Ontario Highway 410

Highway 410 shield

Highway 410
Route information
Length: 20.3 km[1] (12.6 mi)
History: Planned late-1960s
Opened November 15, 1978[2] – November 15, 2009[3]
Major junctions
South end:   Highway 401 / Highway 403 – Mississauga
   Highway 407 – Brampton
North end:  Highway 10 (Hurontario Street) – Caledon
Highway system
← Highway 409Highway 412 →

King's Highway 410, also known as Highway 410 and colloquially as the four-ten, is a 400-series highway in the Canadian province of Ontario that connects Highways 401 and 403 to Brampton. North of Brampton, the freeway connects to Highway 10, which continues north through Caledon as a four lane arterial road. The route is patrolled by the Ontario Provincial Police and has a speed limit of 100 km/h (62 mph).

Highway 410 was built along the alignment of Heart Lake Road south of Bovaird Drive, while north of Bovaird Drive it was built along a new alignment. The highway was designated in 1978 between Highway 401 and Bovaird Drive (later Highway 7), though it was only two lanes wide and did not feature any interchanges. It was widened throughout the 1980s and completed as a freeway in 1991. In 2003, construction began on a northward extension of the freeway that was completed in November 2009.

A notable feature of Highway 410 is the four-level interchange with Highways 401 and 403 which includes a large flyover ramp from Highway 401 eastbound to Highway 410 northbound, constructed in 1990. The majority of the freeway features a grass median as opposed to an Ontario Tall Wall like neighbouring freeways.

Route description

The 410 and Courtneypark Drive

Highway 410 is a commuter freeway and a bypass of Brampton, acting as the southward continuation of Highway 10. The highway is also a continuation of Highway 403 (eastern segment) from the south, which ends at the Queen Elizabeth Way. The freeway begins as several ramps converge from Highway 401 north of the large interchange.[4] Maintaining a straight north-westward course, it passes beneath Courtney Park Drive and Derry Road, with a slight jog to the right between the two underpasses. The freeway then intersects Highway 407 as it crosses into Brampton and passes beneath an electrical corridor. Veering to the right once again, the freeway enters a second industrialized area and returns to its northwest–southeast orientation. It passes beneath Steeles Avenue East and later Queen Street East, the former Highway 7, now Peel Regional Road 107. Until it was decommissioned across the Greater Toronto Area, Highway 7 was concurrent between Queen Street East and Bovaird Drive. Passing north of Queen Street, the highway exits the industrial area and enters residential subdivisions.[4]

Throughout this section, Highway 410 is located within a cutting below grade. It passes beneath several roads until Bovaird Drive East. The more recently completed extension begins at this point, as Highway 410 passes to the west of Trinity Common and diverges from its straight path into greenspace and alongside the Heart Lake Conservation Area.[5] As it passes beneath Mayfield Road, the highway makes a sharp turn to the west and descends through the Etobicoke Creek valley.[6] After rising back to level ground, it curves north, passing beneath Valleywood Drive. The central concrete median and high-mast lighting end as the freeway becomes Highway 10, which continues north as a four-lane undivided road to Orangeville, Shelburne and eventually Owen Sound.[7]

History

The Highway 401-403-410 interchange looking east in 1987. Before 1990, Highway 410 did not connect with Highway 403, and existed as a Super two north of Highway 401
The completed interchange in 2013, looking north (Highway 401 was being widened west of the interchange)

Planning for highway 410 began during the late 1960s as a result of the rapid suburbanization of Brampton. On May 25, 1965, the Department of Highways (DHO) unveiled the Toronto Region Western Section Highway Planning Study. The plan designated several new highway corridors and widening projects through Peel and Halton, including Highway 10.[8] However, it did not include a truck bypass that was desired by Brampton city council. In 1969, William H. Brydon would encourage the DHO to construct this bypass utilizing Heart Lake Road, and announced the plans at his final city council meeting as mayor, claiming that it may be known as the Brampton Expressway and would connect with Highway 401.[9][10] Successor Jim Archdekin announced in the new year that he would meet with highways minister George Gomme to discuss the route of the bypass.[11] The DHO studied the corridor over the next several months before releasing a report in late August.[12]

Ontario Premier Bill Davis, who was known as "Brampton Billy", formally initiated the construction of Highway 410 along the Heart Lake Road corridor during his administration.[13] Prior to the construction of Highway 410, Heart Lake Road was flanked by the industrial lands of Brampton and Bramalea north of Steeles Avenue. Between Steeles and Highway 401 was agricultural lands.[10] In 1975, construction began on the widening of Highway 401 between Highway 10 (Hurontario Street) and Highway 427. During this expansion from six to eight lanes, a directional and loop ramp were constructed at Heart Lake Road to allow access to and from Toronto.[14] Heart Lake Road was rebuilt over the next several years, and reopened as a two lane expressway on November 15, 1978. It was at this point that the road was designated Highway 410 as far north as Queen Street.[2][15][16]

Construction to twin the highway began in 1983, following the completion of a culvert over the east branch of the Etobicoke Creek;[17] the interchange with Clark Boulevard was built at the same time.[18] The City of Brampton constructed the West Drive Extension, between Orenda Road and Tomken Road, as a detour in 1983. The following year, contracts were awarded to build the two structures over the Canadian National Railway south of Orenda Road,[19] as well as an interchange at Queen Street; the former was completed by the end of the year while the latter took until late 1985. Construction of the interchange at Bovaird Drive began in 1985 and was completed the following summer.[20] With the construction of each interchange, the future northbound lanes of the freeway were constructed and opened to two-way traffic. By 1988, two lanes were open between Steeles Avenue and Bovaird Drive.[21]

In 1987, construction began south of the future Highway 407 interchange, expanding the two lane Heart Lake Road to a six lane freeway. In addition, work began on the future southbound lanes north of Steeles Avenue.[21][22] In 1990, work began on an interchange with Courtney Park Drive. By mid-1991, Highway 410 was complete from north of Highway 401 to Bovaird Drive, and work was underway on two large flyover ramps.[23] The interchange with Highway 401 was rebuilt alongside the widening of that highway to a collector-express system and opened to traffic ramp-by-ramp beginning August 28, 1990 and continuing through the end of the year.[24]

In the fall of 1991, alongside the widening of Highway 410 into a full freeway, construction began on the connecting ramps between Highway 403 and Highway 410, which pass under the existing bridge structures for Highway 401 collector traffic, while new overpasses were constructed for the Highway 401 express lanes.[25] The 2.2-kilometre (1.4 mi) link opened on November 2, 1992, at a cost of $7.3 million.[26]

Extension

A four lane freeway dives into a ravine and back out, surrounded by rural land on both sides
The new 410 extension crossing Etobicoke Creek. Note the placeholders for high-mast lighting on the median.

The extension beyond Bovaird Drive to Hurontario was conceived as part of the ultimate plan for Highway 410 when it was under construction in 1982.[27] It would take until 2003 for construction to begin.[28] Planning for the 8.5-kilometre (5.3 mi) freeway began with the submitting of an Environmental Assessment by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (MTO) in October 1995.[29] The assessment was approved without a hearing by the Minister of Environment and Energy on March 5, 1997.[30] The next several years were spent on engineering and design. The new section, planned and built as a four lane freeway, was constructed on a new alignment in order to bypass the Heart Lake Conservation Area. It was completed in phases: initially to the new eastward extension of Sandalwood Parkway, later to Mayfield Road and finally to Highway 10 north of Sandalwood.[31]

Premier of Ontario Ernie Eves officially announced the extension on June 23, 2003; construction subsequently began on the first phase.[28][31] On May 15, 2006 construction began on the second phase between Sandalwood Parkway and Mayfield Drive. The first two phases were built by Dufferin Construction and opened together in mid–late 2007; the northbound lanes were opened by the beginning of September and the southbound lanes by the end of the month. Upon its opening, trucks were prohibited from driving along it due to concerns of them travelling on the two lane Mayfield Road; this ban has since been lifted.[32] Construction on the third phase between Mayfield Road and Highway 10 began in August 2007.[6] The entire extension was completed and opened to traffic on November 16, 2009. Additional work continued in the months that followed to clean up the land surrounding the new freeway.[3]

Future

On September 9, 2014, the MTO announced that Highway 410 would be widened to ten lanes from south of Highway 401 to Queen Street in Brampton by 2018. A C$156.7 million contract was awarded to Aecon Construction to expand the freeway by adding one general purpose and one High-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lane in each direction. In addition, two new ramps will be built at the partial interchange with Highway 401 and Highway 403, thereby providing access to and from all directions.[33]

Exit list

A freeway changes into a four lanes conventional road, and vanishes into the rural foothills
Highway 410 ends as Highway 10 begins

The following table lists the major junctions along Highway 410, as noted by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario.[1] The entire route is located in the Regional Municipality of Peel.[7] 

Locationkm[1]miExitDestinationsNotes
 Highway 410 continues south as Highway 403
Mississauga0.00.0– Highway 401 – London, TorontoAccess to Toronto Pearson International Airport
1.91.22Courtneypark Drive EastNorthbound exit and southbound entrance
3.42.13 Derry Road
Brampton4.93.05 Highway 407
7.04.37 Steeles Avenue
9.45.89Clark BoulevardNorthbound exit and southbound entrance
10.06.210Regional Road 107 (Queen Street)
Regional Road 6 west		South end of former Highway 7 concurrency
11.67.212Williams Parkway
13.18.113Regional Road 107 (Bovaird Drive)
Regional Road 10 east		North end of former Highway 7 concurrency
14.99.315Sandalwood Parkway
17.610.918 Mayfield Road
Caledon
20.312.621Hurontario Street
Valleywood Boulevard
 Highway 410 continues north as Highway 10
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

References

  1. 1 2 3 Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (2008). "Annual Average Daily Traffic (AADT) counts". Retrieved February 20, 2012.
  2. 1 2 Public and Safety Information Section (November 9, 1978). "Highway 410 Opens November 15" (Press release). Ministry of Transportation and Communications.
  3. 1 2 Abrey, Heather (November 20, 2009). "Hwy 410 Extension Causing Confusion". Caledon Enterprise. North Peel Media Group. Retrieved July 25, 2010.
  4. 1 2 MapArt (2008). Golden Horseshoe (Map). Peter Heiler Ltd. pp. 459, 466. § E44–F45. ISBN 978-1-55198-877-1.
  5. ↑ "The Real Reason for the Inaction on the Highway 410 Extension?". Caledon Citizen. June 7, 2006. Retrieved April 12, 2011. |section= ignored (help)
  6. 1 2 Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (2007). Start of Contract (PDF) (Report). Government of Ontario. Retrieved April 12, 2011.
  7. 1 2 Ontario Back Road Atlas (Map). Cartography by MapArt. Peter Heiler Ltd. 2010. ISBN 978-1-55198-226-7.
  8. ↑ "700 Million Freeways West of Metro". Globe and Mail. 123 (36,335). Toronto. May 26, 1966. pp. 1, 25. |section= ignored (help)
  9. ↑ "Brampton Groups Ask for Pedestrian Mall". The Toronto Star. July 2, 1969. p. 41. |section= ignored (help)
  10. 1 2 "Expressway to Link Brampton with 401 Mayor Tells Council". The Toronto Star. December 30, 1969. p. 31. |section= ignored (help)
  11. ↑ "Brampton Plans Discussion with McKeough". The Toronto Star. January 15, 1970. p. 63. |section= ignored (help)
  12. ↑ "Bypass Report Due in Brampton". The Toronto Star. August 28, 1970. p. 31. |section= ignored (help)
  13. ↑ The History of Toronto's Unfinished Expressway System (Report). Energy Probe. April 5, 2009. Retrieved January 23, 2012.
  14. ↑ Claridge, Thomas (May 3, 1975). "Years of Headaches Driver' Prospect as 401 is Widened". The Globe and Mail. 132 (39,125). Toronto. p. 1.
  15. ↑ "Regional and District Operations: Central Region". Annual Report (Report). Ministry of Transportation and Communications. March 31, 1979. p. 14.
  16. ↑ Ontario Road Map (Map). Cartography by Cartography Section. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. 1980–81. South-Central Ontario inset.
  17. ↑ "Etobicoke and Mimico Creeks Watershed". Toronto Region Conservation Authority. Retrieved February 20, 2012.
  18. ↑ Transportation Capital Branch (1983–1984). Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. p. XII. ISSN 0714-1149.
  19. ↑ Transportation Capital Branch (1984–1985). Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. p. XII. ISSN 0714-1149.
  20. ↑ Transportation Capital Branch (1986–1987). Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. p. XII. ISSN 0714-1149.
  21. 1 2 Transportation Capital Branch (1988–1989). Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. p. XIII. ISSN 0714-1149.
  22. ↑ Transportation Capital Branch (1989–1990). Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. p. 10. ISSN 0714-1149.
  23. ↑ Transportation Capital Branch (1991–1992). Provincial Highways Construction Projects. Ministry of Transportation and Communications. p. 9. ISSN 0714-1149.
  24. ↑ Howell, Peter (August 28, 1990). "Police Fear New Ramps Will Worsen 401 Tie-ups". Toronto Star. p. A2. |section= ignored (help)
  25. ↑ Mitchell, Bob (December 5, 1991). "Work Starts on 403-410 Link". The Toronto Star. p. MA2. |section= ignored (help)
  26. ↑ Mitchell, Bob (October 31, 1992). "403-410 Highway Link Ready, Seen As 'Boon' To Motorists". The Toronto Star. p. A24. |section= ignored (help)
  27. ↑ Keller, Wes (September 6, 2007). "Final Highway 410 Contract Awarded". The Orangeville Citizen. Alan M. Claridge. Retrieved February 20, 2012.
  28. 1 2 Cameron, Grant (June 26, 2003). "Eves Announces $110M Extension of Highway 410" (PDF). Daily Commercial News. Canadian Design-Build Institute. Retrieved February 20, 2012.
  29. ↑ "Highway 410 Extension Environmental Assessment Overview". Ontario Ministry of the Environment. Retrieved February 20, 2012.
  30. ↑ Highway 410 Extension Environmental Assessment (PDF) (Report). Ontario Ministry of the Environment. March 5, 1997. Retrieved February 20, 2012.
  31. 1 2 Waud, Charles (December 2009). "The Long Awaited, Highly Publicized "410 Highway to Glory..."". Brampton Board of Trade. Archived from the original on August 15, 2010. Retrieved November 3, 2011.
  32. ↑ Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (August 23, 2007). "McGuinty Government Moving Forward With Highway 410 Extension". Government of Ontario. Retrieved March 14, 2010.
  33. ↑ Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (September 9, 2014). "Improvements Begin on Highway 410". Government of Ontario. Retrieved September 12, 2014.

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