List of power plants in the Philippines
The following are lists of some of the power plants in the Philippines.
Renewable
Total all Renewable Power Source = 6667.28 MW
Hydroelectric
Station | Capacity (MW) | Operator | Commissioned | Location | Status | Ref | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Community | Coordinates | ||||||
Agus 1 Hydroelectric Power Plant | 80.00 | 1994 | Marawi City, Lanao del Sur | Operational | |||
Ambuklao Hydroelectric Power Plant | 105.00 | 2011 | Bokod, Benguet | Operational | |||
Agus 6 Hydroelectric Power Plant | 200.00 | 1953, 1977 | Iligan City, Lanao del Norte | Operational | |||
Agusan 2 Hydroelectric Power Plant | 1.60 | First Gen Corporation | 1957 | Manolo Fortich, Damilag, Bukidnon | 8°21′9″N 124°46′8″E / 8.35250°N 124.76889°E | Operational | [1] |
Ampohaw Hydro | 8.00 | 1991,1997 | Sablan, Benguet | Operational | [3] | ||
Angat Dam | 256.00 | 1968, 1978, 1992 | Norzagaray, Bulacan | Operational | |||
Bakun AC Hydro | 70.00 | 2001 | Alilem, Ilocos Sur | Operational | [3] | ||
Bineng Hydro 1 | 3.20 | 1991,1994 | La Trinidad, Benguet | Operational | [3] | ||
Bineng Hydro 2 | 2.00 | 1991, 1996 | La Trinidad, Benguet | Operational | [3] | ||
Bineng Hydro 2b | 0.75 | 1992 | La Trinidad, Benguet | Operational | [3] | ||
Bineng Hydro 3 | 4.50 | 1992, 1994, 1996 | La Trinidad, Benguet | Operational | [3] | ||
Binga Hydroelectric Power Plant | 140.00 | 2013 | Itogon, Benguet | Operational | |||
Bubunawan Run of River Hydroelectric Power plant | 32.00 | First Gen Corporation | 2021 | Agusan Del Norte | Under construction | [2][4] | |
Ferdinand L Singit Hydro | 5.90 | 1993 | Bakun, Benguet | Operational | [3] | ||
Irisan Hydro 1 | 3.80 | 2011 | Tuba, Benguet | Operational | [3] | ||
Irisan Hydro 3 | 1.20 | 1991 | Tuba, Benguet | Operational | [3] | ||
Kalayaan Pumped-Storage Hydroelectric Project | 685.00 | 1983 | Kalayaan, Laguna | 14°19′2″N 121°28′27″E / 14.31722°N 121.47417°E | Operational | ||
Lon-oy Hydro | 3.60 | 1993 | Lon-oy, San Gabriel, La Union | Operational | [3] | ||
Lower Labay Hydro | 2.40 | 1993 | Bakun, Benguet | Operational | [3] | ||
Magat Dam | 360.00 | 1984 | Ramon, Isabela | 16°49′03″N 121°27′11″E / 16.81750°N 121.45306°E | Operational | ||
Pulangi Hydroelectric Power Plant | 255.00 | 1986 | Maramag, Bukidnon | Operational | |||
Pantabangan - Masiway Hydroelectric Power Plant | 132.00 | First Gen Corporation | 1977, 1980, 2010 | Pantabangan, Nueva Ecija | 15°48′40.7268″N 121°06′29.7396″E / 15.811313000°N 121.108261000°E | Operational | [2] |
Sal-Angan Hydro | 2.40 | 1991 | Itogon, Benguet | Operational | [3] | ||
San Roque Dam | 345.00 | 2003 | San Manuel and San Nicolas Pangasinan | 14°43′00″N 121°05′00″E / 14.71667°N 121.08333°E | Operational | ||
Sibulan Hydro A | 16.50 | 2010 | Santa Cruz, Davao del Sur | Operational | [3] | ||
Sibulan Hydro B | 26.00 | 2010 | Santa Cruz, Davao del Sur | Operational | [3] | ||
Talomo Hydro 1 | 1.00 | 1992 | Brgy. Malagos, Davao City | Operational | [3] | ||
Talomo Hydro 2 | 0.60 | 2005 | Brgy. Mintal, Davao City | Operational | [3] | ||
Talomo Hydro 2A | 0.65 | 2005 | Brgy. Mintal, Davao City | Operational | [3] | ||
Talomo Hydro 2B | 0.30 | 2005 | Brgy. Mintal, Davao City | Operational | [3] | ||
Talomo Hydro 3 | 1.92 | 2005 | Brgy. Catalunan Pequeño, Davao City | Operational | [3] | ||
Sabangan Hydro | 14.00 | 2015 | Sabangan, Mt. Province | Under-Construction | [3] | ||
Linao Cawayan Mini-Hydro Power Plant | 3.00 | 2014 | Oriental Mindoro | Operational | [3] | ||
Total |
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
Geothermal
Station | Capacity (MW) | Commissioned | Community | Coordinates | Status | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
BacMan Geothermal Production Field Energy Development Corporation (Produces steam for BacMan 1 and 2 power plants. Total 140 MW) | 0 | 1979 | Sorsogon City, Sorsogon | 13°03′16.9160″N 123°57′55.6333″E / 13.054698889°N 123.965453694°E | Operational | [2] |
BacMan 1 Geothermal Power Station Energy Development Corporation (Steam is from BacMan Geothermal Production Field) | 120 | 1993 | Sorsogon City, Sorsogon | 13°03′16.9160″N 123°57′55.6333″E / 13.054698889°N 123.965453694°E | Operational | [2] |
BacMan 2 Geothermal Power Station Energy Development Corporation (Steam is from BacMan Geothermal Production Field) | 20 | 1995 | Sorsogon City, Sorsogon | 13°03′16.9160″N 123°57′55.6333″E / 13.054698889°N 123.965453694°E | Operational | [2] |
Leyte Geothermal Production Field Energy Development Corporation (produces steam for Malitbog, Mahanagdong, Upper Mahiao and Leyte Optimization Power Plants. 588.4 MW total) | 0 | 1975 | Kananga, Leyte and Ormoc City, Leyte | 11°8′30.1693″N 124°37′11.9608″E / 11.141713694°N 124.619989111°E | Operational | |
Malitbog Geothermal Power Station (Steam is from Leyte Geothermal Production Field) | 232.5 | 1996 | Malitbog, Tongonan, Kananga, Leyte | 11°9′7″N 124°38′58″E / 11.15194°N 124.64944°E | Operational | [2] |
Upper Mahiao Geothermal Power Station (Steam is from Leyte Geothermal Production Field) | 125 | 1996 | Limao, Kananga, Leyte | 11°10′25.0889″N 124°37′40.2938″E / 11.173635806°N 124.627859389°E | Operational | [2] |
Mahanagdong Geothermal Power Station (Steam is from Leyte Geothermal Production Field) | 180 | 1997 | Ormoc City, Leyte | 11°10′25.0889″N 124°37′40.2938″E / 11.173635806°N 124.627859389°E | Operational | [2] |
Leyte Optimization Geothermal Power Station (Steam is from Leyte Geothermal Production Field) | 50.9 | 1997 | Tongonan and Limao, Kananga, Leyte | 11°10′25.0889″N 124°37′40.2938″E / 11.173635806°N 124.627859389°E | Operational | [2] |
Tongonan Geothermal Power Plant (Steam is from Leyte Geothermal Production Field) | 112.5 | 1982 | Limao, Kananga, Leyte, Leyte | 11°10′25.0889″N 124°37′40.2938″E / 11.173635806°N 124.627859389°E | Operational | [2] |
Mindanao Geothermal Production Field Energy Development Corporation (Produces steam for Mindanao 1 and 2 power plants. Total 106 MW) | 0 | 1987 | Mount Apo, Kidapawan City, North Cotabato | 7°00′47.9819″N 125°13′07.6865″E / 7.013328306°N 125.218801806°E | Operational | [2] |
Mindanao 1 Geothermal Power Plant (Steam is from Mindanao Geothermal Production Field) | 52 | 1997 | Mount Apo, Kidapawan City, North Cotabato | 7°00′47.9819″N 125°13′07.6865″E / 7.013328306°N 125.218801806°E | Operational | [2] |
Mindanao 2 Geothermal Power Plant (Steam is from Mindanao Geothermal Production Field) | 54 | 1999 | Mount Apo, Kidapawan City, North Cotabato | 7°00′47.9819″N 125°13′07.6865″E / 7.013328306°N 125.218801806°E | Operational | [2] |
Northern Negros Geothermal Production Field Energy Development Corporation | 0 | Murcia, Negros Occidental | 10°28′55.3483″N 123°05′58.8563″E / 10.482041194°N 123.099682306°E | decommissioned | [8] | |
Southern Negros Geothermal Production Field Energy Development Corporation (Produces steam for Palimpinon 1 & 2, Nasulo geothermal powerplants. Total 221.9 MW) | 0 | 1983, 1993 - 1994, 1995 | Valencia, Negros Oriental | 9°17′14.6317″N 123°14′20.9170″E / 9.287397694°N 123.239143611°E | Operational | [2] |
Palinpinon 1 Geothermal Power Plant (Steam is from Southern Negros Geothermal Production Field) | 112.5 | 1983, 1993 - 1994, 1995 | Valencia, Negros Oriental | 9°17′14.6317″N 123°14′20.9170″E / 9.287397694°N 123.239143611°E | Operational | [2] |
Palinpinon 2 Geothermal Power Plant (Steam is from Southern Negros Geothermal Production Field) | 60 | 1983, 1993 - 1994, 1995 | Valencia, Negros Oriental | 9°17′14.6317″N 123°14′20.9170″E / 9.287397694°N 123.239143611°E | Operational | [2] |
Nasulo Geothermal Power Plant (Steam is from Southern Negros Geothermal Production Field) | 49.4 | 2015 | Valencia, Negros Oriental | 9°17′14.6317″N 123°14′20.9170″E / 9.287397694°N 123.239143611°E | Operational | [2] |
Tiwi Geothermal Power Plant | 275 | 1979 | Tiwi, Albay | 13°27′56″N 123°38′55″E / 13.46556°N 123.64861°E | Operational | [9] |
Maibarara Geothermal Power Plant | 20 | 2014 | Santo Tomas, Batangas | Operational | ||
Makiling-Banahaw (Mak-Ban) Geothermal Power Plant | 480 | 1979, 1980, 1984, 1996 | Brgy. Bitin, Bay, Laguna | 14°5′17″N 121°13′35″E / 14.08806°N 121.22639°E | Operational | |
Ampiro Geothermal Power Project | 30 | Misamis Occidental | Proposed | |||
Mt. Sibulan-Kapatagan Geothermal Power Project | 300 | Davao del Sur | Proposed | |||
Balatukan-Balingasag Geothermal Prospect | 40 | Balingasag, Misamis Oriental | Proposed | |||
Lakewood Geothermal Prospect | 40 | Lakewood, Zamboanga del Sur | Proposed | |||
Montelgao Power Plant | 44 | 2016 | Oriental Mindoro | Operational | ||
Biliran Geothermal Plant | 49 | 2016 | Biliran | Under Construction | ||
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
Solar/photovoltaic
Station | Capacity (MW) | Commissioned | Community | Coordinates | Status | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Burgos Solar Power Plant (Energy Development Corporation) | 4.1 | 2015 | Burgos, Ilocos Norte | 18°30′58″N 120°38′46″E / 18.51611°N 120.64611°E | Operational | [2] |
CEPALCO Cagayan de Oro Photovoltaic Power Plant | 1.1 | 2004 | Cagayan de Oro, Misamis Oriental | Operational | [10][11] | |
Surallah Photovoltaic Power Plant | 5 | Surallah, South Cotabato | Under-construction | [12] | ||
Philippine Solar Farm Leyte Inc. (PSFLI) | 30 | March 2015 | Ormoc City, Leyte | Operational | [13] | |
Badoc-Vintar Photovoltaic Power Plant | 20 | Badoc and Vintar, Ilocos Norte | Approved | [14] | ||
SaCaSol I | 45 | 2014 | San Carlos City, Negros Occidental | Operational | [15] | |
islaSol I | 32 | La Carlota, Negros Occidental | Operational | [15] | ||
islaSol II | 48 | Manapla, Negros Occidental | Operational | |||
ECOGLOBAL INC. | 100 - 300 | 2015 | ZamboEcozone , Zamboanga City | 7°00′13.37″N 121°55′25.63″E / 7.0037139°N 121.9237861°E | Under-construction | |
ADI | 2 | March 25, 2015 | Batangas | Operational | ||
Solar Philippines | 63.3 | 2016 | Calatagan Batangas | Operational | ||
Solar Philippines | 1.5 | Sept. 20,2014 | SM Mall North Edsa | Operational | ||
Solar Philippines | 0.7 | Nov. 24,2015 | Central Mall Binan Laguna | Operational | ||
Raslag | 10 | January, 2015 | Mexico, Pampanga | Operational | ||
Valenzuela Solar Energy, Inc | 8.6 | Nov.28,2015 | Valenzuela, Metro Manila | Operational | ||
MIRAE Asia Energy Corp. | 20 | Feb.10,2016 | Curimao, Ilocos Norte | Operational | ||
Cadiz Solar Power Plant | 132.5 | 2016 | Cadiz, Negros Occidental | Operational | ||
Sindicatum Renewable Energy | 22 | 2016 | Mabalacat City,Pampanga | Operational | ||
Enfinity S.A. | 28.6 | 2016 | Digos, Davao Del Sur | Operational | ||
Citycor Power's | 25 | 2016 | Silay City, Negros Occidental | Operational | ||
Wind power plants
Station | Capacity (MW) | Commissioned | Community | Coordinates | Status | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Burgos Wind Farm (Energy Development Corporation) | 150 | 2014 | Burgos, Ilocos Norte | 18°30′58″N 120°38′46″E / 18.51611°N 120.64611°E | Operational | [2][5] |
Philippine Wind Farm | 48 | Puerto Galera, Mindoro | 18°31′40″N 120°42′50″E / 18.52778°N 120.71389°E | Under construction | [16] | |
Bangui Wind Farm | 33 | 2005 | Bangui, Ilocos Norte | 18°31′40″N 120°42′50″E / 18.52778°N 120.71389°E | Operational | |
Caparispisan Wind Farm | 81 | 2014 | Pagudpud, Ilocos Norte | 18°36′17″N 120°47′54″E / 18.60472°N 120.79833°E | Operational | |
San Lorenzo Wind Farm | 54 | 2014 | San Lorenzo, Guimaras | Operational | [17] | |
Pililla Wind Farm | 54 | 2015 | Pililla, Rizal | Under-Construction | ||
Sembrano Wind Farm | 72 | Pililla, Rizal | Under-Construction | |||
Biomass Power
Station | Capacity (MW) | Commissioned | Community | Coordinates | Status | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
North Negros BioPower | 24.9 | 2018 | Manapla, Negros Occidental | Proposed | ||
CLEAN GREEN Energy Corp. | 12 | 2017 | Bagag, Bataan | Under-Construction | ||
Green Power Panay Phil Inc | 35 | 2016 | Mina, Iloilo | Under-Construction | ||
Green Power Bukidnon Phil Inc | 35 | 2016 | Maramag, Bukidnon | Under-Construction | ||
Green Power Alcala Phil Inc | 35 | 2016 | Alcala, Cagayan | Under-Construction | ||
Kalilangan Biomass Energy Corporation | 10 | 2017 | TBA, Mindanao | Under-Construction | ||
Don Carlos Biomass Energy Corporation, | 10 | 2017 | TBA, Mindanao | Under-Construction | ||
Misamis Oriental Biomass Energy Corporatio | 12 | 2017 | Misamis, Oriental | Under-Construction | ||
Aseagas Corporation | 8.8 | 2015 | Lian, Batangas | Operational | ||
San Carlos BioPower | 19.9 | 2015 | San Carlos City, Negros Occidental | Operational | ||
Isabela Biomass Energy Corporation (IBEC) | 18 | 2015 | Alicia, Isabela | Operational | ||
Asea One Power | 42 | 2014 | Aklan, Panay | Operational | ||
Non-renewable
Coal
Station | Capacity (MW) | Commissioned | Community | Coordinates | Status | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Tokyo Electric Power Marubeni | 1294 | 1999 | Sual, Pangasinan | 16°6′24″N 120°5′17″E / 16.10667°N 120.08806°E | Operational | [18] |
AES Corp. | 600 | 1998 | Masinloc, Zambales | 15°34′02″N 119°55′22″E / 15.56722°N 119.92278°E | Operational | [18] |
EGCO Group | 511 | 2000 | Mauban, Quezon | 14°13′45″N 121°45′18″E / 14.22917°N 121.75500°E | Operational | [18] |
Tokyo Electric Power Marubeni | 728 | 1996 | Pagbilao, Quezon | 13°53′35″N 121°44′42″E / 13.89306°N 121.74500°E | Operational | [18] |
Mariveles Coal-Fired Power Plant | 651.6 | 2013 | Mariveles Bataan | 14°25′21″N 120°32′15″E / 14.42250°N 120.53750°E | Operational | [18] |
DMCI Holdings | 600 | 1984, 1995 | Calaca, Batangas | 13°55′49″N 120°47′19″E / 13.93028°N 120.78861°E | Operational | [18] |
APEC | 50 | 2006 | Mabalacat, Pampanga | 15°14′08″N 120°36′37″E / 15.23556°N 120.61028°E | Operational | [18] |
SMC Consolidated Power Corp | 600 | 2016 | Limay, Bataan | 14°56′6″N 120°36′37″E / 14.93500°N 120.61028°E | Operational | [18] |
Toledo Power Corp(Metrobank) | 246 | 1993 | Toledo, Cebu | Operational | [19] | |
KEPCO-SPC Power Plant | 200 | 2011 | Naga, Cebu | Operational | [19] | |
STEAG GMBH | 232 | 2006 | Villanueva, Misamis Oriental | Operational | [19] | |
Lanao Kauswagan power station | 552 | 2017 | Kauswagan ,Lanao Del Norte | under Construction | [19] | |
PEDC Coal Fired Power Plant | 167.4 | Lapaz,Iloilo City, Iloilo | Operational | [20] | ||
Therma South Inc. | 300 | 2015 | Brgy. Binugao, Toril District, Davao City | Operational | ||
Sultan Energy Philippines | 200 | 2012 | Sultan Kudarat | Operational | ||
SMI Power Corp. | 500 | 2016 | Malag, Davao Del Sur | Operational | ||
Total | 7432 MW |
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
Diesel
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
Station | Capacity (MW) | Commissioned | Community | Coordinates | Status | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bohol Diesel Power Plant | 11 | 1978, 1986, 1996 | Tagbilaran, Bohol | Operational | [23] | |
SPC Cebu Diesel Power Plant | 43.8 | 1994 | Naga City, Cebu | Operational | [23][24] | |
Cebu Private Power Corporation | 43.8 | 1994 | Cebu | Operational | [23][24] | |
Panay Diesel Power Plant | 74.9 | 1999 | Iloilo City, Iloilo | Operational | [23][24] | |
CELCOR Power Plant | 26.5 | 1996 | Cabanatuan, Nueva Ecija | Operational | [24] | |
Western Mindanao Power Corporation | 100 | 1997 | Brgy. Sangali, Zamboanga City | 7°04′58.4″N 122°12′56.9″E / 7.082889°N 122.215806°E | Operational | |
Natural gas
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
Station | Capacity (MW) | Commissioned | Community | Coordinates | Status | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ilijan Combined Cycle Power Plant | 1200 | 2000 | Batangas City, Batangas | Operational | [25] | |
San Gabriel Combined Cycle Power Plant | 414 | 2016 | Batangas City, Batangas | 13°46′16.7344″N 121°01′33.8733″E / 13.771315111°N 121.026075917°E | Under construction | [2][26] |
San Lorenzo Combined Cycle Power Plant | 500 | 2002 | Batangas City, Batangas | 13°46′16.7344″N 121°01′33.8733″E / 13.771315111°N 121.026075917°E | Operational | [2] |
Santa Rita Combined Cycle Power Plant | 1000 | 1997 | Batangas City, Batangas | 13°46′16.7344″N 121°01′33.8733″E / 13.771315111°N 121.026075917°E | Operational | [2] |
Avion Open Cycle Power Plant | 97 | 2016 | Batangas City, Batangas | 13°46′16.7344″N 121°01′33.8733″E / 13.771315111°N 121.026075917°E | Under construction | [2][27] |
Oil
This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
Station | Capacity (MW) | Commissioned | Community | Coordinates | Status | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sucat Thermal Power Plant | 850 | 1986 | Muntinlupa | Decommissioned, For auction for recommissioning | ||
Bataan Combined Cycle Power Plant | 540 | 1991 | Bataan | Operational | ||
Nuclear
Station | Capacity (MW) | Commissioned | Community | Coordinates | Status | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bataan Nuclear Power Plant | 621 | N/A | Morong, Bataan | 14°37′45″N 120°18′49″E / 14.62917°N 120.31361°E | Completed but Never Operated | |
.
See also
- Geothermal power in the Philippines
- List of power stations in Asia
- List of largest power stations in the world
References
- ↑ "Agusan 2 Hydro Power PLant".
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 "Power Plants of First Gen Corporation".
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 "Hedcor Inc - Our Plants". Retrieved 4 September 2015.
- ↑ "First Gen Eyes operations of Bubunawan Hydro by 2021.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 "Power Plants of Energy Development Corporation".
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 "Geothermal Development in the Philippines: The Country Update".
- 1 2 3 "RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT IN MINDANAO GEOTHERMAL PRODUCTION FIELD, PHILIPPINES".
- ↑ "Our Projects - Operating Geothermal Sites". Energy Development Corporation. Retrieved on 2011-03-06.
- ↑ "Tiwi Geothermal Field". National Geothermal Association of the Philippines. Retrieved on 2011-03-06.
- ↑ http://www.vistapinas.com/article/cepalco-1-mw-photovoltaic-power-plant
- ↑ http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/252532/green-energy-offers-hope-to-mindanao
- ↑ http://www.sunstar.com.ph/davao/business/2013/06/29/construction-philippines-largest-solar-plant-set-sept-289787
- ↑ http://manilastandardtoday.com/2013/06/18/govt-okays-30-mw-leyte-solar-station/
- ↑ http://www.philstar.com/nation/2013/08/12/1082361/ilocos-norte-towns-korean-firm-ink-deal-countrys-biggest-solar-plant
- 1 2 http://www.experiencenegros.com/negros-occidental-renewable-energy/
- ↑ Calderon, Justin (22 May 2013). "Philippines schedules largest wind farms". Inside Investor. Retrieved 30 May 2013.
- ↑ http://www.philstar.com/business/2015/05/20/1456543/trans-asia-unit-connect-guimaras-wind-farm-grid
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "2012 List of Existing Power Plants-Luzon" (PDF). Department of Energy, The Philippines. Retrieved 26 March 2014.
- 1 2 3 4 Miras, J.C. "Coal-Fired Power Plants in the Philippines". Retrieved 26 March 2014.
- ↑ Coal-Fired Power Plants in the Philippines
- ↑
- ↑
- 1 2 3 4 "Power Plant Profiles"
- 1 2 3 4 http://www.editgrid.com/user/nicknich3/DOE_List_of_Philippine_Power_Plants.html
- ↑ https://online.platts.com/PPS/P=m&s=1029337384756.1478827&e=1096495472414.2240023308785804128/?artnum=T20F04Q072wW6O160440OC_1
- ↑ "Siemens Power to build 414 MW San Gabriel Combined Cycle Power Plant for First Gen".
- ↑ "Delay Prompts First Gen to terminate contract with IEG".
External links
- Power Plant Profiles (Philippines)
- Hydroelectric Power Plants in the Philippines
- Geothermal Power Plants in the Philippines
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