1946 in literature

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This article presents lists of the literary events and publications in 1946.

Events

• January – Launch in the United Kingdom of Penguin Classics under the editorship of E. V. Rieu, whose translation of the Odyssey is the first published in the series^[1] and will be the country's best-selling book over the next decade.^[2]
• January 5 – Estonian writer Jaan Kross is arrested and imprisoned by the occupying Soviet authorities.
• February – Poet Ezra Pound, brought back to the United States on treason charges, is found unfit to face trial because of insanity and sent to St. Elizabeths Hospital in Washington, D.C., where he remains for 12 years.
• May 20 – W. H. Auden becomes a United States citizen.^[3]
• May 22 – George Orwell leaves London to spend much of the next 18 months on the Scottish island of Jura, working on his novel Nineteen Eighty-Four (known at an earlier stage in its composition as The Last Man in Europe). This year his Animal Farm becomes book of the year in the United States.
• August 18 – Assamese poet Amulya Barua is killed aged 24 in communal violence while studying at the University of Calcutta; his only collection of poems, Achina ("The Stranger"), is published posthumously.
• October 1 – English première of J. B. Priestley's drama An Inspector Calls (set in 1912) at the New Theatre, London, starring Ralph Richardson.^[4]
• October 9 – Broadway première of Eugene O'Neill's drama The Iceman Cometh (set in 1912) at the Martin Beck Theatre, New York City.
• November 7 – Walker Percy marries Mary Bernice Townsend.
• November 8 – Christopher Isherwood becomes a United States citizen.
• December 18
  • Brendan Behan is released from internment in the Republic of Ireland under an amnesty.
  • Damon Runyon's ashes are scattered over New York City from an airplane piloted by Eddie Rickenbacker.
• December 23 – Giovannino Guareschi publishes the first story about the priest Don Camillo in his magazine Candido.
• December 26 – David Lean's film of Great Expectations is released in England.
• Publisher August Aimé Balkema produces his first book in South Africa, Vyjtig Gedigte by the poet C. Louis Leipoldt.^[5]
• American writer and theologian Frederick Buechner resumes his Bachelor of Arts degree at Princeton University following war service.

New books

Fiction

• Jorge Amado – Seara Vermelha
• Miguel Ángel Asturias – El Señor Presidente
• René Barjavel – The Tragic Innocents
• Simone de Beauvoir – All Men are Mortal (Tous les hommes sont mortels)
• Algernon Blackwood – The Doll and One Other
• Jorge Luis Borges – Deutsches Requiem
• Ivan Bunin – Dark Avenues («Тёмные аллеи», Tyomnyye allei, short stories, complete edition)
• John Dickson Carr
  • He Who Whispers
  • My Late Wives (as by Carter Dickson)
• Adolfo Bioy Casares and Silvina Ocampo – Los que aman, odian (Those Who Love, Hate)
• Agatha Christie – The Hollow
• A. E. Coppard – Fearful Pleasures
• Edmund Crispin – The Moving Toyshop
• Kenneth Fearing – The Big Clock
• Adonias Filho – Os servos da morte
• Errol Flynn – Showdown
• Pat Frank – Mr. Adam
• Carlo Emilio Gadda – That Awful Mess on Via Merulana (Quer pasticciaccio brutto de via Merulana, serial publication)
• Stella Gibbons – Westwood
• William Lindsay Gresham – Nightmare Alley
• Ruth Guimarães – Água Funda (Deep Water, in Paraíba Valley dialect of Brazilian Portuguese)
• João Guimarães Rosa – Sagarana
• Thomas Heggen – Mister Roberts
• Raymond J. Healy and J. Francis McComas, editors – Adventures in Time and Space
• George Wylie Henderson – Jule
• William Hope Hodgson – The House on the Borderland and Other Novels
• Robert E. Howard – Skull-Face and Others
• Christopher Isherwood – The Berlin Stories
• Cläre Jung – Aus der Tiefe rufe ich
• Nikos Kazantzakis – Zorba the Greek (Βίος και Πολιτεία του Αλέξη Ζορμπά, Life and Times of Alexis Zorbas)
• Arthur Koestler – Thieves in the Night
• Philip Larkin – Jill
• Lois Lenski – Strawberry Girl
• Frank Belknap Long – The Hounds of Tindalos
• W. Somerset Maugham – Then and Now
• Carson McCullers – Member of the Wedding
• Oscar Micheaux – The Story of Dorothy Stanfield
• Mervyn Peake – Titus Groan (first of the Gormenghast series)
• Ann Lane Petty – The Street
• Isaac Rosenfeld – Passage from Home
• Anya Seton – The Turquoise
• Rex Stout – The Silent Speaker
• Phoebe Atwood Taylor
  • The Asey Mayo Trio
  • Punch with Care
• Charles Tazewell – The Littlest Angel
• Gore Vidal – Williwaw
• A. E. van Vogt – Slan
• Boris Vian
  • I Spit on Your Graves (J'irai cracher sur vos tombes, as Vernon Sullivan)
  • Vercoquin and the Plankton (Vercoquin et le plancton)
• H. Russell Wakefield – The Clock Strikes Twelve
• Mervyn Wall – The Unfortunate Fursey
• Robert Penn Warren – All the King's Men
• Eudora Welty – Delta Wedding
• Henry S. Whitehead – West India Lights
• Kiichirō Yamate – Momotarō-zamurai (桃太郎侍)
• Ivan Yefremov – The Land of Foam («На краю Ойкумены», Na krayu Oikumeny, At the edge of infinity)
• Seishi Yokomizo – The Murder in the Honjin (本陣殺人事件, Honjin satsujin jiken)

Children and young adults

• W. V. Awdry – Thomas the Tank Engine
• Carolyn Sherwin Bailey – Miss Hickory
• Nancy Barnes – Wonderful Year
• Enid Blyton – First Term at Malory Towers
• Godfried Bomans
  • De Avonturen van Pa Pinkelman (The Adventures of Pa Pinkelman)
  • Sprookjes (in English as The Wily Wizard and the Wicked Witch and other weird stories)
• Jan Brzechwa – Academy of Mr. Kleks (Akademia Pana Kleksa, 1946)
• Gertrude Crampton – Scuffy the Tugboat
• C. S. Forester – Lord Hornblower
• Elizabeth Goudge – The Little White Horse
• Graham Greene – The Little Train
• Racey Helps – Footprints in the Snow
• Tove Jansson – Comet in Moominland (Kometjakten / Mumintrollet på kometjakt / Kometen kommer)
• Madeleine L'Engle – Ilsa
• Astrid Lindgren – Pippi Goes on Board
• Sheila Stuart – Alison's Highland Holiday (first in the Alison series of 15 books)
• Ivy Wallace – Pookie (first in the Pookie series of ten books)
• T. H. White – Mistress Masham's Repose

Drama

• Jean Cocteau – L'Aigle à deux têtes
• Eduardo De Filippo
  • Filumena Marturano
  • Questi fantasmi (All these ghosts)
• Christopher Fry – A Phoenix Too Frequent (verse)
• Ewan MacColl – Uranium 235
• Donagh MacDonagh – Happy as Larry
• Robert McLeish – The Gorbals Story
• Eugene O'Neill – The Iceman Cometh
• Terence Rattigan – The Winslow Boy
• Nelson Rodrigues – Álbum de família
• Carl Zuckmayer – Des Teufels General (The Devil's General)

Poetry

• Elizabeth Bishop – North & South
• Josef Čapek – Básně z koncentračního tabora (Poems from a Concentration Camp; published posthumously)
• William Carlos Williams – Paterson, Book One

Non-fiction

• Marc Bloch – L'Étrange défaite: Témoignage écrit en 1940 (Strange Defeat: a Statement of Evidence Written in 1940; published posthumously)
• Cleanth Brooks – The Well Wrought Urn: Studies in the Structure of Poetry
• R. G. Collingwood – The Idea of History (posthumously collected lectures)
• John Stewart Collis – While Following the Plough
• Jean Genet – Miracle de la rose
• Jens Müller – Tre kom tilbake (Three Came Back)
• George Orwell – Critical Essays
• Jean-Paul Sartre – Existentialism and Humanism (L'Existentialisme est un humanisme)
• Benjamin Spock – The Common Sense Book of Baby and Child Care
• Władysław Szpilman (as told to Jerzy Waldorff) – Śmierć miasta ("Death of a City", later translated as The Pianist)
• Paramahansa Yogananda – Autobiography of a Yogi

Births

• January 4 – Lisa Appignanesi Polish-born author and academic
• January 21 – Gretel Ehrlich, American travel writer, poet and essayist
• February 25 – Franz Xaver Kroetz, German dramatist
• March 1 – Jim Crace, English author
• March 5 – Mem Fox (Merrion Frances Partridge), Australian children's writer
• April 2 – Sue Townsend, English comic novelist and playwright (died 2014)
• May 8 – Ruth Padel, English poet and author
• May 11 – Valerie Grove, English journalist and author
• May 12 – L. Neil Smith, American author and activist
• July 28 – Fahmida Riaz, Pakistani writer
• August 1 – Paul Torday, English novelist (died 2013)
• August 2 – James Howe, American journalist and author of juvenile fiction
• August 29 – Leona Gom, Canadian poet and novelist
• September 26 – Andrea Dworkin, American writer and activist
• October 1 – Tim O'Brien, American novelist
• October 20 – Elfriede Jelinek, Austrian novelist and Nobel laureate
• October 28 – Sharon Thesen, Canadian poet
• November 7 – Diane Francis, Canadian journalist and author
• November 18 – Alan Dean Foster, American science fiction author
• December 4 – Maria Antònia Oliver Cabrer, Majorca-born Spanish Catalan fiction writer
• December 11 – Ellen Meloy, American nature writer
• Unknown date – John Birtwhistle, English poet and librettist

Deaths

• February 11 – John Langalibalele Dube, South African Zulu writer (born 1871)
• March 1 – Adriana Porter, Canadian Wiccan poet (born 1857)
• March 19 – Catherine Carswell, Scottish novelist and biographer (born 1879)
• March 20 – Henry Handel Richardson (Ethel Florence Lindesay Richardson), Australian novelist (born 1870)
• April 1 – Edward Sheldon, American dramatist (born 1886)
• April 11 – Dem. Theodorescu, Romanian novelist and journalist (born 1888)
• May 19 – Booth Tarkington, American novelist and dramatist (born 1869)
• May 20 – Jane Findlater, Scottish novelist (born 1866)
• May 25 – Ernest Rhys, English writer and book series editor of Welsh extraction (born 1859)
• June 6 – Gerhart Hauptmann, German dramatist, novelist and poet, winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature (born 1862)
• July 8 – Orrick Glenday Johns, American poet and playwright (born 1887)
• July 22 – Edward Sperling, Russian-born American humorist (killed by bomb, born 1889)
• July 27 – Gertrude Stein, American novelist, poet and dramatist (born 1874)
• July 30 – Nikolai Alexandrovich Morozov, Russian poet and revolutionary (born 1854)
• August 13 – H. G. Wells, English novelist (born 1866)
• August 18 – Marion Angus, Scottish poet in Braid Scots and English (born 1865)
• August 31 – Harley Granville-Barker, English actor, dramatist and critic (born 1877)
• September 9 – Violet Jacob, Scottish historical novelist and poet (born 1863)
• September 26 – William Strunk, Jr., American professor of English (born 1869)
• November 14 – May Sinclair, English novelist (born 1863)
• December 10 – Damon Runyon, American short-story writer (born 1880)
• December 17 – Constance Garnett, English translator of Russian literature (born 1861)
• December 23 – Ellen Marriage, English translator of Balzac (born 1865)

Awards

• Carnegie Medal for children's literature: Elizabeth Goudge, The Little White Horse
• James Tait Black Memorial Prize for fiction: Oliver Onions, Poor Man's Tapestry
• James Tait Black Memorial Prize for biography: Richard Aldington, Wellington
• Newbery Medal for children's literature: Lois Lenski, Strawberry Girl
• Nobel Prize for literature: Hermann Hesse
• Premio Nadal: José María Gironella, Un hombre
• Prix Goncourt: Jean-Jacques Gautier, Histoire d'un fait divers
• Pulitzer Prize for Drama: Russel Crouse, Howard Lindsay, State of the Union
• Pulitzer Prize for Poetry: no award given
• Pulitzer Prize for the Novel: no award given

References

1. "Penguin Classics in translation". Penguin Archive Project. University of Bristol. 2009-08-17. Retrieved 2011-08-21.
2. Sutherland, John (24 January 2005). "Pick up a Penguin?". The Guardian. London. p. 5.
3. "May 20, 1946: W.H. Auden becomes a U.S. citizen". This Day In History. History. Retrieved 2013-09-03.
4. Ellis, Samantha (7 May 2003). "JB Priestley's An Inspector Calls, October 1946". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 2011-07-18.
5. "August Aime Balkema", South African History Online; extracted from Human, K. (1999) “August Aime Balkema”, They Shaped our Century: The Most Influential South Africans of the Twentieth Century, Human & Rousseau, pp.442-445.