Lualaba River

The Lualaba River, in red

The Lualaba River flows entirely within the eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. It is the greatest river source (headstream) of the Congo River by volume of water. The Lualaba is 1,800 kilometres (1,100 mi) long. Its headwaters are in the country's far southeastern corner near Musofi and Lubumbashi in Katanga Province, next to Zambia. The Chambeshi River is the longest river source (headstream) of the Congo.

Geography

The origination of the Lualaba River is on the Katanga Plateau, at an elevation of 1,400 metres (4,600 ft) above sea level. Its total course flows northward to end near Kisangani, where the name Congo River officially begins.

From the Katanga Plateau it drops, with waterfalls and rapids marking the descent, to the Manika Plateau. As it descends through the upper Kamalondo Trough (Upemba Depression), 457 metres (1,499 ft) in 72 kilometres (45 mi), near Nzilo Falls it is dammed for hydroelectric power at Nzilo Dam.

At Bukama in Haut-Lomami District the river becomes navigable for about 640 kilometres (400 mi) through a series of marshy lakes in the lower Upemba Depression, including Lake Upemba and Lake Kisale.

Ankoro lies on the west bank of the Lualaba River, opposite its confluence with the Luvua River from the east. Some geographers call the combined river below this point the "Upper Congo".^[1]

Below Kongolo, the river becomes unnavigable as it enters the narrow gorge of Portes d'Enfer (Gates of Hell). Between Kasongo and Kibombo, the river is navigable for about 100 kilometres (62 mi), before rapids make it unnavigable again at Kindu-Port-Empain. The Boyoma Falls (Stanley Falls) are made up of seven cataracts, over a stretch of 100 kilometres (62 mi) of the river, between Ubundu and Kisangani. The river's end is marked after the seventh cataract, near Kisangani, where its name becomes the Congo River.

Parks

The Lualaba River serves as the northern and western boundary of Upemba National Park, protecting habitats on the Kibara Plateau in Katanga Province of the southeastern Democratic Republic of Congo.

Tributaries

The largest tributaries of the Lualaba River (hence the Congo River), are the:

• Ulindi River
• Luama River
• Lukuga River — drains Lake Tanganyika.
• Lufira River
• Lubudi River
• Luvua River
• Elila River

Towns

Towns along and near the Lualaba River include:

• Ankoro —on west bank, opposite confluence with Luvua River.
• Bukama
• Kabalo
• Kasongo
• Kongolo
• Kisangani — near the seventh cataract of Boyoma Falls.
• Ubundu — just above first cataract of Boyoma Falls.

History

The black line indicates Stanley's route.

The Lualaba River was once considered a possible source of the Nile, until Henry Morton Stanley journeyed down it and proved that it drained into the Atlantic Ocean.^[2] Stanley himself referred to it as the Livingstone. "Had not Livingstone spoken of the river at Nyangwe as the Lualaba, I should not have mentioned the word except as a corruption by the Waguha of the Wenya term Lu-al-ow-wa..."^[2]:114,135

French colonial governor Pierre Savorgnan de Brazza also explored the Lualaba.

References

1. Day, Trevor; Garratt, Richard (2006). "Congo (Zaire) River". Lakes and rivers. Infobase Publishing. ISBN 0-8160-5328-6.
2. Stanley, H.M., 1899, Through the Dark Continent, London: G. Newnes, Vol. One ISBN 0486256677, Vol. Two ISBN 0486256685

Sources

• Maria Petringa, Brazza, A Life for Africa. Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse, 2006. ISBN 978-1-4259-1198-0Coordinates: 2°8′52″N 22°28′55″E / 2.14778°N 22.48194°E

External links