Struthionidae

Struthionids Temporal range: Eocene-Holocene 40–0 Ma PreЄ Є O S D C P T J K Pg N
Ostrich (Struthio camelus), male and female
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Struthioniformes Latham, 1790
Family:	Struthionidae Vigors, 1825[1]
Type species
Struthio camelus Linnaeus, 1758
Genera
†Orientornis †Palaeotis Struthio

Struthionidae is a family of flightless ratite birds which first appeared during the Eocene epoch. It is today represented by the sole living genus Struthio, but also contains several extinct genera.^[2] Traditionally the order Struthioniformes contained the world's ratites, but recent genetic analysis has found that the group is not monophletyic, as it paraphyletic in respect to the tinamous.^[3][4]

Taxonomy

Struthionidae^[5][6][7] (ostriches)

• †Palaeotis weigelti Lambrecht 1928 [Palaeogrus geiseltalensis Lambrecht 1935; Ornitocnemus geiseltalensis (Lambrecht 1935) Brodkorb 1967] (middle Eocene)
• †Orientornis linxiaensis (Hou et al. 2005) Wang 2008 [Struthio linxiaensis Hou et al. 2005]
• Struthio Linnaeus 1758 [Palaeostruthio Burchak-Abramovich 1953; Struthiolithus Brandt 1873; (Pachystruthio) Kretzoi 1954a] (Early Miocene – Recent)
  • †S. anderssoni Lowe 1931 [ootaxa]
  • †S. chersonensis Brandt 1873 [Struthiolithus chersonensis Brandt 1873 [ootaxa]; Struthio novorossicus Alekseev 1916; Struthio brachydactylus Burchak-Abramovich 1949; Palaeostruthio sternatus Burchak-Abramovich 1953; Struthio (Pachystruthio) pannonicus Kretzoi 1954a; Struthiolithus alexejevi Roščin, 1962 [ootaxa]; Struthiolithus adzalycensis Roščin, 1962 [ootaxa]; Struthio orlovi Kuročkin & Lungo 1970]
  • †S. daberasensis Pickford, Senut & Dauphin 1995 [Struthiolithus chersonensis Brandt 1873 [ootaxa]]
  • †S. kakesiensis Harrison & Msuya 2005 [ootaxa]
  • †S. karingarabensis Senut, Dauphin & Pickford 1998 [ootaxa]
  • †S. mongolicus [ootaxa] (Inner Mongolia)
  • †S. asiaticus Brodkorb 1863 [Struthio indicus (Bidwell 1910)] (Asian ostrich)
  • †S. coppensi Mourer-Chauviré et al. 1996
  • †S. dmanisensis Burchak-Abramovich & Vekua 1990
  • †S. karatheodoris Forsyth Major 1888
  • †S. oldawayi Lowe 1933
  • †S. wimani Lowe 1931
  • †S. transcaucasicus Burchak-Abramovich & Vekua 1971
  • S. molybdophanes Reichenow 1883 [Struthio camelus molybdophanes Reichenow 1883] (Somali ostrich)
  • S. camelus Linnaeus 1758 [Avis struthio]
    • S. c. australis (Gurney 1868) [Struthio australis Gurney 1868; Struthio camelus meridionalis] (South African ostrich)
    • †S. c. syriacus Rothschild 1919 (Arabian ostrich)
    • S. c. camelus Linnaeus 1758 [Struthio camelus rothschildi Grant & Mackworth-Praed 1951] (North African ostrich)
    • S. c. massaicus (Neumann 1898) [Struthio massaicus Neumann 1898] (Masai Ostrich)

References

1. Brands, Sheila (14 Aug 2008). "Taxon: Genus Struthio". Project: The Taxonomicon. Retrieved 12 Jun 2012.
2. Mayr, G. (2009). Paleogene fossil birds. Springer.
3. Hackett, S.J. et al. (2008) A Phylogenomic Study of Birds Reveals Their Evolutionary History. Science, 320, 1763.
4. Yuri, T. (2013) Parsimony and model-based analyses of indels in avian nuclear genes reveal congruent and incongruent phylogenetic signals. Biology, 2:419–44.
5. Mikko's Phylogeny Archive Haaramo, Mikko (2007). "Paleognathia - paleognathous modern birds". Retrieved 30 December 2015.
6. Paleofile.com (net, info) . "Taxonomic lists- Aves". Retrieved 30 December 2015.
7. English Names of Birds Çınar, Ümüt (November 2015). "01 → Pᴀʟᴇᴏɢɴᴀᴛʜᴀᴇ : Sᴛʀᴜᴛʜɪᴏɴɪfᴏʀᴍᴇs, Rʜᴇɪfᴏʀᴍᴇs, Cᴀsᴜᴀʀɪɪfᴏʀᴍᴇs, Aᴘᴛᴇʀʏɢɪfᴏʀᴍᴇs, Aᴇᴘʏᴏʀɴɪᴛʜɪfᴏʀᴍᴇs, Dɪɴᴏʀɴɪᴛʜɪfᴏʀᴍᴇs, Lɪᴛʜᴏʀɴɪᴛʜɪfᴏʀᴍᴇs, Tɪɴᴀᴍɪfᴏʀᴍᴇs & Rᴇfᴇʀᴇɴᴄᴇs". Retrieved 30 December 2015.