Madelyn Dunham

Madelyn Dunham
Born Madelyn Lee Payne
(1922-10-26)October 26, 1922
Peru, Kansas, U.S.
Died November 2, 2008(2008-11-02) (aged 86)
Honolulu, Hawaii, U.S.
Resting place Pacific Ocean off Koko Head, Oahu, Hawaii, U.S.
Other names "Toot"
Citizenship American
Alma mater University of Washington
Occupation Vice President at the Bank of Hawaii
Known for Maternal grandmother of Barack Obama
Religion Methodist
Spouse(s) Stanley Armour Dunham
(m. 1940; d. 1992)
Children Stanley Ann Dunham
Parent(s) Rolla Charles Payne
and Leona Belle McCurry[1]
Relatives Charles Thomas Payne (brother)
Barack Obama (grandson)

Madelyn Lee Payne Dunham (/ˈdʌnəm/ DUN-əm; October 26, 1922[2] – November 2, 2008) was the American maternal grandmother of Barack Obama, the 44th and current President of the United States. She and her husband Stanley Armour Dunham raised Obama from age ten in their Honolulu, Hawaii, apartment, where on November 2, 2008, she died[3] two days before her grandson was elected President.

Early life

Madelyn Lee Payne was born in Peru, Kansas, the eldest of four children of Rolla Charles "R.C." Payne (August 23, 1892 – October 15, 1968)[4] and Leona Belle (McCurry) Payne (May 7, 1897 – March 22, 1968).[5] In Barack Obama's memoir, Dreams From My Father, he describes them as "stern Methodist parents who did not believe in drinking, playing cards, or dancing." She moved with her parents to Augusta, Kansas at the age of three.[2] Madelyn was an honor roll student and one of the best students at Augusta High School, where she graduated in 1940.[6] Despite her strict upbringing, she liked to go to Wichita, Kansas to see big band concerts.[7] While in Wichita, she met Stanley Dunham from El Dorado, Kansas,[7] and the two married on May 5, 1940, the night of Madelyn's senior prom.[7]

Adult life

World War II

During World War II, Stanley Dunham enlisted in the Army. Madelyn worked the night shift on a Boeing B-29 assembly line in Wichita. Her brother Charlie Payne was part of the 89th Infantry Division, which liberated the Nazi concentration camp at Ohrdruf, a subcamp of Buchenwald,[8] a fact Barack Obama has referred to in speeches.[9] Madelyn gave birth to their only child, a daughter named Stanley Ann, who was later known as Ann, at St. Francis Hospital in Wichita on November 29, 1942.[10]

Post-World War II

With Madelyn and Stanley both working full-time, the family moved to Berkeley, California, Ponca City, Oklahoma,[11] Vernon, Texas,[12] El Dorado, Kansas, Seattle, Washington and finally settled in Mercer Island, Washington, where Ann graduated from Mercer Island High School. In El Dorado, Kansas, Stanley had managed a furniture store while Madelyn worked in restaurants. In Seattle, Stanley worked in a bigger furniture store (Standard-Grunbaum Furniture) while Madelyn eventually became vice-president of a local bank. Mercer Island was then "a rural, idyllic place," quiet, politically conservative and all white.[7] Madelyn and Stanley attended church at the East Shore Unitarian Church in Bellevue.[7] While in Washington Madelyn attended the University of Washington although she never completed a degree.[2]

Hawaii

The Dunhams then moved to Honolulu, Hawaii, where Stanley found a better furniture store opportunity, and Madelyn started working at the Bank of Hawaii in 1960 and was promoted to be one of the first female bank vice presidents in 1970.[2] In 1970s Honolulu, both women and the minority white population were routinely the target of discrimination.[13] Ann attended the University of Hawaii, and while attending a Russian language class, she met Barack Obama, Sr., a graduate student from Kenya. Stanley and Madelyn were unhappy about Ann's marriage to Obama, Sr., particularly after receiving a long, angry letter from his father who "didn't want the Obama blood sullied by a white woman."[7] The Dunhams adapted, however, as Madelyn was quoted as saying, "I am a little dubious of the things that people from foreign countries tell me."[14]

After Ann and Barack's marriage fell apart, the young Barack Obama, Jr. spent four years with his mother and stepfather Lolo Soetoro in Jakarta, Indonesia. He returned to Honolulu at age ten to live with his maternal grandparents in the Makiki district of Honolulu and enrolled in the fifth grade at the Punahou School. The tuition fees for the prestigious preparatory school were paid with the aid of scholarships. Ann would later come back to Hawaii and pursue graduate studies; she eventually earned a PhD in anthropology and went on to be employed on development projects in Indonesia and around the world helping impoverished women obtain microfinance. When she returned to Indonesia in 1977 for her Masters' fieldwork, Obama stayed in the United States with his grandparents. Obama writes in his memoir, Dreams From My Father, stated: "I’d arrived at an unspoken pact with my grandparents: I could live with them and they'd leave me alone so long as I kept my trouble out of sight."[14]

Obama and his half-sister Maya Soetoro referred to their maternal grandmother as "Toot" — short for "tutu," the Hawaiian word for grandmother.[15] In his book, Obama described his grandmother as "quiet yet firm", in contrast to Obama's "boisterous" grandfather Stanley.[7] Obama considered his grandmother "a trailblazer of sorts, the first woman vice-president of a local bank."[16] Her colleagues recall her as a "tough boss" who would make you "sink or swim", but who had a "soft spot for those willing to work hard."[13] She retired from the Bank of Hawaii in 1986.

During an interview for Vanity Fair, Obama said, “She was the opposite of a dreamer, at least by the time I knew her... Whether that was always the case or whether she scaled back her dreams as time went on and learned to deal with certain disappointments is not entirely clear. But she was just a very tough, sensible, no-nonsense person.” During his teenage years, it was his grandmother who “injected” into him “a lot of that very midwestern, sort of traditional sense of prudence and hard work,” even though “some of those values didn’t sort of manifest themselves until I got older.”[17]

During an interview with Diane Sawyer, "She never got a college education, but is one of the smartest people I know... She's where I get my practical streak. That part of me that's hardheaded, I get from her. She's tough as nails." Obama said his iconic image of his grandmother was seeing her come home from work and trading her business outfit and girdle for a muumuu, some slippers and a drink and a cigarette.[18]

Later years

Until her death, Dunham lived in the same small high-rise apartment where she raised her grandson Barack. She was an avid bridge player, but mostly stayed at home in her apartment "listening to books on tape and watching her grandson on CNN every day." Madelyn Dunham suffered from severe osteoporosis. In 2008, she underwent both corneal transplant and hip replacement surgeries.[19]

2008 presidential campaign

Madelyn Dunham was generally not seen in the 2008 presidential campaign. In March 2008, the 85-year-old Dunham was quoted as saying, "I am not giving any interviews...I am in poor health."[20]

On March 18, 2008, in a speech on race relations in Philadelphia in the wake of controversial videos of Obama's pastor Jeremiah Wright surfacing, Obama described his grandmother:

I can no more disown him than I can my white grandmother – a woman who helped raise me, a woman who sacrificed again and again for me, a woman who loves me as much as she loves anything in this world, but a woman who once confessed her fear of black men who passed by her on the street, and who on more than one occasion has uttered racial or ethnic stereotypes that made me cringe.[21]

On March 20, 2008, in a radio interview on Philadelphia's WIP, Obama explained this remark by saying:

The point I was making was not that my grandmother harbors any racial animosity – she doesn't. But she is a typical white person, who, if she sees somebody on the street that she doesn't know...there's a reaction that's been bred into our experiences that don't go away and that sometimes come out in the wrong way, and that's just the nature of race in our society.[22][23]

Obama's use of the phrase "typical white person" was highlighted by a columnist for the Philadelphia Daily News and subsequently picked up by commentators on the Huffington Post blog, ABC News and other media outlets.[24][25][26][27] In a CNN interview, when Larry King asked him to clarify the "typical white person" remark, Obama said:

Well, what I meant really was that some of the fears of street crime and some of the stereotypes that go along with that were responses that I think many people feel. She's not extraordinary in that regard. She is somebody that I love as much as anybody. I mean, she has literally helped to raise me. But those are fears that are embedded in our culture, and embedded in our society, and even within our own families, even within a family like mine that is diverse.[27]

Dennis Ching, who worked with her for more than 40 years, "never heard her say anything like that. I never heard her say anything negative about anything." Hawaiian State Senator Sam Slom, who worked with her at the Bank of Hawaii, said "I never heard Madelyn say anything disparaging about people of African ancestry or Asian ancestry or anybody's ancestry."[28] Her brother, Charlie Payne, told the Associated Press that his sister's reaction to being made a campaign issue was "no more than just sort of raised eyebrows."[29]

In April 2008, Madelyn Dunham appeared briefly in her first campaign ad for her grandson, saying that Obama had "a lot of depth, and a broadness of view".[30]

In a September 10, 2008 interview with the Late Show with David Letterman, Obama described his grandmother as follows:

Eighty-seven years old. She can't travel. She has terrible osteoporosis so she can't fly, but, you know, she has been the rock of our family and she is sharp as a tack. I mean, she's just – she follows everything, but she has a very subdued, sort of Midwestern attitude about these things. So when I got nominated, she called and said, "That's nice, Barry, that's nice".[31]

On October 20, 2008, the Obama campaign announced that he would suspend campaign events on October 23 and 24 to spend some time with Dunham. His communications director told reporters that she had fallen ill in the preceding weeks, and that while she was released from the hospital the week before, her health had deteriorated "to the point where her situation is very serious."[32] In an October 23, 2008 interview with CBS News, Obama described his grandmother as follows: "She has really been the rock of the family, the foundation of the family. Whatever strength, discipline – that – that I have – it comes from her".[33]

Death

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On November 2, 2008 (November 3, 2008 in the continental United States), the Obama campaign announced that Madelyn Dunham had "died peacefully after a battle with cancer" in Hawaii.[3][34] Senator Obama and his sister Maya released a statement saying, "She was the cornerstone of our family, and a woman of extraordinary accomplishment, strength, and humility."[35] At a rally in Charlotte, North Carolina on November 3, Obama said, "She was one of those quiet heroes that we have all across America. They’re not famous. Their names are not in the newspapers, but each and every day they work hard. They aren’t seeking the limelight. All they try to do is just do the right thing."[36] Dunham's absentee ballot, received by the election office on October 27, was included in Hawaii's total.[37] On December 23, 2008, after a private memorial service at the First Unitarian Church of Honolulu, Obama and his sister scattered their grandmother's ashes in the ocean at Lanai Lookout. It was the same spot where they had scattered their mother's ashes in 1995. Obama was staying at Plantation Estate at the time.[38]

Ancestry

Madelyn Payne Dunham's heritage consists mostly of English ancestors, and smaller amounts of Scottish, Welsh, Irish, and German ancestors, who settled in the American colonies during the 17th and 18th centuries.[39][40][41] Her most recent native European ancestor was her great-great grandfather, Robert Perry, who was born in Anglesey, Wales in 1786 and whose father, Henry Perry, first settled Radnor, Ohio in 1803. Robert Perry's wife, Sarah Hoskins, was also born in Wales and immigrated to Delaware County, Ohio as a young child.[42]

According to oral tradition, her mother had some Cherokee ancestors, although researchers have found no concrete evidence of this to date.[43][44][45] Ancestry.com announced on July 30, 2012, that by using a combination of old documents and yDNA analysis her mother's family may be descended from African John Punch, who was an indentured servant/slave in seventeenth-century colonial Virginia.[46][47] The DNA evidence suggests that Punch was of Sub-Saharan origin, possibly from Cameroon.[47]

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stanley Armour Dunham
(1918–1992)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Stanley Ann Dunham
(1942–1995)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Benjamin F. Payne
(1839–1878)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Charles Thomas Payne
(1861–1940)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Eliza C. Black
(1837–1921)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rolla Charles Payne
(1892–1968)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Robert Wolfley
(c. 1834–1895)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Della L. Wolfley
(1863–1906)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Rachel Abbott
(1835–1911)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Madelyn Lee Payne
(1922–2008)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Harbin Wilburn McCurry
(1823–1899)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Thomas Creekmore McCurry
(1850–1939)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Elizabeth Edna Creekmore
(1827–1918)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Leona Belle McCurry
(1897–1968)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Joseph Samuel Wright
(1818–1894)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Margaret Belle Wright
(1869–1935)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Frances Allred
(1834–1918)
 
 
 
 
 
 

Ancestry chart source: New England Historic Genealogical Society[48]

References

  1. ↑ Powell, Kimberly. "Ancestry of Barack Obama – Fourth Generation". About.com. Retrieved March 19, 2008.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Nakaso, Dan (March 30, 2008). "Obama's tutu a female pioneer in Hawaii banking". Honolulu Advertiser. Retrieved April 4, 2008.
  3. 1 2 Murray, Shailagh (November 3, 2008). "Obama's Grandmother Dies". Washington Post. Retrieved November 3, 2008.
  4. ↑ "Rolla Charles Payne". January 5, 2009.
  5. ↑ "Leona Belle McCurry Payne". January 5, 2009.
  6. ↑ "President Obama: From Kansas to the Capital, Part 1-4". Kake.com. Retrieved January 9, 2011.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Jones, Tim (March 27, 2007). "Obama's mom: Not just a girl from Kansas". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on November 24, 2007. Retrieved March 22, 2008.
  8. ↑ "Obama mistaken on name of Nazi death camp" (NewsOk.com). Associated Press. May 28, 2008. Retrieved October 21, 2008.
  9. ↑ Obama, Barack (June 4, 2008). "AIPAC Policy Conference 2008" (PDF). American Israel Public Affairs Committee.
  10. ↑ "Obama seeks foothold in America's heartland". Kansas City Star. January 29, 2008. Retrieved March 22, 2008.
  11. ↑ http://www.kjrh.com/news/state/story/Obamas-grandparents-and-mom-once-lived-in-Okla/uJkpHEMhkkCDdNIquCC3hQ.cspx
  12. ↑
  13. 1 2 Nakaso, Dan (April 11, 2008). "Family precedent: Obama's grandmother blazed trails". USA Today. Retrieved April 11, 2008.
  14. 1 2 Scott, Janny (March 14, 2008). "A Free-Spirited Wanderer Who Set Obama's Path". The New York Times. Retrieved March 22, 2008.
  15. ↑ Nakaso, Dan (October 25, 2008). "Obama's Hawaii Trip: Family Comes First". Time. Retrieved October 26, 2008.
  16. ↑ Fornek, Scott (September 9, 2007). "Madelyn Payne Dunham: A trailblazer". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved March 22, 2008.
  17. ↑ Purdum, Todd (October 20, 2009). "Raising Obama | Politics". Vanity Fair. Retrieved January 9, 2011.
  18. ↑ "Barack Obama: A Childhood of Loss and Love - ABC News". Abcnews.go.com. September 26, 2008. Retrieved January 9, 2011.
  19. ↑ Zeleny, Jeff (October 24, 2008). "Obama Makes Visit to a Most Beloved Supporter". New York Times. Retrieved October 26, 2008.
  20. ↑ Nichols, Hans (March 14, 2008). "Obama's "Aloha" Days In The Spotlight". CBS News. Retrieved March 14, 2008.
  21. ↑ "'A more perfect union': Full transcript of Obama's speech on race as prepared for delivery". msnbc.com. March 18, 2008. Retrieved March 18, 2008.
  22. ↑ "Barack Obama Interview – 610 WIP Morning Show". WIP Radio. March 20, 2008. Retrieved March 23, 2008.
  23. ↑ Dorning, Mike (March 21, 2008). "Obama, Clinton push economic messages". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved March 23, 2008.
  24. ↑ Gross, Dan (March 20, 2008). "Obama on WIP: My grandmother's a "typical white person"". Philly Gossip. Philadelphia, PA: Philadelphia Daily News. Retrieved March 22, 2008.
  25. ↑ Marsh, Tyler (March 20, 2008). "Obama: Grandmother "Typical White Person"". Huffington Post. Retrieved March 22, 2008.
  26. ↑ Tapper, Jake (March 20, 2008). "Obama Talks More About 'Typical White Person' Grandmother". Political Punch blog. ABC News. Retrieved March 22, 2008.
  27. 1 2 Mucha, Peter (March 22, 2008). "Obama's "typical white person" makes waves". Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved March 22, 2008.
  28. ↑ Nakaso, Dan (April 8, 2008). "Family precedent: Obama's grandmother blazed trails". USA Today. Retrieved October 26, 2008.
  29. ↑ Breed, Allen G. (October 21, 2008). "Obama's grandmother fights to see him elected". Associated Press. Archived from the original on October 24, 2008. Retrieved October 26, 2008.
  30. ↑ Memmott, Mark (April 8, 2008). "Obama's latest Pa. ad features testimonials from the women in his life". On Politics. USA Today. Retrieved April 8, 2008.
  31. ↑ Obama, Barack (September 10, 2008). "Sen. Barack Obama: The presidential hopeful tackles the "lipstick on a pig" controversy and other campaign topics.". Late Show with David Letterman (Interview: video). Interview with David Letterman. New York: CBS. Retrieved November 3, 2008.
  32. ↑ Loven, Jennifer (October 20, 2008). "Obama leaving campaign trail to visit grandmother". Associated Press. Archived from the original on October 26, 2008. Retrieved October 26, 2008.
  33. ↑ Smith, Harry (October 23, 2008). "Obama "Can't Imagine" Using McCain Tactics" (CBS News). The Early Show. Retrieved October 26, 2008.
  34. ↑ Pickler, Nedra (November 3, 2008). "Obama's grandmother dies a day before election". Associated Press. Retrieved November 3, 2008.
  35. ↑ "Obama's Grandmother Dies of Cancer". New York Times. Reuters. November 3, 2008. Retrieved November 3, 2008.
  36. ↑ Zeleny, Jeff (November 3, 2008). "On Eve of Election, Obama Pays Tribute to Grandmother Who Died in Hawaii". The New York Times. Retrieved November 3, 2008.
  37. ↑ "Vote cast by Barack Obama's grandmother in Hawaii will count, officials say". Los Angeles Times. November 5, 2008. Retrieved November 10, 2008. Article only credits "Associated Press" as author.
  38. ↑ Chris Bailey (December 24, 2008). "Obama bids farewell to grandmother on Oahu coast". Hawaii magazine. Retrieved December 26, 2008.
  39. ↑ Forek, Scott (September 9, 2007). "John Wilson and Ruth Wilburn Wilson". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved June 4, 2009.
  40. ↑ Forek, Scott (September 9, 2007). "Edward McCurry". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved June 4, 2009.
  41. ↑ Noelting, Christoph (June 4, 2009). "Researchers say Obama has German roots". Associated Press. Retrieved June 4, 2009.
  42. ↑ Williamson, David (July 5, 2008). "Wales link in US presidential candidate's past". Western Mail. Retrieved March 29, 2009.
  43. ↑ Reitwiesner, William Addams. "Ancestry of Barack Obama". Retrieved October 9, 2008.
  44. ↑ Sheridan, Michael (January 28, 2008). "Secrets of Obama family unlocked". The Times. London. Archived from the original on July 6, 2008. Retrieved November 29, 2008.
  45. ↑ "'Toot': Obama grandmother a force that shaped him". via Associated Press. August 25, 2008. Retrieved August 29, 2008.
  46. ↑ Press Release: Ancestry.com Discovers President Obama Related to First Documented Slave in America: Research Connects First African-American President to First African Slave in the American Colonies.
  47. 1 2 Harman, Anatasia; Cottrill, Natalie D.; Reed, Paul C.; Shumway, Joseph (2012-07-15). "Documenting President Barack Obama's Maternal African-American Ancestry:Tracing His Mother's Bunch Ancestry to the First Slave in America" (PDF). Ancestry.com. Retrieved 2013-09-10. Most people will be surprised to learn that U.S. President Barack Obama has African-American ancestry through his mother.
  48. ↑ "Partial Ancestor Table: President Barack Hussein Obama, Jr." (PDF). New England Historic Genealogical Society. Retrieved June 11, 2009.
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