Bow and Bromley (UK Parliament constituency)

Bow and Bromley
Former Borough constituency for the House of Commons
1885–1950
Number of members	One
Replaced by	Poplar
Created from	Tower Hamlets

Bow and Bromley was a constituency in the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Located in the Metropolitan Borough of Poplar in London, it was created by the Redistribution of Seats Act for the 1885 general election and returned one Member of Parliament (MP) until it was abolished by the 1950 general election.

History

Bow and Bromley in London 1885-1918

Bow and Bromley in London 1918-50

Wards of Poplar Metropolitan Borough in 1916

The area had been part of the former two-seat Tower Hamlets constituency, which was divided at the 1885 general election.

The constituency was marginal before 1918. The party holding the seat changed in 1886, 1892, 1895, 1906, January 1910, December 1910 and 1912. After the extension of the franchise to all adult men and some women in 1918, the seat became safely Labour from 1922.

George Lansbury was first elected in December 1910 as a Labour candidate. He was on the left of the party and was known as a pacifist and supporter of votes for women. In November 1912 Lansbury resigned his seat so he could test public opinion on women's suffrage. He lost the subsequent by-election and did not regain the seat until 1922.

Lansbury was the only member of the cabinet of the Second Labour Ministry to both remain with the party and secure re-election in the 1931 general election. As the party leader Arthur Henderson was not in the House of Commons, Lansbury became Acting Leader of the Labour Party and Leader of the Opposition. In 1932 Henderson gave up the leadership and Lansbury was elected leader in his place. He retained the leadership until 1935.

Boundaries

In 1885 the area was administered as part of The Metropolis. It was located in the Tower division, in the east of the county of Middlesex. The neighbourhoods of Bow and Bromley were combined to form a division of the parliamentary borough of Tower Hamlets. The parliamentary division was part of the East End of London. The Bromley in this seat is not the same place as Bromley, Kent after which the Bromley constituency, created in 1918, was named.

In 1889 the Tower division of Middlesex was severed from the county. It became part of the County of London. In 1900 the lower tier of local government in London was re-modelled. Bow and Bromley became part of the Metropolitan Borough of Poplar.

When a re-distribution of parliamentary seats took place in 1918, the constituency became a division of Poplar. It comprised the wards of Bow Central, Bow North, Bow South, Bow West, Bromley North East, Bromley North West, and Bromley South West.

Members of Parliament

Constituency created (1885)

	Member	Party
1885	William Robson	Liberal
1886	Sir John Colomb	Conservative
1892	John Macdonald	Liberal
1895	Lionel Holland	Conservative
1899	Walter Guthrie	Conservative
1906	Stopford Brooke	Liberal
1910 Jan.	Alfred du Cros	Conservative
1910 Dec.	George Lansbury	Labour
1912	Reginald Blair	Unionist
1918	Reginald Blair	Unionist
1922	George Lansbury	Labour
1940	Charles Key	Labour

Constituency abolished (1950)

Election results

Elections in the 1880s

General Election 1885: Tower Hamlets, Bow and Bromley
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Liberal	William Snowdon Robson	3,419	55.5	n/a
	Conservative	John Charles Ready Colomb	2,738	44.5	n/a
Majority			681	11.0	n/a
Turnout			8,887	69.3	n/a
	Liberal win

General Election 1886: Tower Hamlets, Bow and Bromley
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Conservative	John Charles Ready Colomb	2,967	55.3	+10.8
	Liberal	William Snowdon Robson	2,396	44.7	-10.8
Majority			571	10.6	+21.6
Turnout			8,887	60.3	-9.0
	Conservative gain from Liberal		Swing	+10.8

Elections in the 1890s

General Election 1892: Tower Hamlets, Bow and Bromley
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Liberal	John Archibald Murray Macdonald	4,072	52.7
	Conservative	Sir John Charles Ready Colomb	3,649	47.3
Majority			423	5.4
Turnout			10,687	72.2
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing	+8.0

General Election 1895: Tower Hamlets, Bow and Bromley
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Conservative	Lionel Raleigh Holland	4,339	57.7
	Liberal	John Archibald Murray Macdonald	3,178	42.3
Majority			1,161	15.4
Turnout			10,588	71.0
	Conservative gain from Liberal		Swing	+10.4

Bow and Bromley by-election, 1899
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Conservative	Walter Guthrie	4,238	66.6
	Liberal	Harold Spender	2,123	33.4
Majority			2,115	33.2
Turnout			11,401	55.8
	Conservative hold		Swing	+8.9

Elections in the 1900s

General Election 1900: Tower Hamlets, Bow and Bromley
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Conservative	Walter Guthrie	4,403	63.3
	Social Democratic Federation	George Lansbury	2,558	36.7
Majority			1,845	26.6
Turnout			11,278	61.7
	Conservative hold		Swing	-3.3

General Election 1906: Tower Hamlets, Bow and Bromley
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Liberal	Stopford William Wentworth Brooke	4,596	53.6
	Conservative	Arthur Philip du Cros	3,974	46.4
Majority			622	7.2
Turnout			10,545	81.3
	Liberal gain from Conservative		Swing	+16.9

Elections in the 1910s

General Election January 1910: Tower Hamlets, Bow and Bromley
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Conservative	Alfred du Cros	3,695	41.9
	Labour	George Lansbury	2,955	33.5
	Liberal	Stopford William Wentworth Brooke	2,167	24.6
Majority			740	8.4
Turnout
	Conservative gain from Liberal		Swing	N/A

General Election December 1910: Tower Hamlets, Bow and Bromley
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	George Lansbury	4,315	55.6
	Liberal Unionist	Leopold Charles Maurice Stennett Amery	3,452	44.4
Majority			683	9.0
Turnout
	Labour gain from Conservative		Swing	+9.8

Bow and Bromley by-election, 1912
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Unionist	Reginald Blair	4,042	55.1
	Independent Labour	George Lansbury	3,291	44.9
Majority			751	10.2
Turnout
	Unionist gain from Labour		Swing	+10.7

General Election 1918: Poplar, Bow and Bromley
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Unionist	Reginald Blair	8,109	49.7
	Labour	George Lansbury	7,248	44.3
	Liberal	Mark Dalton	988	6.0
Majority			861	5.4
Turnout			33,436	48.9
	Unionist hold		Swing	-2.4

Elections in the 1920s

General Election 1922: Poplar, Bow and Bromley
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	George Lansbury	15,402	64.1
	Unionist	Geoffrey Edgar Duveen	8,626	35.9
Majority			6,776	28.2
Turnout			34,383	69.9
	Labour hold		Swing	+16.8

General Election 1923: Bow and Bromley
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	George Lansbury	15,336	68.8	+4.7
	Unionist	Irving James Albery	6,941	31.2	-4.7
Majority			8,395	37.6	+9.4
Turnout			34,975	63.7	-6.2
	Labour hold		Swing	+4.7

General Election 1924: Bow and Bromley
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	George Lansbury	15,740	61.6
	Conservative	H.A. Hill	9,806	38.4
Majority			5,934	23.2
Turnout			35,446	72.1
	Labour hold		Swing	-7.2

General Election 1929: Bow and Bromley ^[1]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Labour	George Lansbury	20,119	69.4	+7.8
	Unionist	Albert William Goodman	8,852	30.6	-7.8
Majority			11,267	38.8	+15.6
Turnout			43,834	66.1	-6.0
	Labour hold		Swing	+7.8

Elections in the 1930s

General Election 1931: Poplar, Bow and Bromley
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	George Lansbury	16,306	58.3
	Conservative	D.L.R. Guthrie	11,642	41.7
Majority			4,664	16.6
Turnout			43,779	63.8
	Labour hold		Swing	-11.1

General Election 1935: Poplar, Bow and Bromley
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	George Lansbury	19,064	77.0
	Conservative	Harold Ernest Weber	5,707	23.0
Majority			13,357	54.0
Turnout			41,653	59.5
	Labour hold		Swing	+18.7

Elections in the 1940s

Bow and Bromley by-election, 1940
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	Charles William Key	11,594	95.8
	Communist	Isabel Brown	506	4.2
Majority			11,088	91.6
Turnout			37,324	32.4
	Labour hold		Swing	N/A

General Election 1945: Poplar, Bow and Bromley
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Labour	Charles William Key	10,982	84.1
	Conservative	C.K. Duthie	2,075	15.9
Majority			8,907	68.2
Turnout			20,817	62.7
	Labour hold		Swing	N/A

References

↑ British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, FWS Craig

Boundaries of Parliamentary Constituencies 1885-1972, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (Parliamentary Reference Publications 1972)
British Parliamentary Election Results 1885-1918, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (The Macmillan Press 1974)
British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949, compiled and edited by F.W.S. Craig (The Macmillan Press 1977)
Who's Who of British Members of Parliament: Volume III 1919-1945, edited by M. Stenton and S. Lees (The Harvester Press 1976)
Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "B" (part 4)

Historic constituencies in London

1885	Battersea Bermondsey Bethnal Green North East Bethnal Green South West Bow and Bromley Brixton Camberwell North Chelsea City of London Clapham Deptford Dulwich Finsbury Central Finsbury East Fulham Greenwich Hackney Central Hackney North Hackney South Haggerston Hammersmith Hampstead Holborn Hoxton Islington East Islington North Islington South Islington West Kennington Kensington North Kensington South Lambeth North Lewisham Limehouse Marylebone East Marylebone West Mile End Newington West Norwood Paddington North Paddington South Peckham Poplar Rotherhithe Southwark West St George St George's Hanover Square St Pancras East St Pancras North St Pancras South St Pancras West Stepney Strand Walworth Wandsworth Westminster Whitechapel Woolwich

1918	Balham and Tooting Battersea North Battersea South Bermondsey West Bethnal Green North East Bethnal Green South West Bow and Bromley Brentford and Chiswick Brixton Camberwell North Camberwell North West Clapham Dulwich Chelsea City of London Deptford Finsbury Fulham East Fulham West Greenwich Hackney Central Hackney North Hackney South Hammersmith North Hammersmith South Hampstead Holborn Islington East Islington North Islington South Islington West Kennington Kensington North Kensington South Lambeth North Lewisham East Lewisham West Limehouse Mile End Norwood Paddington North Paddington South Peckham Poplar South Putney Rotherhithe St Marylebone St Pancras North St Pancras South East St Pancras South West Shoreditch Southwark Central Southwark North Southwark South East Stoke Newington Streatham Wandsworth Central Westminster Abbey Westminster St George's Whitechapel and St George's Woolwich East Woolwich West

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