song of the Year Vocal Duet or Collaboration Won

Los Premios MTV Latinoamérica

Year Nominee/work Award Result
2006 Calle 13 Promising Artist Won
2007 Calle 13 Best Urban Artist Won
2009 Calle 13 Best Urban Artist Won

Instituto Cubano de la Música

Year Nominee/work Award Result
2010 Calle 13 Premio Internacional Cubadiscom Won

Ateneo Puertorriqueño

Year Nominee/work Award Result
2011 Calle 13 Medalla Ramón Emeterio Betances Won

References

  1. ↑ http://www.latinomusiccafe.com/2009/10/22/calle-13-wrong-insulting-puerto-rico-governor/
  2. ↑ http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/calle-13s-rene-perez-receives-nobel-peace-summit-award_564c9edae4b045bf3df1e1dc
  3. ↑ http://www.elperiodico.com/es/noticias/ocio-y-cultura/rene-perez-joglar-puerto-rico-naces-estas-politica-3370661
  4. ↑ http://www.elnuevodia.com/deportes/otrosdeportes/nota/orgullosoreneperezdecampanaparalospanamericanos-2034038/
  5. ↑ http://observer.com/2014/06/songwriter-who-wrote-fbi-is-in-trouble-honored-at-gracie-mansion/
  6. ↑ http://www.adendi.com/archivo.asp?num=22549&year=2005&month=7&keyword=Calle%2013
  7. ↑ http://www.adendi.com/archivo.asp?num=42195&year=2005&month=12&keyword=Calle%2013
  8. ↑ http://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/29/travel/29hours.html?pagewanted=all&_r=2&
  9. ↑ http://edant.clarin.com/suplementos/si/2007/05/04/3-01411693.htm
  10. ↑ https://books.google.com.pr/books?id=6g0EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA55&lpg=PA55&dq=calle+13+out+of+nowhere+billboard&source=bl&ots=GFjNwAmXVq&sig=95eF-Pz9a_vkhmr00Buj3mcBy14&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CBwQ6AEwAGoVChMI4eSMxrngyAIVRJQeCh0D7gOY#v=onepage&q=calle%2013%20out%20of%20nowhere%20billboard&f=false
  11. ↑ https://vimeo.com/4462482
  12. ↑ https://www.flickr.com/photos/calle13_oficial/3502774735
  13. ↑ https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=eI6icWf6CB8
  14. ↑ http://www.nbcnews.com/news/latino/lin-manuel-miranda-s-puerto-rican-town-crisis-worries-family-n565371
  15. ↑ https://vanesabaerga.wordpress.com/2013/06/27/lin-manuel-miranda-a-paso-firme-en-las-alturas/
  16. ↑ https://twitter.com/lin_manuel/status/595335614427463680
  17. ↑ https://twitter.com/lin_manuel/status/695110152106725376
  18. ↑ https://instagram.com/p/BBXtVLVLaB4/
  19. ↑ https://twitter.com/lin_manuel/status/119507380508704768
  20. ↑ http://espacioculturalborda.blogspot.com/2011/05/semiyero-rock-solidario-calle-13-y.html
  21. ↑ http://remezcla.com/music/calle-13-performs-jimmy-kimmel-live-music-video/
  22. ↑ http://www.unicef.org/spanish/media/media_62000.html
  23. ↑ http://www.laprensagrafica.com/fama/espectaculos/230727-calle-13-en-el-salvador-a-cambio-de-arroz-y-frijoles-para-afectados-por-lluvias.html
  24. ↑ http://www.peopleenespanol.com/article/calle-13-recolecta-casi-50000-libras-de-comida-para-los-mexicanos
  25. ↑ http://mexico.cnn.com/entretenimiento/2012/05/27/el-wirikuta-fest-se-transforma-en-un-llamado-de-justicia-para-mexico
  26. ↑ http://www.primerahora.com/entretenimiento/musica/nota/calle13almuerzaconelgobernadorenlafortaleza-992470/
  27. ↑ http://www.elnuevodia.com/noticias/locales/nota/renereuneaestrellasensolidaridadconestudiantes-694696/
  28. ↑ http://www.cubadebate.cu/noticias/2010/05/14/aumentan-las-tensiones-en-la-huelga-de-los-estudiantes-puertorriquenos-videos/#.VikscypViko
  29. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kMNe8jZQOCg
  30. ↑ http://www.latercera.com/noticia/educacion/2011/09/657-391047-9-calle-13-se-reunira-esta-tarde-con-estudiantes-de-la-u-de-chile.shtml
  31. ↑ http://www.diariolibre.com/revista/calle-13-hace-historia-en-los-latin-grammy-DKDL312607
  32. ↑ http://www.primerahora.com/entretenimiento/musica/nota/calle13recibemedallaramonemeteriobetancesdelateneopuertorriqueno-595231/
  33. ↑ http://www.letrap.com.ar/nota/2012-6-2-premio-rodolfo-walsh-a-calle-13-la-verdad-esta-en-sus-manos
  34. ↑ http://www.elnuevodia.com/entretenimiento/musica/nota/calle13esreconocidoporamnistiainternacional-1349293/

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