Wincanton

Wincanton
Wincanton High Street
Wincanton  Wincanton shown within Somerset
Population	5,272 (2011)[1]
OS grid reference	ST712286
District	South Somerset
Shire county	Somerset
Region	South West
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	WINCANTON
Postcode district	BA9
Dialling code	01963
Police	Avon and Somerset
Fire	Devon and Somerset
Ambulance	South Western
EU Parliament	South West England
UK Parliament	Somerton and Frome
List of places UK England Somerset

Coordinates: 51°03′21″N 2°24′37″W / 51.0559°N 2.4102°W

Wincanton is a small town and electoral ward in South Somerset, southwest England. The town lies off the A303 road, a main route between London and South West England, and has some light industry. The town and electoral ward has a population of 5,272.^[1]

History

Windmill Hill was the site of a Bronze Age Beaker culture burial, and contemporary artefacts have been found on the Selwood Ridge.^[2]

Prior to the Norman Conquest Wincanton was frequently the scene of battles between the Britons, Danes and Saxons.^[3] During the reign of Edmund Ironside, the English, under his command, defeated the Danes, forcing them to leave England.^[4]

In the Domesday Book the name of the town was spelled as "Wincaleton", thought to mean "Pleasant town on the Cale".^[5] Cockroad Wood Castle, which is now in the parish of Charlton Musgrove, was a motte and bailey castle, probably built after the Norman conquest of England of 1066.^[6] The castle sits close to the contemporary Norman castles of Ballands and Castle Orchard, and may have been built as part of a system of fortifications to control the surrounding area. By 1086 the surrounding land was held by Walter of Douai, although no documentary evidence of the castle remains.^[7]

The parish of Wincanton was part of the Norton Ferris Hundred.^[8]

Wincanton was probably the site of a market in the medieval period but did not gain a market and fair charter until 1556.^[9]

The town was the scene of one of the few armed skirmishes in England during the Revolution of 1688. A troop of Horse Guards under Patrick Sarsfield, loyal to James II, defeated an advance party of troops fighting for William of Orange, on 20 November 1688.^[10] A great part of the town was destroyed by fires in the years 1707 and 1747.^[5][11]

In the early 19th century Wincanton was a depot for French officers, during the Napoleonic Wars.^[12]

By 2010 there had been an influx of foreign nationals, especially Portuguese and Polish citizens.^[13]

Governance

Wincanton is within the area of Somerset County Council and the Non-metropolitan district of South Somerset, with its own town council.^[14] The town council has responsibility for local issues, including setting an annual precept (local rate) to cover the council's operating costs and producing annual accounts for public scrutiny. The town council evaluates local planning applications and works with the local police, district council officers, and neighbourhood watch groups on matters of crime, security, and traffic; their role also includes initiating projects for the maintenance and repair of parish facilities, as well as consulting with the district council on the maintenance, repair, and improvement of highways, drainage, footpaths, public transport, and street cleaning. Conservation matters (including trees and listed buildings) and environmental issues are also the responsibility of the council.

The South Somerset district council is responsible for local planning and building control, local roads, council housing, environmental health, markets and fairs, refuse collection and recycling, cemeteries and crematoria, leisure services, parks, and tourism. Somerset County Council is responsible for running the largest and most expensive local services such as education, social services, the library, roads, public transport, trading standards and waste disposal.

It is part of Somerton and Frome, a constituency of the House of Commons. The current member of parliament is the conservative politician David Warburton. Residents of Wincanton also form part of the electorate for the South West England constituency for elections to the European Parliament, which elects six MEPs using the d'Hondt method of party-list proportional representation.^[15]

Services

Memorial Hall

Wincanton Fire Station

Wincanton Community Hospital in Dancing Lane was formerly known as Verrington Hospital and in March 2015 had 28 beds on two wards plus intermediate care unit.^[16][17] It opened as an Isolation Hospital in September 1910 for patients with Scarlet Fever.^[18]

The Balsam Centre is a Healthy Living Centre and also a Children's Centre for Wincanton and South East Somerset.^[19]

The (War) Memorial Hall, which opened on 9 January 1959, has a stage as well as facilities for dancing or for seating 250. It also has a separate committee room that can seat 50.

Fire, police and ambulance services are provided jointly with other authorities through the Devon and Somerset Fire and Rescue Service, Avon and Somerset Constabulary and the South Western Ambulance Service.

Geography

Wincanton is situated on the northeast edge of Blackmore Vale, 12 miles (19 km) northeast of Yeovil, and 10 miles (16 km) northwest of Shaftesbury on the extreme southeast of Somerset close to the borders of Dorset and Wiltshire.

Climate

Along with the rest of South West England, Wincanton has a temperate climate which is generally wetter and milder than the rest of the country. The annual mean temperature is about 10 °C (50 °F); due to the modifying effect of the sea the range is less than in most other parts of the UK. January is the coldest month with mean minimum temperatures between 1 °C (34 °F) and 2 °C (36 °F). July and August are the warmest months in the region with mean daily maxima around 21 °C (70 °F).^[20]

The southwest of England has a favoured location with respect to the Azores high pressure when it extends its influence northeastwards towards the UK, particularly in summer. Convective cloud often forms inland however, especially near hills, reducing the number of hours of sunshine. The average annual sunshine totals around 1,600 hours.^[20]

Rainfall tends to be associated with Atlantic depressions or with convection. The Atlantic depressions are more vigorous in autumn and winter and most of the rain which falls in those seasons in the southwest is from this source. Average rainfall is about 725 millimetres (28.5 in). November to March have the highest mean wind speeds, with June to August having the lightest winds. The predominant wind direction is from the southwest.^[20]

Economy

In the late 1890s the West Surrey Central Dairy Company purchased a local creamery. In 1908, after developing a dried milk baby powder, it changed its name to Cow & Gate. The creamery and dairy products factory had its own sidings from the Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway station, providing access for milk trains.

In order to cope with the transport problems across its quickly expanding creamery, milk bottling and doorstep delivery network, Cow & Gate formed a dedicated logistics arm in 1920. Spun out in 2002 from successor company Unigate, Wincanton PLC is the UK's second largest logistics company. The company still has a dairy products base in the town, although its head office function moved to Chippenham, Wiltshire in 2005.^[21]

In 1999, Unigate sold its remaining dairies to Dairy Crest, which still has a creamery and milk processing plant in the town, but has sold the cheese business to Adams Foods Ltd., producer of the Pilgrim's Choice brand of Cheddar cheese, in 2010 the second best selling brand in the UK.^[22]

Landmarks

The Dogs (also called The Old House) was built around 1650, and was reshaped internally by Nathaniel Ireson in 1740-50. It is a grade I listed building.^[23]

Transport

The town had a railway station on the Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway but this closed on 7 March 1966.^[24]

The town is north of the A303 road, one of the main routes between London and South West England.

The nearest railway station is in neighbouring Gillingham, Dorset. Trains run on the Exeter to Waterloo line.

Education

Primary education, up to the age of 11 is offered by Wincanton Primary School and Our Lady of Mount Carmel Catholic Primary School.^[25] The history of Wincanton Primary began in 1833 when an appeal was launched to provide a National school in Wincanton and after a number of difficulties the school was built in North Street in 1838, although this had very few pupils. A school board was formed in 1871 and opened a school in the former National school buildings with over 200 pupils. In 1875 there were 206 children attending. In 1894 the board raised money for a new school to accommodate 445 children, which opened in South Street in 1897.^[26]

Wincanton has one secondary school, King Arthur's Community School, which is Somerset's first specialist Sports College.^[27]

The Balsam Centre is a Healthy Living Centre and also a Children's Centre.^[28] Since 2005 it has received grants for the re-fitting of the training kitchen and construction and refurbishment to create a dedicated teaching area, counselling and interview rooms and a studio space for physical and community activities.^[29]

Religious sites

Church of St Peter and St Paul

The Church of St Peter and St Paul was almost totally rebuilt in 1887-91 by J. D. Sedding; however, parts of the tower may be remnants of an earlier church, dating from 1313, on the same site.^[30] In 1793 the tower was raised by 12 feet (4 m) making it 50 feet (15 m) high; five bells were cast and a sixth added. The additional carving and north porch were added in subsequent years.^[31] The churchyard includes a self-designed monument to the local architect Nathaniel Ireson who died in 1796.^[32] Because of the state of the roofs, which are under repair, the church is included on the Heritage at Risk register.^[33]

The Roman Catholic Church and Presbytery of St Luke and St Teresa was built in 1881 by the priest/architect A.J.C Scoles.^[34]

There are also places of worship for Pentecostals, Methodists, Baptists and Quakers in the town.^[35]

Culture

Wincanton Museum is a small local museum in the High Street which closed in 2010.

The cartoonist Tony Weare was born in Wincanton.^[36]

Sports

Wincanton Racecourse

The town gives its name to Wincanton Racecourse which is in the neighbouring parish of Charlton Musgrove.

Wincanton has a Non-League football club Wincanton Town F.C. who play at the Wincanton Sports Ground on Moor Lane.^[37] The Sports Ground in Moor Lane also provides facilities for tennis and bowls.^[5]

Wincanton Sports Centre was opened in 2001,^[38] funded by a National Lottery grant.^[5]

The cricket club, which plays in the recreation ground, has two Saturday teams and a Sunday team.^[39]

The rugby union club plays at King Arthur's Community School in the town. In 2010 they won the Dorset & Wilts division of the English Rugby Union South West Division.^[40]

Twinning

The town sign of Wincanton, showing twinned towns.

Wincanton is unusual in that it was twinned in 2002 with a town which can only be found in fiction. As well as with Gennes / Les Rosiers in France and Lahnau in Germany, Wincanton is twinned with Ankh-Morpork,^[5] a fictional city state near the Circle Sea on Terry Pratchett's Discworld.^[41] On 5 April 2009, a number of roads were retitled with names taken from Ankh-Morpork, such as Peach Pie Street and Treacle Mine Road,^[42] after a short-list was voted upon by fans.^[43] There are shops in the town selling Discworld-related goods.^[44] In 2015 the Uncle Tom's Cabin pub unveiled a sign by Discworld illustrator Richard Kingston referencing The Mended Drum. Pratchett and Kingston were regulars.^[45]

References

1. "Statistics for Wards, LSOAs and Parishes — SUMMARY Profiles" (Excel). Somerset Intelligence. Retrieved 4 January 2014.
2. "Wincanton". A History of the County of Somerset: Volume 7:. British History Online. Retrieved 16 October 2008.
3. "Wincanton". Victoria County Histories. British History Online. Retrieved 15 March 2009.
4. "Wincanton". Somerset Guide. Retrieved 15 March 2009.
5. "About Wincanton". Wincanton Town Council. Retrieved 16 October 2008.
6. Creighton, Oliver Hamilton. (2005) Castles and Landscapes: Power, Community and Fortification in Medieval England. London: Equinox. ISBN 978-1-904768-67-8. p.62.
7. Motte and Bailey Castle, Cockroad Wood, Charlton Musgrove, Somerset County Historic Environmental Record, accessed 18 July 2011.
8. "Somerset Hundreds". GENUKI. Retrieved 18 October 2011.
9. Richardson, Miranda. "Wincanton" (PDF). Somerset Urban Archaeological Survey. Somerset County Council. Retrieved 2 February 2010.
10. http://www.oxforddnb.com/patricksarsfield. Retrieved 12 December 2013
11. Havinden, Michael (1982). The Somerset Landscape. The making of the English landscape. London: Hodder and Stoughton. p. 139. ISBN 0-340-20116-9.
12. "Outline History of the Town". Wincanton Museum and History Society. Retrieved 25 July 2011.
13. "South Somerset District Council Highly Rated by the Audit Commission". Wincanton Window. Retrieved 12 November 2010.
14. "Town Council's Role". Wincanton Town Council. Retrieved 16 October 2008.
15. "UK MEPs for the South West". European Parliament UK Office. Archived from the original on 17 December 2007. Retrieved 11 January 2008.
16. "Wincanton Community Hospital". Somerset Community Health. Retrieved 25 July 2011.
17. "WCH". Retrieved 22 March 2015.
18. "Fete to celebrate hospital centenary". This is Somerset. Retrieved 25 July 2011.
19. "Balsam Centre". Balsam Centre. Retrieved 5 October 2010.
20. "About south-west England". Met Office. Retrieved 22 March 2010.
21. "History & Business". Wincanton Plc. Retrieved 5 October 2010.
22. "New look and new products for UK's Number two cheddar cheese brand". The Grocery Trader. Retrieved 12 November 2010.
23. "The Dogs". Images of England. English Heritage. Retrieved 16 October 2008.
24. "Wincanton". Somerset & Dorset joint Railway. Retrieved 5 October 2010.
25. "Education". Local Authority Publishing. Retrieved 17 October 2008.
26. "Wincanton". A History of the County of Somerset: Volume 7: Bruton, Horethorne and Norton Ferris Hundreds pp. 208-232. 1999. Retrieved 8 December 2008.
27. "Prospectus" (PDF). King Arthur's Community School. p. 15. Retrieved 25 July 2011.
28. "The Balsam Centre". The Balsam Centre. Retrieved 14 May 2010.
29. "Balsam Project". Somerset Rural Renaissance. Retrieved 14 May 2010.
30. "Church of St Peter and St Paul". Images of England. English Heritage. Retrieved 16 October 2008.
31. "Stroll around Wincanton". Local Authority Publishing. Retrieved 17 October 2008.
32. "The Nathaniel Ireson Monument". Somerset Historic Environment Record. Somerset County Council. Retrieved 17 October 2008.
33. "St Peter and St Paul, Church Street, Wincanton — South Somerset". Heritage at Risk. English Heritage. Retrieved 19 October 2013.
34. "Roman Catholic Church and Presbytery of St Luke and St Teresa, Wincanton". Somerset Historic Environment Record. Somerset County Council. Retrieved 17 October 2008.
35. "Churches". Wincanton Town Council. Retrieved 17 January 2016.
36. "Obituaries: Tony Weare". London: The Independent. 20 December 1994. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
37. "The Ground — Wincanton Town Football Club, Somerset". Wincantontownfc.com. Retrieved 2013-07-24.
38. "About Us". Wincanton Sports Centre. Retrieved 30 September 2010.
39. "Wincanton CC". Play Cricket. Retrieved 25 July 2011.
40. "Wincanton Rugby". Wincanton Rugby. Retrieved 25 July 2011.
41. "Pratchett city twins with real town". BBC News. 6 December 2002.
42. "Roads named after Discworld books". BBC Online. 5 April 2009.
43. I Name This Street... - alt.fan.pratchett.announce - Google Groups
44. "Terry Pratchett's Discworld comes alive in Wincanton! (From This is The West Country)". Thisisthewestcountry.co.uk. 2009-04-08. Retrieved 2013-07-24.
45. "Terry Pratchett pub sign unveiled in Wincanton". BBC. 22 March 2015. Retrieved 22 March 2015. “Both men were regulars. They used to come here after creative meetings at the Discworld Emporium a few doors down the street,” said Mr Yateman [the landlord].

External links

• Wincanton at DMOZ