Duncan, British Columbia

Duncan
City
The Corporation of the City of Duncan

City Hall
Motto: City of Totems

Location of Duncan in British Columbia
Coordinates: 48°46′43″N 123°42′28″W / 48.77861°N 123.70778°W / 48.77861; -123.70778
Country  Canada
Province  British Columbia
Region Vancouver Island
Regional district Cowichan Valley
Incorporated 1912
Government
 • Governing body Duncan City Council
 • Mayor Phil Kent
Area
 • City 2.07 km2 (0.80 sq mi)
Elevation 20 m (70 ft)
Population (2011)
 • City 4,932
 • Density 2,381.7/km2 (6,169/sq mi)
 • Urban 43,252
 • Urban density 115.7/km2 (300/sq mi)
Time zone PST (UTC−8)
 • Summer (DST) PDT (UTC−7)
Canadian Postal code V9L
Area code(s) 250 & 778
Highways 1
Waterways Cowichan River
Website City of Duncan
Sign welcoming visitors to the town of Duncan, on Vancouver Island, British Columbia.

Duncan (pop. 4,932) is a city on southern Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada. It is the smallest city by area (2.07 square kilometres, 0.8 square miles) in the nation.[1]

Location

The city is about 50 kilometres from both Victoria to the south and Nanaimo to the north.

Although the City of Duncan has a population of just under 5000, it serves the Cowichan Valley which has a population of approximately 80,000, many of whom live in North Cowichan contiguous with Duncan. This gives Duncan a much larger "greater" population than that contained within the city limits. People in areas of North Cowichan bordering on Duncan usually use "Duncan" as their mailing city.

Duncan is the seat of the Cowichan Valley Regional District. The name "Cowichan" is an anglicization of Halkomelem Quw'utsun', which means "the warm land".

Transportation

The railway continues to cross Duncan, as does the Trans-Canada Highway, though passenger and freight rail service on the south island corridor were both discontinued indefinitely in 2011 for safety reasons relating to long-deferred track maintenance.

Public transit is provided in conjunction between BC Transit and the Cowichan Valley Regional Transit System.

History

The community is named after William Chalmers Duncan[2][1](born 1836 in Sarnia, Ontario). He arrived in Victoria in May 1862, then in August of that year he was one of the party of a hundred settlers which Governor Douglas took to Cowichan Bay. After going off on several gold rushes, Duncan settled close to the present city of Duncan. He married in 1876, and his son Kenneth became the first mayor of Duncan. There is a Kenneth Street, as well as a Duncan Street, in the city.

Duncan's farm was named Alderlea, and this was the first name of the adjacent settlement. In August 1886, the Esquimalt and Nanaimo Railway was opened. No stop had been scheduled at Alderlea for the inaugural train bearing Sir John A. Macdonald and Robert Dunsmuir. However, at Duncan's Crossing, the level crossing nearest Alderlea, a crowd of 2,000 had assembled around a decorated arch and the train came to an unplanned halt, quite literally putting it on the map.

In the early 1900s, Duncan's Chinatown was the social centre for the Cowichan Valley's Chinese population. Chinatown was concentrated in a single block in the southwestern corner of Duncan. At its largest point, Duncan's Chinatown included six Chinese families and 30 merchants who supplied goods and services to the loggers, millworkers, cannery and mine workers in the area. The city tore the buildings down in 1969 to build a new law courts complex. Some materials from the original buildings were used at Whippletree Junction.[3]

In the 1980s, the city was noted in coverage related to the 1985 bombings at Narita Airport in Japan and aboard Air India Flight 182, Canada's largest murder case. Resident Inderjit Singh Reyat purchased bomb parts and a radio used to conceal a bomb at Duncan stores. Less than two weeks prior to the bombings, Reyat and suspected Air India mastermind Talwinder Singh Parmar were observed testing explosives in the woods outside of Duncan by the Canadian Security Intelligence Service (CSIS).[4]

Tourist attractions

Duncan's tourism slogan is "The City of Totems". The city has 80 totem poles around the entire town, which were erected in the late 1980s. In 2007 the city of Duncan deemed copyright privileges of the totem poles in the city. The use of the totems' images for commercial purposes requires the City of Duncan's approval.[5]

Duncan has a large First Nations community and is the traditional home of the Cowichan Tribes, who are the largest band among the Coast Salish people. The Coast Salish men and women of the Cowichan Tribes are makers of the world-famous Cowichan Sweaters.

Duncan is home to the BC Forest Discovery Centre. Before the Canada–United States softwood lumber dispute, Duncan and the whole Cowichan Valley were a thriving lumber centre in British Columbia.

Duncan has the world's largest ice hockey stick, officially recognised by Guinness World Records on July 14, 2008,[6] which is on display on the side of the local arena - formerly known as the Cowichan Community Centre. The centre is now called The 'Island Savings Centre', (in 2008 Island Savings entered into a 10 year/one million dollar naming rights agreement with the CVRD).[7] The stick was made specifically for Expo 86 in Vancouver, and purchased by Duncan at the end of the event.

In 1911 Norman Corfield drove the first car over the Malahat Highway, opening up vehicle traffic to Duncan. Construction of the Duncan Garage Heritage Building started in 1912 and appeared in Canadian Motorist Magazine (May 1913 issue) as; " The most complete and up-to-date fireproof garage on Vancouver Island." The Duncan Garage set a provincial record for the longest operating business in one location(65 years). It was designated a heritage building in 2002.

Climate

According to the Köppen climate classification, Duncan has a warm-summer Mediterranean climate (Köppen Csb).

Climate data for Duncan
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 15.0
(59)		 19.4
(66.9)		 21.1
(70)		 25.6
(78.1)		 33.5
(92.3)		 36.0
(96.8)		 38.2
(100.8)		 37.5
(99.5)		 34.5
(94.1)		 28.4
(83.1)		 18.9
(66)		 17.0
(62.6)		 38.2
(100.8)
Average high °C (°F) 6.1
(43)		 8.0
(46.4)		 10.6
(51.1)		 13.9
(57)		 17.4
(63.3)		 20.3
(68.5)		 23.3
(73.9)		 23.6
(74.5)		 20.3
(68.5)		 14.8
(58.6)		 8.8
(47.8)		 6.3
(43.3)		 14.5
(58.1)
Daily mean °C (°F) 2.6
(36.7)		 4.1
(39.4)		 5.9
(42.6)		 8.5
(47.3)		 11.9
(53.4)		 14.7
(58.5)		 17.0
(62.6)		 17.1
(62.8)		 13.8
(56.8)		 9.3
(48.7)		 5.0
(41)		 2.9
(37.2)		 9.4
(48.9)
Average low °C (°F) −1.1
(30)		 0.1
(32.2)		 1.2
(34.2)		 3.0
(37.4)		 6.2
(43.2)		 9.1
(48.4)		 10.7
(51.3)		 10.5
(50.9)		 7.2
(45)		 3.8
(38.8)		 1.2
(34.2)		 −0.5
(31.1)		 4.3
(39.7)
Record low °C (°F) −21.1
(−6)		 −15.5
(4.1)		 −12.0
(10.4)		 −3.9
(25)		 −2.2
(28)		 1.7
(35.1)		 3.3
(37.9)		 2.2
(36)		 −3.0
(26.6)		 −6.7
(19.9)		 −17.0
(1.4)		 −21.7
(−7.1)		 −21.7
(−7.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 145.3
(5.72)		 130.1
(5.122)		 101.7
(4.004)		 54.0
(2.126)		 44.4
(1.748)		 37.3
(1.469)		 20.3
(0.799)		 25.3
(0.996)		 46.7
(1.839)		 80.0
(3.15)		 168.8
(6.646)		 185.5
(7.303)		 1,039.2
(40.913)
Source: Environment Canada[8]

Education

Vancouver Island University (formerly Malaspina University-College) has a regional campus in Duncan that offers programs and courses in university transfer, access, trades and applied technology, health and human services, and career and academic preparation. The campus also has a Continuing Education department that offers certificate programs, personal and professional development courses, and online courses. A new 55,000-square-foot (5,100 m2) campus opened for classes in June 2011.

Duncan has one public secondary school, Cowichan Secondary School, as well as several elementary and middle schools. It also has one private secondary university preparatory school, Queen Margaret's School, established in 1921 which has a co-ed junior school included. There is also an independent Catholic school, Queen of Angels which continues up to Grade 9. The city is also home to Duncan Christian School. Sunrise Waldorf School and Island Oak Waldorf School serve the Cowichan Valley's Waldorf population. The head offices for School District 79 Cowichan Valley are also located in Duncan.

Sports

Duncan is the home city of the British Columbia Hockey League's Cowichan Valley Capitals, who play in the Island Savings Centre.

Notable residents

See also Category:People from Duncan, British Columbia

See also

References

 North Cowichan completely surrounds Halalt
Cowichan Valley E Squaw-hay-one, Tsussie 6, Capital F
   Duncan  
Cowichan 1

Coordinates: 48°46′43.3″N 123°42′28.3″W / 48.778694°N 123.707861°W / 48.778694; -123.707861

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