Terrel Bell

For other people with the same name, see Terrell Bell (disambiguation).

Terrel Bell


2nd United States Secretary of Education
In office January 22, 1981 – January 20, 1985
President	Ronald Reagan
Preceded by	Shirley Hufstedler
Succeeded by	Bill Bennett
United States Commissioner of Education
In office June 1974 – July 1976
President	Richard Nixon Gerald Ford
Preceded by	John Ottina
Succeeded by	Edward Aguirre
Personal details
Born	Terrel Howard Bell (1921-11-11)November 11, 1921 Lava Hot Springs, Idaho, U.S.
Died	June 22, 1996(1996-06-22) (aged 74) Salt Lake City, Utah, U.S.
Political party	Republican
Spouse(s)	Betty Fitzgerald
Children	Mark Warren Glenn Peter
Alma mater	Idaho State University University of Idaho, Moscow University of Utah
Religion	The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
Military service
Allegiance	United States
Service/branch	United States Marine Corps
Rank	Sergeant
Battles/wars	World War II

Terrel Howard Bell (November 11, 1921 – June 22, 1996) was the Secretary of Education in the Cabinet of President Ronald Reagan.

Early life and career

Bell was born in Lava Hot Springs, Idaho, on November 11, 1921. When Bell was eight years old, his father died.^[1] Bell graduated from the Albion State Normal School in Idaho. After this he served as a school superintendent of various schools in Idaho and Wyoming.

Bell spent much of his professional career in Utah. He served as a sergeant in the Marines during World War II and returned to Idaho to get his education. After earning a B.A. from the Southern Idaho College of Education in Albion in 1946, Bell started a career as a high school teacher and bus driver.

On August 1, 1957, Bell married the former Betty Ruth Fitzgerald, with whom he had four sons: Mark F., Warren T., Glenn M. and Peter F. Bell. He later earned an M.A. from the University of Idaho in 1954, and a Ph.D. in education from the University of Utah in 1961. Bell was also the served as Utah Commissioner of Higher Education. He was the superintendent of Weber School District in Utah from 1958-1962.

National Commissioner of Education

Bell served as the United States Commissioner of Education (prior to the creation of the cabinet position) under Presidents Nixon and Ford from 1974 to 1976.

U.S. Secretary of Education

Appointed to the Reagan cabinet, Bell was expected to preside over the dismantling of the Department of Education, but he ran into the legal requirement that such a dismantling required legislation. He was well-known, admired, and respected in education circles, having risen from high school teacher through college professor to administrative positions. Bell stood out as a humble man in an administration of moneyed people—he drove a U-Haul truck from Utah to Washington when he moved.

In 1981, Bell convinced Reagan to appoint a commission to study excellence in education. The 1983 report of the National Commission on Excellence in Education, titled A Nation at Risk, started the drive for education reform with its conclusions, which included the claim that the nation was threatened by "a rising tide of mediocrity."^[2]

Resignation and later life

Though education's importance was highlighted by the reform drive, Reagan continued to try to reduce funding at the Department of Education. Bell served for Reagan's first term, resigning in January 1985. He returned to Utah, and joined the faculty at the University of Utah. In 1988, he published his memoir entitled The Thirteenth Man: A Reagan Cabinet Memoir.

Bell published seven other books during his career, covering topics such as improving child intellectual development and reforming the educational process. His last book in 1993, written with his business partner Dr. Donna Elmquist at his nonprofit company T.H. Bell and Associates in Salt Lake City, made new recommendations for improving the US education system.

"There are three things to emphasize in teaching: The first is motivation, the second is motivation, and the third is (you guessed it) motivation." Terrel H. Bell, U.S. Secretary of Education, 1981–1985 (Bell, 1995)

Bell died of pulmonary fibrosis in Salt Lake City, Utah, on June 22, 1996. He is interred in Larkin Sunset Gardens in Sandy, Utah.

Terrel H. Bell Award

The Department of Education gives an award named after Bell to recognize "outstanding school leaders and the vital role they play in overcoming challenging circumstances." On November 3, 2009 the award was given to eight U.S. public school principals. Concurrent with the award, the Department issued a press release which stated, "The late Secretary Terrel H. Bell held education as his highest priority, trusting that all students would find it their personal key to success as he had."^[3]

Note of interest

As the last member of the cabinet to be appointed, Bell was often designated to stay at home during the State of the Union Address and other functions, to succeed to the presidency if all others in the chain of succession were incapacitated.

References

"Secretary of Education: Terrel H. Bell (1981 - 1984)". Essays on Ronald Wilson Reagan and His Administration. Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Retrieved 2007-04-22.
The World Almanac 1997, Obituaries, p. 74.

↑ Encyclopedia of Latter-day Saint History - Bell, Terrel H
↑ A Nation at Risk. National Commission on Excellence in Education. April 1983.
↑ "Terrel Bell Award for Outstanding School Leadership Presented to Eight Principals" (Press release). U.S. Department of Education. November 3, 2009. Retrieved March 3, 2010.

Political offices
Preceded by John Ottina	United States Commissioner of Education 1974–1976	Succeeded by Edward Aguirre
Preceded by Shirley Hufstedler	United States Secretary of Education 1981–1985	Succeeded by Bill Bennett

United States Secretaries of Education

Hufstedler Bell Bennett Cavazos Alexander Riley Paige Spellings Duncan King DeVos (Nominee)

Cabinet of President Ronald Reagan (1981–89)

Cabinet

Secretary of State	Alexander M. Haig Jr. (1981–82) George P. Shultz (1982–89)

Secretary of the Treasury	Donald T. Regan (1981–85) James A. Baker (1985–88) Nicholas F. Brady (1988–89)

Secretary of Defense	Caspar W. Weinberger (1981–87) Frank C. Carlucci (1987–89)

Attorney General	William French Smith (1981–85) Edwin Meese (1985–88) Richard L. Thornburgh (1988–89)

Secretary of the Interior	James G. Watt (1981–83) William P. Clark (1983–85) Donald P. Hodel (1985–89)

Secretary of Agriculture	John R. Block (1981–86) Richard E. Lyng (1986–89)

Secretary of Commerce	Malcolm Baldrige (1981–87) C. William Verity (1987–89)

Secretary of Labor	Raymond J. Donovan (1981–85) William E. Brock III (1985–87) Ann Dore McLaughlin (1987–89)

Secretary of Health and Human Services	Richard S. Schweiker (1981–83) Margaret M. Heckler (1983–85) Otis R. Bowen (1985–89)

Secretary of Housing and Urban Development	Samuel R. Pierce (1981–89)

Secretary of Transportation	Drew Lewis (1981–83) Elizabeth H. Dole (1983–87) James H. Burnley IV (1987–89)

Secretary of Energy	James B. Edwards (1981–83) Donald P. Hodel (1983–85) John S. Herrington (1985–89)

Secretary of Education	Terrel H. Bell (1981–85) William J. Bennett (1985–88) Lauro F. Cavazos (1988–89)

Cabinet-level

Vice President	George H. W. Bush (1981–89)

White House Chief of Staff	James A. Baker (1981–85) Donald T. Regan (1985–87) Howard H. Baker Jr. (1987–88) Kenneth M. Duberstein (1988–89)

Director of the Office of Management and Budget	David Stockman (1981–85) James C. Miller III (1985–88) Joseph R. Wright Jr. (1988–89)

Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency	Anne M. Gorsuch (1981–83) William D. Ruckelshaus (1983–85) Lee M. Thomas (1985–89)

Director of Central Intelligence	William J. Casey (1981–87) William H. Webster (1987–89)

Ambassador to the United Nations	Jeane Kirkpatrick (1981–85) Vernon A. Walters (1985–89)

Trade Representative	William E. Brock III (1981–85) Clayton K. Yeutter (1985–89)

Chairperson of the Council of Economic Advisers	Murray L. Weidenbaum (1981–82) Martin S. Feldstein (1982–84) Beryl W. Sprinkel (1985–89)

Authority control	WorldCat Identities VIAF: 108703575 LCCN: n50006794 GND: 118850164

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