Peterborough, South Australia

Peterborough
South Australia

Main street of Peterborough
Peterborough
Coordinates 32°58′S 138°50′E / 32.967°S 138.833°E / -32.967; 138.833Coordinates: 32°58′S 138°50′E / 32.967°S 138.833°E / -32.967; 138.833
Population 1,689 (2006 census)[1]
Established 1879
Postcode(s) 5422
Elevation 535 m (1,755 ft)
Location
LGA(s) District Council of Peterborough
State electorate(s) Stuart
Federal Division(s) Division of Grey
Website Peterborough
Localities around Peterborough:
Minvalara Minvalara Ucolta
Sunnybrae Peterborough Ucolta
Sunnybrae Sunnybrae Ucolta

Peterborough is a town in the mid north of South Australia, in wheat country, just off the Barrier Highway. At the 2006 census, Peterborough had a population of 1,689.[1]

It was originally named Petersburg after the landowner, Peter Doecke, who sold land to create the town. It was one of 69 places in South Australia renamed in 1917 due to anti-German sentiments during World War I.

History

The first settlers in the area purchased land from the government in 1875. The first building in the town was constructed four years later. Settler Peter Doecke transferred his land to J H Koch in 1876, who found out in 1880 that the land would be the site of a railway junction. He subdivided it and sold 33 acres (13 ha) for £1700, after failing to get £500 for it in 1879.[2] By 1880 a hotel and post office had been erected, followed by a school in 1883, and a town hall in 1884.[3] At the prompting of mayor W. Thredgold, a newspaper, the Petersburg Times was founded in 1887 by Robert M. Osborne, became The Times and Northern Advertiser in 1919, under the longterm proprietorship of W. H. Bennett and survived as a family business until 1970.

Heritage listings

Peterborough has a number of heritage-listed sites, including:

Government

Peterborough is the seat of the District Council of Peterborough. It is the largest town in the council area. Peterborough is in the state electorate of Stuart and federal Division of Grey. Peterborough at one point in time had its own town council (Corporation of the Town of Peterborough)[16] surrounded by the district council.

Railways

A "Y" Class number 82 Locomotive situated alongside the rotunda in the main street of Peterborough

Peterborough sat on the intersection of the East-West railway linking Port Pirie and Broken Hill, and the North–South railway linking Adelaide eventually to Alice Springs via Quorn, both narrow gauge (1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)) lines between 1917 (when the Trans-Australian Railway opened across the Nullarbor Plain) and 1937 (when a more direct south-north route bypassed the Peterborough–Quorn railway line by connecting Port Pirie to Port Augusta). The Peterborough railway station is still in operation and is a stop on the weekly Indian Pacific train.

The line from Port Pirie and Jamestown arrived in 1881, followed shortly after by the line from Terowie in the south and north to Quorn. The line to Broken Hill was completed in 1887.[17] Peterborough was the home town for Bob the Railway Dog who is remembered by a bronze statue located in the Main Street.

In 1970, the East-West line was converted to standard gauge (1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)), and the line south of Peterborough to Terowie to broad gauge (1,600 mm/​5 ft 3 in). Thus Peterborough became one of three, triple-gauge railway junctions in Australia. The others being Gladstone and Port Pirie, all on the same railway corridor.[18]

The broad-gauge connection to Adelaide, via Burra, was severed in the late 1980s. The narrow-gauge line north to Quorn last carried freight in 1980, and was removed, between Eurelia and Bruce in the mid-1980s. Grain trains ran as far as Orroroo into the mid 1980s. In its later years it was used by tourist trains from Steamtown as far as Eurelia. Steamtown ceased operations in 2002, however the roundhouse is still used to display its coaches and locomotives. The District Council, with funding from the three tiers of government and recovery of the Eurelia line, have subsequently established the Steamtown Heritage Rail Centre, with SA's first Sound & Light Show.[19]

Education

Peterborough High School was opened in 1927 and caters for students from years 8 to 12.[20]

Peterborough Primary School was opened in 1883 and caters for students from years reception to 7.

References

  1. 1 2 Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Peterborough (Urban Centre/Locality)". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 20 October 2011.
  2. ↑ "Peterborough Urban Conservation Area, Peterborough, SA Profile". www.aussieheritage.com.au. Retrieved 2008-05-05.
  3. ↑ "Peterborough – South Australia – Australia – Travel". www.smh.com.au. 2004-02-08. Retrieved 2008-05-05.
  4. ↑ "Dwelling - Koch House". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  5. ↑ "Dwelling (former Bishop's Palace & Convent)". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  6. ↑ "Peterborough Police Station, Cells & Courthouse". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  7. ↑ "Former Peterborough Power Station". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  8. ↑ "Peterborough Rotunda". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  9. ↑ "General Store". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  10. ↑ "Former Peterborough YMCA (Young Men's Christian Association) Hostel". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  11. ↑ "Peterborough Town Hall". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  12. ↑ "Peterborough Hotel". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  13. ↑ "Former Capitol Theatre". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  14. ↑ "Peterborough Roundhouse & Turntable". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  15. ↑ "Peterborough Gold Battery & Office". South Australian Heritage Register. Department of Environment, Water and Natural Resources. Retrieved 11 February 2016.
  16. ↑ http://www.architectsdatabase.unisa.edu.au/arch_full.asp?Arch_ID=39 Report on the Town Hall to the Corporation of the Town of Peterborough
  17. ↑ "Peterborough Railway Roundhouse and Turntable, Peterborough, SA Profile". www.aussieheritage.com.au. Retrieved 2008-05-05.
  18. ↑ Australian Railway Historical Society Bulletin, July, 1987 pp145-157
  19. ↑ "South Australia – Barrier Highway". www.southaustralia.com. Retrieved 2008-05-05.
  20. ↑ Peterborough High School accessed 2010-05-05
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