Cañete, Chile

Cañete
City and Commune

Clava symbol

Coat of arms
Location of the Cañete commune in Biobío Region
Location of the Cañete commune in Biobío Region
Location in Chile
Cañete
Location in Chile
Nickname(s): The Historic City
Coordinates: 37°47′58″S 73°23′43″W / 37.79944°S 73.39528°W / -37.79944; -73.39528Coordinates: 37°47′58″S 73°23′43″W / 37.79944°S 73.39528°W / -37.79944; -73.39528
Country Chile
Region Biobío
Province Arauco
Founded as Cañete de la Frontera
Founded January, 1558
Government[1][2]
 • Type Municipality
 • Alcalde Abraham Silva Sanhueza (PDC)
Area[3]
 • Total 760.4 km2 (293.6 sq mi)
Elevation 80 m (260 ft)
Population (2012 Census)[3]
 • Total 31,805
 • Density 42/km2 (110/sq mi)
 • Urban 19,839
 • Rural 11,431
Demonym(s) Cañetino
Sex[3]
 • Men 15,625
 • Women 15,645
Time zone CLT (UTC−4)
 • Summer (DST) CLST (UTC−3)
Area code(s) 56 + 41
Website Official website (Spanish)

Cañete is a city and commune in Chile in Arauco Province, Biobío Region. It's located 135 km to the south of Concepción.[4] Cañete is known as the "Historic City" (Spanish: ciudad histórica),[5] due it is one of the oldest cities of Chile, the Battle of Tucapel and Pedro de Valdivia's death happened near the current city's ubication, and has been a recurrent place in Arauco War.

History

Etymology

Cañete was founded by Governor García Hurtado de Mendoza as Cañete de la Frontera, in honor of his father, Andrés Hurtado de Mendoza, 3rd Marquis of Cañete. His title was originated by villa Cañete, in Crown of Castile.

Before the founding, the place was known as Tucapel, which means taking by force in Mapudungun.

Currently, Cañete is known as the Historic City (Spanish: ciudad histórica) by mass media.

Fort Tucapel

In 1552, Pedro de Valdivia founded the Fort Tucapel, next to the present city of Cañete. In 1553, after destroying the fort, the native Mapuche defeated the Spanish army here in the Battle of Tucapel, and killed Pedro de Valdivia.

Cañete de la Frontera

In January 1558, Governor García Hurtado de Mendoza founded the city as Cañete de la Frontera three kilometers to the west of the present location of the city. Hurtado de Mendoza named Alonso de Reinoso as corregidor of the Corregimiento of Cañete. The Mapuches, leadered by Caupolican, besieged the city, but were defeated in the battle of the Fort of Cañete.

Disastrous military defeats forced governor Francisco de Villagra to order the city to be abandoned in January 1563. A new foundation of the city, ordered by Rodrigo de Quiroga in 1566 did not prosper either due to the constant attacks by the Mapuche.

Refounding

The present city was founded on 12 November 1868 by colonel Cornelio Saavedra Rodríguez as part of the pacification of Araucanía.

XXI century

In November 12, 2006 a car accident happened near the town of Canete. A bus fell into the River Tucapel with dozens of people inside. Most of them were soldiers, musicians of the instrumental band Reinforced Regiment No. 7 "Chacabuco" Concepción, who went to the anniversary of the commune of Cañete. The accident was named as the tragedy of Cañete by press, like the tragedy of Antuco. President Michelle Bachelet, the minister of National Defense Vivianne Blanlot and Commander-in-Chief Óscar Izurieta were at the funerals in Concepción.

The 2010 earthquake caused several damages in the city, as in the construction of hospital Kallvu Llanka, whose inauguration was scheduled for October 8 of that year. Due to the delay of the building, this date was postponed for 2011.[6] Finally, the hospital was inaugurated on October 22, 2013.[7][8]

Geography

Climate

Climate data for Cañete
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 31
(88)		 33
(91)		 31
(88)		 29
(84)		 26
(79)		 22
(72)		 26
(79)		 24
(75)		 29
(84)		 27
(81)		 28
(82)		 32
(90)		 33
(91)
Average high °C (°F) 23
(73)		 23
(73)		 22
(72)		 19
(66)		 16
(61)		 14
(57)		 14
(57)		 14
(57)		 16
(61)		 18
(64)		 20
(68)		 22
(72)		 18.4
(65.1)
Average low °C (°F) 11
(52)		 11
(52)		 10
(50)		 8
(46)		 7
(45)		 7
(45)		 6
(43)		 6
(43)		 6
(43)		 7
(45)		 9
(48)		 10
(50)		 8.2
(46.8)
Record low °C (°F) 5
(41)		 1
(34)		 3
(37)		 −6
(21)		 −2
(28)		 −2
(28)		 −4
(25)		 −2
(28)		 −1
(30)		 −1
(30)		 0
(32)		 1
(34)		 −6
(21)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 9.0
(0.354)		 17.0
(0.669)		 25.0
(0.984)		 60.0
(2.362)		 143.0
(5.63)		 189.0
(7.441)		 174.0
(6.85)		 146.0
(5.748)		 72.0
(2.835)		 59.0
(2.323)		 33.0
(1.299)		 19.0
(0.748)		 946
(37.243)
Source: [9]

Demography

According to the 2002 census of the National Statistics Institute, Cañete spans an area of 760.4 km2 (294 sq mi) and has 31,270 inhabitants (15,625 men and 15,645 women). Of these, 19,839 (63.4%) lived in urban areas and 11,431 (36.6%) in rural areas. The population grew by 6.6% (1,947 persons) between the 1992 and 2002 censuses.[3]

Projections indicated that the population in 2009 was 33,535 inhabitants.[2]

Administration

As a commune, Cañete is a third-level administrative division of Chile administered by a municipal council, headed by an alcalde who is directly elected every four years. The current alcalde is Abraham Silva Sanhueza (PDC),[10] and the council has formed by the following members: Verónica Alicia Sandoval (RN), Ana María Fierro (PDC), Luis Adrián Viveros G. (PRSD), Mario Lobo Bueno (PRSD), Óscar Leal Aravena (PRSD), and Cristian Medina Cea (UDI).[11] The municipality of Cañete is a member of the Association of Municipalities of the Arauco Province, also known as Arauco 7.[12]

Within the electoral divisions of Chile, Cañete is represented in the Chamber of Deputies by Manuel Monsalve (PS) and Iván Norambuena (UDI) as part of the 46th electoral district, (together with Lota, Lebu, Arauco, Curanilahue, Los Álamos, Contulmo and Tirúa). The commune is represented in the Senate by Víctor Pérez Varela (UDI) and Felipe Harboe Bascuñán (PPD) as part of the 13th senatorial constituency (Biobío-Coast).

Transport

In northern Cañete is located Las Misiones Airport.

Human resources

Education

Cañete has 34 primary and secondary schools, 24 of them are public schools. Recognized schools are Liceo Gabriela Mistral, Instituto San José and Liceo B-56.[13][14] Higher education institutions in Cañete are the Technological Institute of the Catholic University of the Most Holy Conception, and the CFT Lota Arauco of the University of Concepción.

Public health

The Intercultural Hospital Kallvu Llanka (Mapudungun for "The Universe's Jewel")[15] is located on the route P-60-R, in northern Cañete. It merges traditional medicine with mapuche culture, like circular waiting rooms similar to rukas. The hospital was opened in 2013.

Culture

Museums

The Mapuche Museum of Cañete has been located in the southern part of the city since 1968.

Rural culture

Between January and February of each year, the Agricultural, Livestock and Forestry Fair of Cañete (Spanish: Feria Agrícola, Ganadera y Forestal), also known as FAGAF, is performed on the farm Anike, two kilometers from the city. This fair is considered the largest in the south and one of the most important in Chile.[16] The fair usually has more than one hundred exhibitors related to the culture of the area, mixing Mapuche and farmer traditions and activities such as loose mare threshing, agricultural and forestry machinery exhibitions, gastronomy contests, and others.[17] Since 2015, the fair is held in conjunction with the Cañete Week, and presentations of singers, music groups and comedians.[18]

Also, the Farmer Fest of Cayucupil, takes place in the rural area located 14 km from the city center.

Movies

The importance of movies in Cañete is growing, the city is a headquarter of the Lebu International Film Festival.[19] Jorge Olguín's 2014 movie Whispers of the Forest was filmed around Cañete, mainly in Reussland Park –near Peleco–, and Morales Castle, 10 km north of the city.[20][21]

Notable people

References

  1. ↑ "Asociación Chilena de Municipalidades" (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 February 2011.
  2. 1 2 "Municipality of Cañete" (in Spanish). Retrieved 23 February 2011.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "National Statistics Institute" (in Spanish). Retrieved 13 December 2010.
  4. ↑ Mapas de Chile - Distances between cities
  5. ↑ "Alcalde de Lebu molesto con el gobierno por falta de compromiso con la capital provincial" (in Spanish). Arauco TV. 1 Aug 2014. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
  6. ↑ "Fenats no permitirá que hospital entre en funcionamiento en actuales condiciones" (in Spanish). AraucoTV. 3 Nov 2011. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
  7. ↑ "Inauguración Hospital Kallvu Llanka". cañete.cl. Municipalidad de Cañete. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
  8. ↑ "Presidente Piñera inauguró Hospital Intercultural de Cañete" (in Spanish). Terra. 22 Oct 2013. Retrieved 30 May 2016.
  9. ↑ "Cañete, Chile". MSN.com. Retrieved May 21, 2016.
  10. ↑ "Saludo de Alcalde - Municipalidad de Cañete" (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 May 2016.
  11. ↑ "Concejo Municipal - Municipalidad de Cañete" (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 May 2016.
  12. ↑ "Asamblea - Arauco 7" (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 May 2016.
  13. ↑ "Cañete: Liceo Gabriela Mistral e Instituto San José celebran resultados del Simce" (in Spanish). AraucoTV. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
  14. ↑ "SIMCE: Liceo B-56 entre los mejores del país" (in Spanish). AraucoTV. 2 May 2011. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
  15. ↑ "Inauguraron el hospital Kallvu Llanka, el primer establecimiento intercultural". Hospitalaria.cl (in Spanish). Retrieved 10 May 2016. Its name Kallvu Llanka is translated to Spanish as joya del universo.
  16. ↑ "Lanzamiento de Feria Agrícola y Forestal de Cañete se realizará este jueves" (in Spanish). BioBio Chile. 30 January 2013. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  17. ↑ "Más de 100 expositores de todo el país llegaron a Cañete para la tradicional Fiesta Agrícola y Ganadera" (in Spanish). SoyChile. 27 January 2015. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  18. ↑ "Noche de Brujas, Los Vásquez y Jorge Alís: Los artistas que estarán en la Feria Agrícola de Cañete" (in Spanish). BioBioChile. 14 January 2015. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  19. ↑ "Programa FICIL Cañete". Cinelebu.cl (in Spanish). Retrieved 7 July 2016.
  20. ↑ "En tétrico palacio abandonado de Cañete será filmada primera película 3D chilena" (in Spanish). BioBioChile. Lanalhue Noticias. 22 August 2011. Retrieved 7 July 2016.
  21. ↑ "Los Gritos del Bosque, la primera película chilena que se realiza en 3D" (in Spanish). La Tercera. 30 October 2013. Retrieved 7 July 2016.
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