President of Syria

President of the Syrian Arab Republic
Standard of the President
Incumbent Bashar al-Assad since 17 July 2000
Residence	People's Palace & Tishreen Palace, Damascus
Term length	Seven years, renewable once
Inaugural holder	Shukri al-Quwatli
Formation	17 April 1946

Syria

This article is part of a series on the politics and government of Syria
Constitution Human rights
Executive President (list) Bashar al-Assad Vice Presidents Farouk al-Sharaa Najah al-Attar Prime Minister (list) Imad Khamis
Legislature People's Council Speaker: H. K. Abbas
Judiciary High Judicial Council Supreme Constitutional Court
Administrative divisions Governorates Districts
Elections Recent elections Presidential: 2007 2014 Parliamentary: 2012 2016 Political parties National Progressive Front Popular Front for Change and Liberation Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party (Syrian branch)
Foreign relations List of United Nations resolutions concerning Syria Syrian Civil War
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The President of Syria is the head of state of the Syrian Arab Republic. He is vested with sweeping powers that may be delegated, at his sole discretion, to his Vice Presidents. He appoints and dismisses the Prime Minister and other members of the Council of Ministers (the cabinet) and military officers.^[1]

Term of office

The Constitution of Syria allows the President to run for a 7-year term, which can be renewed once.^[2]

Eligibility criterias

According to articles 84 and 85 of the Syrian constitution, the candidate for the office of President of the Republic must:

Acquire the support of at least 35 members of the People's Assembly
Be above the age of 40
Have lived continuously in Syria for 10 years before the election
Be Syrian by birth, of parents who are Syrians by birth
Not be married to a non-Syrian spouse

Also, the Constitution states that "The religion of the President of the Republic is Islam," and that "The State shall respect all religions, and ensure the freedom to perform all the rituals that do not prejudice public order."^[3]

On 31 January 1973, Assad implemented the new Constitution which led to a national crisis. Unlike previous constitutions, this one did not require that the president of Syria must be a Muslim, leading to fierce demonstrations in Hama, Homs and Aleppo organized by the Muslim Brotherhood and the ulama. They labeled Assad as the "enemy of Allah" and called for a jihad against his rule.^[4] Robert D. Kaplan has compared Assad's coming to power to "an untouchable becoming maharajah in India or a Jew becoming tsar in Russia—an unprecedented development shocking to the Sunni majority population which had monopolized power for so many centuries."^[5]

Powers

Apart from executive authority relating to a wide range of governmental functions including foreign affairs, the president has the right to dissolve the People's Council, in which case a new council must be elected within ninety days from the date of dissolution.

List of Presidents

Main article: List of Presidents of Syria

Latest election

Main article: Syrian presidential election, 2014

Candidate		Party	Votes	%
	Bashar al-Assad	Ba'ath Party	10,319,723	88.7
	Hassan al-Nouri	NIACS	500,279	4.3
	Maher Hajjar	Independent	372,301	3.2
Invalid/blank votes			442,108	3.8
Total			11,634,412	100
Registered votes/turnout			15,845,575	73.42
Source: SANA, SANA

References

↑ "The President and the Cabinet"
↑ Article 88 of the Syrian Constitution
↑ "Constitution of the Syrian Arabic Republic – Syrian Arab News Agency". sana.sy. Retrieved 2016-10-30.
↑ Alianak 2007, p. 55.
↑ Kaplan, Robert (February 1993). "Syria: Identity Crisis". The Atlantic.

External links

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Presidents of Syria

French Mandate	Subhi Bey Barakat François Pierre-Alype^AP Ahmad Nami Taj al-Din al-Hasani^AP Léon Solomiac^AP Mohammed Ali Bey al-Abed Hashim al-Atassi Bahij al-Khatib Khalid al-Azm^AP Taj al-Din al-Hasani Jamil al-Ulshi^AP Ata Bey al-Ayyubi Shukri al-Quwatli

Syrian Republic	Shukri al-Quwatli Husni al-Za'im^† Sami al-Hinnawi^AP^† Hashim al-Atassi Adib Shishakli^AP^† Fawzi Selu^† Adib Shishakli Maamun al-Kuzbari^AP^† Hashim al-Atassi Shukri al-Quwatli

United Arab Republic	Gamal Abdel Nasser

Syrian Arab Republic	Maamun al-Kuzbari^AP Izzat al-Nuss^AP^† Nazim al-Kudsi Lu'ay al-Atassi^† Amin al-Hafiz^† Nureddin al-Atassi^† Ahmad al-Khatib^AP Hafez al-Assad Abdul Halim Khaddam^AP Bashar al-Assad

^AP: Acting president; ^†: Military

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