The Third Congressional District of Florida is an electoral district of the United States House of Representatives located in the U.S. state of Florida. It presently comprises a large section of northernmost Florida, including the entire counties of Bradford, Columbia, Dixie, Gilchrist, Hamilton, Lafayette, Levy, Suwannee, and Union, along with the majority of Alachua and Clay counties, half of Madison county, and a section of Marion county. The city of Lake City is in the district, as well as the western half of Gainesville, and the western suburbs of Ocala.
Redistricting in Florida, effective for the 2012 federal elections, radically altered the nature of the 3rd District. From 1993 through 2012 the district called the 3rd District comprised an entirely different territory, roughly similar to the 5th District as of 2013. Likewise the present territory of the new 3rd District, as of the 2012 elections, is made up of parts of the former 2nd, 4th, 5th, and 6th districts, though it is geographically similar to the pre-2013 6th district. The former 3rd District was (and present 5th District is) an intentionally gerrymandered territory designed to unite disparate areas of northeastern Florida with significant African-American populations into a black-majority district, and was overwhelmingly Democratic in voting patterns. The new 3rd District has a majority white population, largely in rural areas and small towns, and is solidly Republican.
The new 3rd District is represented by Republican Ted Yoho, elected on November 6, 2012, and taking office on January 3, 2013. The old 3rd District was represented from 1993 through 2012 by Corrine Brown, who was elected to the similar new 5th District in the November 2012 elections.
The 1993–2012 black majority district
The old 3rd district was a gerrymandered congressional district. The district included portions of Alachua, Clay, Duval, Lake, Marion, Orange, Putnam, Seminole, and Volusia counties.
History
While Florida has had at least three congressional districts since the 1900 U.S. Census, the 1993–2012 3rd Congressional District dates to reapportionment done by the Florida Legislature after the 1990 U.S. Census. Because Florida has a large population of African Americans, but not a large enough concentration anywhere in the state to easily configure a congressional district with a majority, there were several attempts to create a few gerrymandered districts which were certain to elect an African American candidate. This created an odd coalition of black Democrats and Republicans who supported such districts (since this not only created black-majority districts, but also made "safer" Republican districts elsewhere). This effort was opposed by many white Democrats, but eventually this idea won the support of the state legislature and this district was created as a result.[1]
The 1993–2012 3rd Congressional District was geographically diverse. Starting from the southern part of the district, it included the Pine Hills area of the Orlando-Kissimmee Metropolitan Area with small pockets of African-American neighborhoods in the cities of Sanford, Gainesville, Palatka, and finally the larger African American communities of Jacksonville. Connecting these areas were regions which are sparsely populated—either expansive rural areas or narrow strips which are only a few miles wide. Barack Obama received 73% of the vote in this district in the 2008 Presidential election.
Voting
Voter registration
| Voter Registration and Party Enrollment as of January 3, 2012 |
|---|
| Party |
Voters |
Percentage |
| |
Republican |
69,212 |
19.76% |
| |
Democratic |
218,371 |
62.35% |
| |
No Party Affiliation |
54,531 |
15.57% |
List of representatives
| Representative |
Party |
Years |
District home |
Notes |
| District created March 4, 1903 |
 William B. Lamar |
Democratic |
March 4, 1903 – March 3, 1909 |
|
|
 Dannite H. Mays |
Democratic |
March 4, 1909 – March 3, 1913 |
|
|
 Emmett Wilson |
Democratic |
March 4, 1913 – March 3, 1917 |
|
|
 Walter Kehoe |
Democratic |
March 4, 1917 – March 3, 1919 |
|
|
 John H. Smithwick |
Democratic |
March 4, 1919 – March 3, 1927 |
|
|
| Tom A. Yon |
Democratic |
March 4, 1927 – March 3, 1933 |
|
|
 Millard F. Caldwell |
Democratic |
March 4, 1933 – January 3, 1941 |
|
|
 Robert L. F. Sikes |
Democratic |
January 3, 1941 – October 19, 1944 |
|
Resigned to enter US Army |
| Vacant until next Congress |
October 19, 1944 – January 3, 1945 |
| Robert L. F. Sikes |
Democratic |
January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1963 |
|
Redistricted to the 1st district |
 Claude Pepper |
Democratic |
January 3, 1963 – January 3, 1967 |
|
Redistricted to the 11th district |
 Charles E. Bennett |
Democratic |
January 3, 1967 – January 3, 1993 |
|
Redistricted from the 2nd district |
 Corrine Brown |
Democratic |
January 3, 1993 – January 3, 2013 |
|
Redistricted to the 5th district |
 Ted Yoho |
Republican |
January 3, 2013 – present |
|
|
Election results
2002
2004
Florida's 3rd Congressional District Election (2004)
| Party |
Candidate |
Votes |
% |
|
Democratic |
Corrine Brown* |
172,833 |
99.24 |
|
No party |
Others |
1,323 |
0.76% |
| Total votes |
174,156 |
100.00 |
| Voter turnout |
% |
|
Democratic hold |
2006
2008
2010
Historical district boundaries
2003 - 2013
Living former Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Florida's 3rd congressional district
As of May 2015, there is one former member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Florida's 3rd congressional district who is currently living at this time.
| Representative |
Term in office |
Date of birth (and age) |
|---|
| Corrine Brown |
1993–2003 |
(1946-11-11) November 11, 1946 |
|
References
External links
Coordinates: 29°50′05″N 82°44′09″W / 29.83472°N 82.73583°W / 29.83472; -82.73583
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