Haidian District

Haidian 海淀区
District
Haidian District
Location of Haidian District in Beijing
Coordinates: 39°54′N 116°18′E / 39.900°N 116.300°ECoordinates: 39°54′N 116°18′E / 39.900°N 116.300°E
Country	People's Republic of China
Municipality	Beijing
Township-level divisions	22 subdistricts 5 towns 2 townships
Area
• Total	431 km^2 (166 sq mi)
Population (2010)
• Total	3,281,000
• Density	7,600/km^2 (20,000/sq mi)
Time zone	China Standard (UTC+8)
Postal code	100080
Area code(s)	0010
Website	bjhd.gov.cn

Haidian District (simplified Chinese: 海淀区; traditional Chinese: 海淀區) is a district of the municipality of Beijing. It lies towards the northwestern part of the urban core.

It is 431 square km in area, making it the second-largest district in urban Beijing (after Chaoyang), and is home to 2,240,124 inhabitants (2000 Census); however, in comparison to other districts, a higher percentage of its inhabitants do not have the governmental residential certificates for long-term residence, because Haidian District is where most universities are located and therefore many of its inhabitants are college students.

Sister cities

Since 1992, Haidian District has signed official papers and established Sister City relationship with 14 cities and districts from 10 countries of 4 continents. Some sister cities are shown below:^[1]

South America

• Santa Fe, Argentina (May 2010)
• La Falda, Cordoba, Argentina (10 September 2009)

North America

• Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States (8 February 2008)
• Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, United States (15 April 1998)

Europe

• Olympia, Peloponnesus, Greece (28 February 2008)
• Groningen, Netherlands (19/10/2004)
• Bures-sur-Yvette, Massy, Palaiseau, in Paris Region, France (4 October 1994)

East Asia

• Seodaemun-gu, South Korea (27 September 1995)
• Nerima, Tokyo, Japan (13 October 1992)

Administrative division

The administrative division of the district was reported as follows:^[2]

• 22 subdistricts of the city proper of Beijing
• 7 towns of which carry the "area" (地区) label:^[3]

Name	Chinese (S)	Hanyu Pinyin	Population (2010)[4]	Area (km^2)
Wanshou Road Subdistrict	万寿路街道	Wànshòulù Jiēdào	172,456	8.90
Yongding Road Subdistrict	永定路街道	Yǒngdìnglu Jiēdào	49,346	0.70
Yangfangdian Subdistrict	羊坊店街道	Yángfāngdiàn Jiēdào	127,134	6.61
Ganjiakou Subdistrict	甘家口街道	Gānjiākǒu Jiēdào	118,455	6.50
Balizhuang Subdistrict	八里庄街道	Bālǐzhuāng Jiēdào	135,984	4.40
Zizhuyuan Subdistrict	紫竹院街道	Zǐzhúyuàn Jiēdào	138,411	6.23
Beixiaguan Subdistrict	北下关街道	Běixiàguān Jiēdào	158,776	6.04
Beitaipingzhuang Subdistrict	北太平庄街道	Běitàipíngzhuāng Jiēdào	201,614	5.17
Xueyuan Road Subdistrict	学院路街道	Xuéyuànlù Jiēdào	243,307	8.49
Zhongguancun Subdistrict	中关村街道	Zhōngguāncūn Jiēdào	159,637	6.23
Haidian Subdistrict	海淀街道	Hǎidiàn Jiēdào	144,700	5.00
Qinglongqiao Subdistrict	青龙桥街道	Qīnglóngqiáo Jiēdào	128,887	15.50
Qinghuayuan Subdistrict	清华园街道	Qīnghuáyuán Jiēdào	51,785	2.70
Yanyuan Subdistrict	燕园街道	Yànyuán Jiēdào	37,548	1.84
Xiangshan Subdistrict	香山街道	Xiāngshān Jiēdào	28,535	25.37
Qinghe Subdistrict	清河街道	Qīnghé Jiēdào	139,752	9.37
Huayuan Road Subdistrict	花园路街道	Huāyuánlù Jiēdào	148,829	6.30
Xisanqi Subdistrict	西三旗街道	Xīsānqí Jiēdào	144,126	8.70
Malianwa Subdistrict	马连洼街道	Mǎliánwā Jiēdào	106,585	5.50
Tiancun Road Subdistrict	田村路街道	Tiáncūnlù Jiēdào	106,744	7.70
Shangdi Subdistrict	上地街道	Shàngdì Jiēdào	102,105	9.40
Shuguang Subdistrict	曙光街道	Shǔguāng Jiēdào	102,397	9.61
Wanliu Area (Haidian)	万柳地区	Wànliǔ Dìqū	28,062	41.90
Dongsheng Area	东升地区	Dōngshēng Dìqū	49,852	45.20
Wenquan Area	温泉地区	Wēnquán Dìqū	50,800	33.23
Sijiqing Area	四季青地区	Sìjìqīng Dìqū	170,579	40.83
Xibeiwang Area	西北旺地区	Xīběiwàng Dìqū	142,664	51.02
Sujiatuo Area	苏家坨地区	Sūjiātuó Dìqū	46,786	84.51
Shangzhuang Area	上庄地区	Shàngzhuāng Dìqū	44,814	38.45

History

Haidian was originally a village outside of Beijing's Inner City.^[5] It was first built in the Yuan Dynasty and became one of the eight major business areas of the capital during the Qing Dynasty and was the seat of such old shops as Lotus White, Quanjude and Hongbin House.^[6] The famed Old Summer Palace and Summer Palace, two grand imperial gardens are also among its reputed features. It became a university district after the building of the Tsinghua University and Yenching University campus in the early twentieth century. It is mentioned in Lao She's novel Camel Xiangzi as an academic village for students. After the foundation of the People's Republic, it was deliberately developed as a university area, with many of the Yan'an institutions moving there. It officially became an administrative district in June 1954.^[7] Since the reform and opening up, it has become the centre of China's IT industry. In the words of Time magazine:

“

Like Paris' Champs Elysées or New York's Broadway, Haidian is a celebration of a national myth: China's ability to change itself and become, once again, great among nations.[8]

”

During the later half of the 1990s, out of the Beijing districts, Haidian had the highest per capita GDP. During that period the GDP of Haidian (1) District grew by double digits each year.^[9]

Transportation

The northwestern stretches of the 3rd Ring Road, 4th Ring Road and 5th Ring Road all run through the area.

Metro

Haidian is currently served by nine metro lines operated by Beijing Subway and one commuter line operated by BCR:

•      Line 1 - Wukesong, Wanshoulu, Gongzhufen, Military Museum  9 
•      Line 4 - Anheqiao North, Beigongmen, Xiyuan, Yuanmingyuan Park, East Gate of Peking University, Zhongguancun, Haidianhuangzhuang  10 , Renmin University, Weigongcun, National Library  9 , Beijing Zoo
•      Line 6 - Haidian Wuluju, Cishousi  10 , Huayuanqiao, Baishiqiao South  9 
•      Line 8 - Yuxin, Xixiaokou, Yongtaizhuang
•      Line 9 - National Library  4 , Baishiqiao South  6 , Baiduizi, Military Museum  1 
•      Line 10 - Lianhuaqiao, Gongzhufen  1 , Xidiaoyutai, Cishousi  6 , Chedaogou, Changchunqiao, Huoqiying, Bagou, Suzhoujie, Haidianhuangzhuang  4 , Zhichunli, Zhichunlu  13 , Xitucheng, Mudanyuan, Jiandemen
•      Line 13 - Dazhongsi, Zhichunlu  10 , Wudaokou, Shangdi, Xi'erqi  Changping 
•      Line 15 - Qinghuadongluxikou, Liudaokou, Beishatan
•      Changping Line - Xi'erqi  13 
•      BCR Line S2 - Qinghuayuan, Qinghe

Government and infrastructure

The China National Space Administration has its headquarters in the district.^[10]

Economy

The Baidu Campus, Baidu headquarters

Google Beijing

A central part of Haidian's economy, the Zhongguancun electronics district, hosts the Beijing offices of many software and computer-technology companies.

• Baidu has its headquarters in the Baidu Campus.^[11]
• Sohu has its headquarters in the Sohu.com Internet Plaza.^[12][13]
• Sinosteel's headquarters are in the Sinosteel Plaza (simplified Chinese: 中钢国际广场; traditional Chinese: 中鋼國際廣場; pinyin: Zhōnggāng Guójì Guǎngchǎng) in Haidian District.^[14]
• Youku has its headquarters on the fifth floor of Sinosteel Plaza.^[15][16]
• Wumart has its headquarters in the Wumart Commercial Building (simplified Chinese: 物美商业大厦; traditional Chinese: 物美商業大廈; pinyin: Wù Měi Shāngyè Dàshà) in Haidian District.^[17]
• aigo's head office is in the Ideal Plaza (simplified Chinese: 理想国际大厦; traditional Chinese: 理想國際大廈; pinyin: Lǐxiǎng Guójì Dàshà) in the Haidian District.^[18]
• China Postal Airlines has its headquarters on the 11th through 14th floors of the Ziyu Office Building (simplified Chinese: 紫玉写字楼; traditional Chinese: 紫玉寫字樓; pinyin: Zǐyù Xiězìlóu) in Haidian District.^[19]
• The Beijing Civil Aircraft Technology Research Center of COMAC (北京民用飞机技术研究中心) has its offices on the 8th floor of the Beijing Olympic Building (S: 北京奥运大厦, T: 北京奧運大廈, P: Běijīng Àoyùn Dàshà) in Haidian District.^[20]
• Xiaomi has its headquarters in the Office Building of Huarun Wucai City (华润五彩城写字楼).^[21]
• Google has its Beijing office in Tsinghua Science Park Bldg 6^[22]

Education

Higher education

Peking University

The Beijing Olympic Building, which houses the headquarters of the Beijing Municipal Commission of Education

Institutions of higher education in Haidian include:

• Beihang University (formerly Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics)
• Beijing Film Academy
• Beijing Institute of Technology
• Beijing Jiaotong University
• Beijing Language and Culture University
• Beijing Normal University
• Capital Normal University
• China Agricultural University
• China University of Geosciences Beijing
• China University of Political Science and Law
• Minzu University of China (formerly Central University for Nationalities)
• Peking University
• Renmin University of China
• Tsinghua University
• University of International Relations
• University of Science and Technology Beijing

Primary and secondary education

The Beijing Municipal Commission of Education (simplified Chinese: 北京市教育委员会; traditional Chinese: 北京市教育委員會; pinyin: Běijīng Shì Jiàoyùwěiyuánhuì), the local education authority, has its headquarters in the Beijing Olympic Building.^[23][24]

Institutions of secondary education include:

• High School Affiliated to Renmin University of China
• Beijing 101 Middle School

Private schools include:

• Beijing Haidian Foreign Language Shi Yan School (elementary through senior high school)^[25]
  • Beijing Haidian International School
• Saint Paul American School

Communities

• Zhongguancun
• Wudaokou
• Madian
• Xinjiangcun (demolished)

Important areas in Haidian District

Overview of the Haidian District

• Old Summer Palace (Yuanmingyuan)
• Summer Palace
• Fragrant Hills (Xiangshan or Jingyi Palace)
• Beijing Botanical Garden(Beijing Zhiwuyuan)
• Jude Spring Hill(Jingming Palace)
• Haidian Park
• Purple Bamboo Park (Zizhuyuan)
• Yuyuantan Park
• Diaoyutai State Guesthouse
• Microsoft Research Asia
• Baidu headquarters
• Sohu
• Sinosteel Plaza
• Youku
• Haidian Christian Church
• Beijing Organizing Committee of Olympic Games headquartered

Sports

The Chinese Ice Hockey Association, which governs ice hockey and bandy in China, has its offices at 56, Zhongguacun South Street in Haidian District.^[26]

Gallery

Haidian's Technology hubs

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References

1. http://ewsb.bjhd.gov.cn/InternationalCommunication/InternationalSisterCities/
2. Harry's World Atlas
3. These towns are officially classified as subdistricts, but as they coincide with the area of the same name, they are commonly named "areas" (地区)
4. shi, Guo wu yuan ren kou pu cha ban gong; council, Guo jia tong ji ju ren kou he jiu ye tong ji si bian = Tabulation on the 2010 population census of the people's republic of China by township / compiled by Population census office under the state; population, Department of; statistics, employment statistics national bureau of (2012). Zhongguo 2010 nian ren kou pu cha fen xiang, zhen, jie dao zi liao (Di 1 ban. ed.). Beijing Shi: Zhongguo tong ji chu ban she. ISBN 978-7-5037-6660-2.
5. University of Texas Perry-Castañeda Library Map Collection: A portion of "Originalkarte der Ebene von Peking und des Gebirkslandes im Westen und Norden der Capitale" from Mittheilungen aus Justus Perthes' Geographischer Anstalt uber Wichtige Neue Erforschungen auf dem Gesammtgebiete der Geographie von Dr. A. Petermann. Erganzungsband 10, 1876.
6. Beijing Haidian District People's Government (7 December 2007), Special Shopping Areas in Haidian District. Accessed 19 October 2008. NB: this page only loads correctly in Internet Explorer.
7. Tang Yangkai (2008). "Haidian District::Beijing's 'Smart Reservoir'". Beijing Review (7).
8. Joshua Cooper Ramo (27 September 1999). "HAIDIAN DISTRICT: China's Silicon Valley, 1999". Time. 154 (12). Retrieved 4 May 2010.
9. Wang, Wenfei, Shangyi Zhou, and C. Cindy Fan. "Growth and Decline of Muslim Hui Enclaves in Beijing" (Archive). Eurasian Geography and Economics, 2002, 43, No. 2, pp. 104-122. Cited page: p. 117.
10. Home page in Chinese. China National Space Administration. Retrieved on February 26, 2016. "地址：北京市海淀区阜成路甲8号 邮编:100048"
11. "IR Contacts." Baidu. Retrieved on 27 December 2010. "Address: Baidu Campus, No. 10, Shangdi 10th Street, Haidian District, Beijing 100085 People's Republic of China."
12. "Contact Us." Sohu. Retrieved on 27 December 2010. "Headquarter Office Sohu.com Internet Plaza, No.1 Park, Zhongguancun East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, PRC ."
13. "Sohu.com." CNN Money. Retrieved on 19 August 2009.
14. "Contact Us." Sinosteel. Retrieved on 18 November 2012. "Sinosteel Plaza,8 Haidian St.,Beijing, P.R.China" - See map and directions in English - Chinese: "中国北京海淀区海淀大街8号中钢国际广场" - See map and directions in Chinese
15. "版权声明." Youku. Retrieved on 27 December 2010. "北京市海淀区海淀大街8号中钢国际大厦5层"
16. "Contact Us." Youku. Retrieved on 27 December 2010. "Beijing 5th Floor, Sinosteel Plaza, 8 Haidian Dajie, Haidian District, Beijing, 100080, China."
17. "Interim Report 2011." (Archive) Wumart. Retrieved on 12 October 2012. "ADDRESS OF HEAD OFFICE Wumart Commercial Building 158-1 West 4th Ring North Road Haidian District Beijing P. R. China" and "LEGAL ADDRESS IN CHINA Room 5610 1 Shixingdong Street Badachu HighTech Park District Shijingshan District Beijing The PRC"
18. "Contact Us." aigo. Retrieved on July 25, 2013. "aigo Digital Technology Co., Ltd. Add: 10-11th Floor, Ideal Plaza, No.58, West Road, North 4th Ring Road, Beijing, 100080, China" Chinese address: "北京市北四环西路58号理想国际大厦11层"
19. "联系我们." China Postal Airlines. Retrieved on 18 November 2012. "北京海淀区增光路55号紫玉写字楼11-14层"
20. "Commercial Aircraft Corporation of China, Ltd." (Archive) COMAC. Retrieved on January 10, 2014.
21. "联系方式 (Contact Us)". Official website of Xiaomi (in Chinese). Retrieved 17 March 2016.
22. "Google locations." Google. Retrieved on May 25, 2016. "Google Beijing Tsinghua Science Park Bldg 6 No. 1 Zhongguancun East Road Haidian District"
23. "联系我们" (Contact Us) (Archive). Beijing Municipal Commission of Education. Retrieved on January 10, 2014. "北京市教育委员会地址：海淀区北四环中路267号北京奥运大厦"
24. Home page (Archive). Beijing Municipal Commission of Education. Retrieved on January 10, 2014. "地址：海淀区北四环中路267号北京奥运大厦 邮政编码：100083"
25. "Location." Beijing Haidian Foreign Language Shi Yan School. Retrieved on June 7, 2014. "Address：No.20, Xingshikou Road, Haidian District, Beijing,100195 P.R.China" - Address in Chinese: "地址： 北京市海淀区杏石口路20号 邮编： 100195"
26. FIB Members, read 20 February 2016

External links

• Haidian District, Beijing Municipality (English)
• Haidian District, Beijing Municipality (Chinese)