Angolan kwanza

This article is about the currency kwanza. For the river in Angola, see Cuanza River. For the American holiday, see Kwanzaa.

Angolan kwanza
ISO 4217
Code	AOA
Denominations
Subunit
1/100	cêntimo
Symbol	Kz
Banknotes	10, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1,000, 2,000, 5,000 kwanzas
Coins
Freq. used	1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100 kwanzas
Rarely used	10, 50 cêntimos
Demographics
User(s)	Angola
Issuance
Central bank	Banco Nacional de Angola
Website	www.bna.ao
Valuation
Inflation	35%
Source	The World Factbook, 2009 est.

The kwanza (sign: Kz; ISO 4217 code: AOA) is the currency of Angola. Four different currencies using the name kwanza have circulated since 1977.

Overview

Start date	Finish date	ISO 4217	Currency unit	Subunit	Notes
000000001977-01-08-00008 Jan 1977	000000001990-09-24-000024 Sep 1990	`AOK`	Kwanza	100 lwei	1 kwanza = 1 Angolan escudo
000000001990-09-25-000025 Sep 1990	000000001995-06-30-000030 Jun 1995	`AON`	Novo kwanza	none	1 novo kwanza = 1 kwanza
000000001995-07-01-00001 Jul 1995	000000001999-11-30-000030 Nov 1999	`AOR`	Kwanza reajustado	none	1 kwanza reajustado = 1000 novos kwanzas
000000001999-12-01-00001 Dec 1999	000000002016-12-01-0000present	`AOA`	Kwanza	100 cêntimos	1 kwanza = 1,000,000 kwanzas reajustados

First Kwanza, AOK, 1975-1990

Kwanza was introduced following Angolan independence. It replaced the escudo at par and was subdivided into 100 lwei. Its ISO 4217 code was AOK.

Coins

The first coins issued for the kwanza currency did not bear any date of issue, although all bore the date of independence, "11 de Novembro de 1975". They were in denominations of 50 lwei, 1, 2, 5 and 10 kwanzas. 20 kwanza coins were added in 1978. The last date to appear on these coins was 1979.

Banknotes

On 8 January 1977, banknotes dated 11 DE NOVEMBRO DE 1975 were introduced by the Banco Nacional de Angola (National Bank of Angola) in denominations of 20, 50, 100, 500, and 1000 kwanzas.^[1] The 20 kwanza note was replaced by a coin in 1978.

Novo kwanza, AON, 1990-1995

In 1990, the novo kwanza was introduced, with the ISO 4217 code AON. Although it replaced the kwanza at par, Angolans could only exchange 5% of all old notes for new ones; they had to exchange the rest for government securities. This kwanza suffered from high inflation.

Banknotes

This currency was only issued in note form. The first banknotes issued in 1990 were overprints on earlier notes in denominations of 50 (report not confirmed), 500, 1000 and 5000 novos kwanzas (5000 novos kwanzas overprinted on 100 kwanzas). In 1991, the word novo was dropped from the issue of regular banknotes for 100, 500, 1000, 5000, 10,000, 50,000, 100,000 and 500,000 kwanzas.

Kwanza reajustado, AOR, 1995-1999

In 1995, the kwanza reajustado replaced the previous kwanza at a rate of 1,000 to 1. It had the ISO 4217 code AOR. The inflation continued and no coins were issued.

Banknotes

Despite the exchange rate, such was the low value of the old kwanza that the smallest denomination of banknote issued was 1000 kwanza reajustado. Other notes were 5,000, 10,000, 50,000, 100,000, 500,000, 1,000,000 and 5,000,000 kwanzas.

Second kwanza, AOA, 1999-

In 1999, a second currency was introduced simply called the kwanza. It replaced the kwanza reajustado at a rate of 1,000,000 to 1. Unlike the first kwanza, this currency is subdivided into 100 cêntimos. The introduction of this currency saw the reintroduction of coins. Although it suffered early on from high inflation, its value has now stabilized.

Coins

Coins
Value	Technical parameters			Description			Date of first minting
Value	Diameter	Mass	Composition	Edge	Obverse	Reverse	Date of first minting
10 cêntimos	15 mm	1.5 g	Copper plated steel	Plain	State title, Coat of arms, year	Value	1999
50 cêntimos	18 mm	3 g	Copper plated steel	Plain	State title, Coat of arms, year	Value	1999
1 kwanza	21 mm	4.5 g	Cupronickel	Reeded	State title, Coat of arms, year	Value	1999
2 kwanzas	22 mm	5 g
5 kwanzas	26 mm	7 g
For table standards, see the coin specification table.

Coins in 10 and 50 cêntimo denominations are no longer used, as the values are minuscule.

Coins
Value	Technical parameters			Description			Date of first minting
Value	Diameter	Mass	Composition	Edge	Obverse	Reverse	Date of first minting
50 cêntimos	20.6 mm	3.8 g	Copper-nickel plated steel	Plain	State title, Coat of arms, year	Value	2012
1 kwanza	22.1 mm	5.0 g	Brass plated steel	Plain
5 kwanzas	25 mm	7.0 g	Bi-metallic nickel-brass centre in copper-nickel ring	Reeded
10 kwanzas	27 mm	8.0 g	Bi-metallic copper-nickel centre in nickel-brass ring	Reeded
20 kwanzas	28 mm	11.64 g	Bi-metallic steel centre in brass ring	Interrupted reeded			2014
50 kwanzas	? mm	? g	Copper-nickel	Plain	40 years of independence		2015
100 kwanzas	? mm	? g	Brass	Plain	40 years of independence
For table standards, see the coin specification table.

During 2012-14, new coins were introduced in denominations of 50 cêntimos, 1, 5, 10 and 20 kwanzas.

Banknotes

Banknotes of the Angolan Kwanza (1999 series)
Image		Value	Main Colour	Description			Date of
Obverse	Reverse	Value	Main Colour	Obverse	Reverse	Watermark	printing	issue
		1 kwanza	Pink	Agostinho Neto and José Eduardo dos Santos	Women picking cotton	Sculpture	October 1999	1 December 1999
		5 kwanzas	Light green		Serra da Leba
		10 kwanzas	Red		2 antelopes
		50 kwanzas	Lime		Off-shore oil rig
		100 kwanzas	Yellow-brown		Banco Nacional de Angola
		200 kwanzas	Lilac		Aerial view of Luanda		November 2003	19 July 2004
		500 kwanzas	Orange		Cotton
		1000 kwanzas	Rose		Coffee plantation
		2000 kwanzas	Lime		Sea shore			2006
For table standards, see the banknote specification table.

The banknotes are quite similar in design, with only different colours separating them.

The Banco National de Angola issued a new series of kwanza banknotes on March 22, 2013 in denominations of 50, 100, 200 and 500 kwanzas. The other denominations (1000, 2000 and 5000 kwanzas) were issued on May 31, 2013.^[2]^[3]

Historical exchange rates

This table shows the historical value of one U.S. dollar in Angola kwanzas:

Date	Currency code and Name	Rate
1994	AON novo kwanza	34,200 to 850,000
January to June 1995	AON novo kwanza	1,000,000 to 2,100,000
1 July 1995		1000 AON → 1 AOR (kwanza reajustado)
July to December 1995	AOR kwanza reajustado	2,100 to 13,000
1996	AOR kwanza reajustado	13,000 to 210,000 to 194,000
1997	AOR kwanza reajustado	194,000 to 253,300
1998	AOR kwanza reajustado	253,300 to 594,000
1999	AOR kwanza reajustado	594,000 to 5,400,000
1 December 1999		1 million AOR → 1 AOA (kwanza)
2000	AOA kwanza	5.4 to 16.3
2001	AOA kwanza	16.3 to 31.12
2002	AOA kwanza	31.12 to 57.47
2003	AOA kwanza	57.47 to 86.88 to 78.61
2004	AOA kwanza	78.61 to 85.90
2005	AOA kwanza	85.90 to 88.97 to 80.58
2006	AOA kwanza	80.58 to 89.01 to 80.57
2007	AOA kwanza	80.57 to 74.78 to 75.16
2008	AOA kwanza	75.16 to -

On several occasions during the 1990s, Angola's currency was the least valued currency unit in the world.

Current AOA exchange rates
From Google Finance:	AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD INR CNY KRW
From Yahoo! Finance:	AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD INR CNY KRW
From XE:	AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD INR CNY KRW
From OANDA:	AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD INR CNY KRW
From fxtop.com:	AUD CAD CHF EUR GBP HKD JPY USD INR CNY KRW

Production

The Angolan kwanza banknotes have been produced by De La Rue in England.

References

↑ Linzmayer, Owen (2012). "Angola". The Banknote Book. San Francisco, CA: www.BanknoteNews.com.
↑ Angola new 50-, 100-, 200-, and 500-kwanza notes confirmed BanknoteNews.com. April 11, 2013. Retrieved on 2013-04-11.
↑ Angola new 1,000-, 2,000-, and 5,000-kwanza notes confirmed BanknoteNews.com. June 24, 2013. Retrieved on 2013-06-27.

External links

Coin Types from Angola Lists, pictures, and values of Angola coin types
Collection of coin - Angola
New Angola coin family for 2013

Kwanza
Preceded by: Angolan escudo Reason: independence (in 1975) Ratio: at par	Currency of Angola 1977 – 1990	Succeeded by: Novo kwanza Reason: government seized part of the money supply Ratio: at par (see article for more detail)

Novo kwanza
Preceded by: Kwanza Reason: government seized part of the money supply Ratio: at par (see article for more detail)	Currency of Angola 1990 – 1995	Succeeded by: Kwanza reajustado Reason: inflation Ratio: 1 kwanza reajustado = 1000 novos kwanzas

Kwanza reajustado
Preceded by: Novo kwanza Reason: inflation Ratio: 1 kwanza reajustado = 1000 novos kwanzas	Currency of Angola 1995 – 1999	Succeeded by: Kwanza Reason: inflation Ratio: 1 kwanza = 1,000,000 kwanzas reajustados

Kwanza
Preceded by: Kwanza reajustado Reason: inflation Ratio: 1 kwanza = 1,000,000 kwanzas reajustados	Currency of Angola 1999 –	Succeeded by: Current

Economy of Angola

Currency: Angolan kwanza

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Angolan kwanza

Overview

First Kwanza, AOK, 1975-1990

Coins

Banknotes

Novo kwanza, AON, 1990-1995

Banknotes

Kwanza reajustado, AOR, 1995-1999

Banknotes

Second kwanza, AOA, 1999-

Coins

Banknotes

Historical exchange rates

Production

See also

References

External links