Principality of Lippe

Principality of Lippe
Fürstentum Lippe
State of the Holy Roman Empire (1123–1806) State of the Confederation of the Rhine (1806–1813) State of the German Confederation (1815–1866) State of the North German Confederation (1867–1871) Federal State of the German Empire (1871–1918)
1123–1918
Flag Coat of arms
Lippe within the German Empire (1871-1918)
Capital		Detmold
Languages		West Low German
Government		Principality
History
•	Established	1123
•	Raised to County	1528
•	Raised to Principality	1789
•	German Revolution	1918
Preceded by Succeeded by Duchy of Saxony Free State of Lippe

Map of Lippe in 1918.

The princely castle at Detmold

Terms of various things in Lippisch dialect compared to Standard German.

Lippe (later Lippe-Detmold and then again Lippe) was a historical state in Germany, ruled by the House of Lippe. It was located between the Weser River and the southeast part of the Teutoburg forest.

History

The founder of what would become the Principality of Lippe was Bernhard I (1113-1144), who received a grant of the territory from Lothar Röttgering III, Holy Roman Emperor and King of the Germans in 1123. Bernhard I assumed the title of edler Herr von Lippe (Lord of Lippe). Bernhard's successors inherited and obtained several counties. Lord Simon V was the first ruler of Lippe to style himself as a count.^[1]

Following the death of Simon VI in 1613, the principality was split into three counties; Lippe-Detmold went to Simon VII, Lippe-Brake to Otto and Lippe-Alverdissen went to Philip I. The Lippe-Brake county was reunited with the main Detmold line in 1709. Another branch of the family was founded by Jobst Herman, a son of Simon VII, who was founder of the Lippe-Biesterfeld line.^[1]

The Counts of Lippe-Detmold were granted the title of Prince of The Empire in 1789.^[1]

Shortly after becoming a member state of the German Empire in 1871, the Lippe-Detmold line died out on 20 July 1895. This resulted in an inheritance dispute between the neighbouring principality of Schaumburg-Lippe and the Lippe-Biesterfeld line. The dispute was resolved by the Imperial Court in Leipzig in 1905, with the lands passing to the Lippe-Biesterfeld line who, until this point, had no territorial sovereignty.^[1]

The Principality of Lippe came to an end on 12 November 1918 with the abdication of Leopold IV, with Lippe becoming a Free State. In 1947, Lippe merged into the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The princely family still owns the estate and castle at Detmold.

Lords of Lippe (1123-1528)^[2]

• Bernard I, Lord 1123-1158 (c.1090–1158)
  • Hermann of Lippe (d ca.1160)
    • Herman I, Lord 1158-1167 (d 1167)
    • Bernard II, Lord 1167–1196, resigned to the Church (c 1140-1224)
      • Herman II, Lord 1196-1229 (1175–1229)
        • Bernard III, Lord 1229-1265 (c  1194– 1265)
          • Herman III, Lord in Lippstadt 1265–1274 (ca  1233–1274)
          • Bernard IV, Lord in Rheda 1265-1275 (ca 1230–1275)
            • Simon I, Lord 1273–1344 at first Rheda only (ca 1261-1344)
              • Simon II, Lord 1344 with his brothers (d 1344)
              • Bernard V, Lord of Lippe in Rheda 1344–1364 (d 1364)
              • Otto, Lord of Lippe in Lemgo 1344–1360 (d 1360)
                • Simon III, Lord 1360–1410 at first Lemgo only (ca 1340-1410)
                  • Bernard VI, Lord 1410–1415 (ca  1370–1415)
                    • Simon IV, Lord 1415–1429 (ca 1404-1429)
                      • Bernard VII the Bellicose, Lord 1429–1511 (1428-1511)
                        • Simon V, Lord 1511–1528 (1471-1536)

Raised to County in 1528.

Counts of Lippe (-Detmold from 1613)^[3]

• Simon V, Count 1528-1536 (1471–1536)
  • Bernhard VIII, Count 1536-1563 (1527–1563)
    • Simon VI, Count 1563-1613 (1554–1613)
      • Simon VII, Count 1613-1627 (1587–1627)
        • Simon Ludwig, Count 1627–1636 (1610-1636)
          • Simon Philipp, Count 1636–1650 (1632-1650)
        • Johann Bernhard, Count 1650–1652 (1613-1652)
        • Hermann Adolf, Count 1652–1666 (1616-1666)
          • Simon Heinrich, Count 1666-1697 (1649-1697)
            • Friedrich Adolf, Count 1697-1718 (1667–1718)
              • Simon Heinrich Adolf, Count 1718-1734 (1694–1734)
                • Simon August, Count 1734-1782 (1727–1782)
                  • Leopold I, Count 1782-1789 (1767–1802)
        • Jobst Hermann, Count of Lippe-Sternberg-Schwalenberg (1625-1678), ancestor of Lippe-Biesterfeld, currently senior branch

Raised to Principality 1789.

Princes of Lippe^[4]

• Leopold I, 1st Prince 1789-1802 (1767–1802)
  • Leopold II, 2nd Prince 1802-1851 (1796–1851)
    • Leopold III, 3rd Prince 1851–1875 (1821-1875)
    • Woldemar, 4th Prince 1875–1895 (1824-1895)
    • Alexander, 5th Prince 1895–1905 (1831-1905), mentally ill, regents ruled

Lippe-Biesterfeld line (see ancestor Jobst Hermann above) succeeded as senior line:

• Ernst II, Count of Lippe-Biesterfeld 1884-1904 (1842-1904), 6 generations from Count Jobst Hermann
  • Leopold IV, Count of Lippe-Biesterfeld 1904-1905, 6th Prince of Lippe 1905-1949 (1871-1949), abdicated 1918
    • Armin, 7th Prince 1949–2015 (1924-2015)
      • Stephan, 8th Prince 2015–present (born 1959)
        • Bernhard Leopold, Hereditary Prince of Lippe (born 1995)
        • Prince Heinrich Otto (born 1997)
        • Prince Benjamin (born 1999)
  • Prince Julius Ernst (1873-1952)
    • Prince Ernst August (1917-1990)
      • Prince Friedrich Wilhelm (born out of wedlock 1947)
      • Prince Ernst August (born 1952)

See also

• List of consorts of Lippe
• Ostwestfalen-Lippe

Notes

1. Chisholm 1911, p. 740.
2. Marek, Miroslav. "lippe/lippe1.html". genealogy.euweb.cz.
3. Marek, Miroslav. "lippe/lippe3.html". genealogy.euweb.cz.
4. Marek, Miroslav. "lippe/lippe4.html". genealogy.euweb.cz.

References

• German Genealogy: Lippe (-Detmold)

Attribution

•  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Lippe". Encyclopædia Britannica. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 740–741. Endonotes:
  • A. Falkmann, Beitrdge zur Geschichte des Furstenthums Lippe (Detmold, 1857-1892; 6 vols.);
  • Schwanold, Das Furstentum Lippe, das Land und seine Bewohner (Detmold, 1899);
  • Piderit, Die lippischen Edelherrn im Mittelalter (Detmold, 1876);
  • A. Falkmann and O. Preuss, Lippische Regenten (Detmold, 1860-1868);
  • H. Triepel, Der Streit um die Thronfolge im Furstentum Lippe (Leipzig, 1903);
  • P. Laband, Die Thronfolge tm Furstentum Lippe' (Freiburg, 1891);
  • Schiedsspruch in dem Rechtstreit uber die Thronfolge im Furstentum Lippe vom 25 Okl. 1905 (Leipzig, 1906).

External links

• Ordinances and by-laws of the county of Lippe online (German)
• Guidelines for the integration of the Land Lippe within the territory of the federal state North-Rhine-Westphalia of 17 January 1947 (German)