List of satirists and satires
Below is an incomplete list of writers, cartoonists and others known for their involvement in satire – humorous social criticism. They are grouped by era and listed by year of birth. Also included is a list of modern satires.
Early satirical authors
- Aesop (c. 620–560 BCE) – Aesop's Fables
- Aristophanes (c. 448–380 BCE) – The Frogs, The Birds, and The Clouds
- Gaius Lucilius (c. 180–103 BCE)
- Horace (65–8 BCE) – Satires
- Ovid (43 BCE – 17 CE) – The Art of Love
- Persius (34–62 CE)
- Petronius (c. 27–66 CE) – Satyricon
- Juvenal (1st to early 2nd centuries CE) – Satires
- Lucian (c. 120–180 CE)
- Apuleius (c. 123–180 CE) – The Golden Ass
- Various authors (9th century CE and later) – One Thousand and One Nights
Medieval, Early Modern and 18th Century satirists
- Godfrey of Winchester (d. 1107)
- Ubayd Zakani (?–1370) – Akhlaq al-Ashraf (Ethics of the Aristocracy)
- Giovanni Boccaccio (1313–1375) – The Decameron
- Geoffrey Chaucer (c. 1343–1400) – The Canterbury Tales
- Gil Vicente (c. 1465–1536)
- Desiderius Erasmus (1466–1536) – The Praise of Folly
- François Rabelais (c. 1493–1553) – Gargantua and Pantagruel
- Various authors (16th century CE and later) – Talking statues of Rome
- Miguel de Cervantes (1547–1616) – Don Quixote
- Luis de Góngora (1561–1627)
- Francisco de Quevedo (1580–1645)
- Juan de Tassis, 2nd Count of Villamediana (1582–1622)
- Margaret Cavendish, Duchess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (1623–1673)
- Martin Marprelate (true identity unknown) – Marprelate tracts
- Samuel Butler (1612–1680) – Hudibras
- Molière (1622–1673)
- John Stockton (1631–1700)
- John Wilmot, 2nd Earl of Rochester (1647–1680)
- William Shakespeare (1564–1616) – Sonnet 130
- Jonathan Swift (1667–1745) – Gulliver's Travels, A Modest Proposal, A Tale of a Tub
- John Gay (1685–1732) – The Beggar's Opera
- Alexander Pope (1688–1744)
- Voltaire (1694–1778) – Candide
- James Bramston (1694–1744)
- William Hogarth (1697–1764) – Beer Street and Gin Lane
- Henry Fielding (1707–1754)
- Laurence Sterne (1713–1768) – The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy, Gentleman
- James Beresford (1764–1840) – The Miseries of Human Life
- Ivan Krylov (1769–1844)
- Thomas Love Peacock (1785–1866) – Nightmare Abbey, Crochet Castle
- Giuseppe Gioachino Belli – (1791–1863, Italy)
- Charles Etienne Boniface (1787–1853) – De Nieuwe Ridderorde of De Temperantisten (in Dutch) (The New Knighthood or the Temperance Societies)
- Jane Austen (1775–1817) - Love and Freindship
Modern satirists (born 1800–1900)
- Nikolai Gogol (1809–1852) – The Government Inspector, Dead Souls
- Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849) – The Man That Was Used Up, A Predicament
- William Makepeace Thackeray (1811–63) – Vanity Fair
- Charles Dickens (1812–1870) – Hard Times, A Tale of Two Cities
- James Russell Lowell (1819–1891) – A Fable for Critics
- George Derby, aka John P. Squibob, John Phoenix (1823–1861)
- Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin (1826–1889)
- Lewis Carroll (1832–1898)
- Samuel Butler (1835–1902) – Erewhon
- Mark Twain (1835–1910) – Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court, The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County
- W. S. Gilbert (1836–1911)
- Thomas Nast (1840–1902)
- Ambrose Bierce (1842–1914?) – The Devil's Dictionary
- Anatole France (1844–1924)
- José Maria de Eça de Queirós (1845–1900)
- Oscar Wilde (1854–1900)
- George Bernard Shaw (1856–1950)
- Jerome K. Jerome (1859–1927)
- Anton Chekhov (1860–1904) – The Lady with the Dog
- O. Henry (1862–1910)
- Jalil Mammadguluzadeh (1866–1931)
- Lakshminath Bezbaroa (1868–1938, India; wrote in Assamese language)
- Saki, aka H. H. Munro (1870–1916)
- Trilussa (1873–1950, Italy)
- Alfred Jarry (1873–1907)
- Radoje Domanović (1873–1908)
- Iraj Mirza (1874–1926)
- Karl Kraus (1874–1936)
- Will Rogers (1879–1935)
- James Branch Cabell (1879–1958)
- Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda (1879–1959)
- H. L. Mencken (1880–1956)
- Arkady Averchenko (1881–1925)
- P. G. Wodehouse (1881–1975)
- Wyndham Lewis (1882–1957)
- Jaroslav Hašek (1883–1923) – The Good Soldier Švejk
- Oscar Cesare (1885–1948)
- Kurt Tucholsky (1890–1935)
- Mikhail Bulgakov (1891–1940) – Heart of a Dog, The Master and Margarita
- Dorothy Parker (1893–1967)
- Vladimir Mayakovsky (1893–1930)
- Aldous Huxley (1894–1963) – Point Counter Point, Brave New World
- Mikhail Zoshchenko (1895–1958)
- Josep Pla (1897–1981)
- Ilf and Petrov: Ilya Ilf (1897–1937) and Yevgeni Petrov (1903–1942) – The Twelve Chairs, The Little Golden Calf
- Yury Olesha (1899–1960) – Three Fat Men
Modern satirists (born 1900–1930)
- Evelyn Waugh (1903–1966)
- George Orwell (1903–1950) – Animal Farm, Nineteen Eighty-Four
- Malcolm Muggeridge (1903–1990, UK)
- Dr. Seuss (1904–1991) – The Lorax (1971), The Butter Battle Book (1984)
- Kurt Kusenberg (1904–1983, Germany)
- Daniil Kharms (1905–1942, Russia/USSR)
- Jean Effel (1908–1982, France) – cartoonist, author of the cartoon cycle The Creation of the World
- Al Capp (1909–1979, US)
- Arkady Raikin (1911–1987, Russia/USSR) – stand-up comedian
- Walt Kelly (1913–1973, US)
- Anthony Burgess (1917–1993, UK) – A Clockwork Orange
- Kurt Vonnegut (1922–2007) – Slaughterhouse-Five, Breakfast of Champions, Cat's Cradle
- Lenny Bruce (1925–1966) – stand-up comedian
- Joseph Heller (1923–1999) – Catch-22
- Terry Southern (1924–1995) – The Magic Christian, Dr. Strangelove
- Günter Grass (born 1927) – The Tin Drum, Cat and Mouse
- Stanley Kubrick (1928–1999) – Dr. Strangelove
- Harvey Kurtzman (1924–1993)
- Tom Lehrer (born 1928, US) – That Was the Year That Was
- Jules Feiffer (1929, US)
- Ray Bradbury (US)
- William S. Burroughs (US)
- Dario Fo (Italy)
- Flannery O'Connor (US)
- C. Northcote Parkinson (UK)
- Anna Russell (UK)
- Gore Vidal (US)
- Mel Brooks (US)
- Erma Bombeck (1927) (US)
- Allan Sherman (1924–1973, US) – musician, parodist, television producer, voice actor
- Stan Freberg (1926, US) – musician, parodist, voice actor
- Brian O'Nolan (1911–1966) – At Swim-Two-Birds (as Flann O'Brien)
Contemporary satirists (born 1930–1960)
- Roger Abbott (Canada)
- Mordecai Richler (1931–2001, Canada)
- Tom Wolfe (1931) – The Bonfire of the Vanities
- Vladimir Voinovich (1932, Russia/USSR) – The Life and Extraordinary Adventures of Private Ivan Chonkin, Moscow 2042
- Robert Anton Wilson (1932–2007) The Illuminatus! Trilogy
- Barry Humphries (1934) – My Gorgeous Life, The Life and Death of Sandy Stone, stage shows
- Jonathan Miller (1934, UK)
- Alan Bennett (1934, UK)
- Mykhailo Zhvanetskyi (1934, Ukraine/Russia/USSR)
- Dudley Moore (1935–2002, UK)
- Woody Allen (1935, US)
- Richard Ingrams (1937, UK)
- George Carlin (1937–2008) – stand-up comedian
- Peter Cook (1937–1995, UK) – of the Satire boom, Beyond the Fringe
- Eleanor Bron (1938, UK)
- David Frost (1939–2013, UK)
- Grigori Gorin (1940–2000, Russia/USSR)
- Frank Zappa (1940–1993) – We're Only in It for the Money
- Sergei Dovlatov (1941–1990, Russia/USSR)
- Kioumars Saberi Foumani (1941–2004)
- Gennady Khazanov (1945, Russia/USSR) – stand-up comedian
- Jonathan Meades (1947, UK) – writer, broadcaster, satirist
- Lewis Black (1948) – stand-up comic, The Daily Show
- Terry Pratchett (1948-2015) – The Discworld book series
- Mikhail Zadornov (1948, Russia/USSR)
- Garry Trudeau (1948, US)
- Jaafar Abbas (Sudan/Middle East)
- George Saunders
- Christopher Guest (1948, US) – This Is Spinal Tap, Waiting for Guffman
- Georg Schramm (1949, Germany) – Scheibenwischer, Neues aus der Anstalt, kabarett artist
- Gary Larson (1950, US) – cartoonist
- Fran Lebowitz (1950, US) – The Fran Lebowitz Reader, Public Speaking (film) – NYC public intellectual
- Steve Bell (1951)
- Al Franken (1951, US)
- Douglas Adams (1952–2001, UK) – The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy
- Mary Walsh (1952, Canada)
- Don Ferguson (Canada)
- Christopher Buckley (1952) – Thank You for Smoking, The White House Mess
- Carl Hiaasen (1953) – Tourist Season, Double Whammy, Basket Case, Skinny Dip
- Louis de Bernières (1954, UK) – Latin America Trilogy: The War of Don Emmanuel's Nether Parts, Señor Vivo and the Coca Lord, The Troublesome Offspring of Cardinal Guzman
- Matt Groening (1954, US) – The Simpsons, Futurama
- George C. Wolfe (1954) – The Colored Museum
- Howard Stern (1954, US)
- Cathy Jones (1955, Canada)
- Bill Maher (1956, US)
- Percival Everett (1956, US)
- Ziad Rahbani (1956, Lebanon)
- David Sedaris (1956, US)
- Scott Adams (1957, US)
- Stephen Fry (1957, UK)
- Wayne Federman (1959, US)
- Bill Watterson (1958, US) – cartoonist, Calvin and Hobbes
- "Weird Al" Yankovic (1959, US)
- Hugh Laurie (1959, UK)
- Jello Biafra (1958, US)
- Victor Shenderovich (1958, Russia)
- Ebrahim Nabavi (1958), winner of Prince Claus Award (2005)
- Robert Zubrin (US)
- Craig Brown (UK)
- Dave Barry (1947) – Pulitzer Prize winning humour columnist
- Luba Goy (Canada)
- David Lodge (author)
- Jeffrey Morgan (Canada) – CREEM, Metro Times
- Neil Innes (1944, UK) – former Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band founder and member of The Rutles. Writer of satirical songs and books
- Phil Hendrie (1952) – radio host of The Phil Hendrie Show
- Bassem Youssef (1974) – Al Bernameg
Contemporary satirists (born 1960–present)
- Jacob Appel (1973) – playwright (Causa Mortis, Arborophilia)
- Michael "Atters" Attree (UK, 1965)
- Paul Beatty (1962, US) - author (The White Boy Shuffle, The Sellout)
- Nigel Blackwell (UK) of Half Man Half Biscuit
- Jan Böhmermann (1981, Germany)
- Charlie Brooker – (1971, UK) Nathan Barley
- Stoney Burke (US)
- Bo Burnham (1990, US)
- Dave Chappelle (1973, US)
- David Cross (1964, US) – Mr. Show, Arrested Development
- Sacha Baron Cohen (1971) – Borat, Da Ali G Show
- Stephen Colbert (1964, US) – The Colbert Report, The Daily Show
- Douglas Coupland – Generation X: Tales for an Accelerated Culture
- Scott Dikkers (US)
- Bret Easton Ellis (1964, US)
- Kioumars Saberi Foumani (Iran)
- Sabina Guzzanti (Italy)
- Bill Hicks (1961–1994, US) – stand-up comedian
- Ian Hislop (1960) – Private Eye
- Jessica Holmes (Canada)
- Mike Judge (US)
- Lisa Kennedy Montgomery aka Kennedy (US)
- Ephraim Kishon (Israel)
- Erik Larsen (1962) "Savage Dragon" comic book from Image Comics
- Craig Lauzon (Canada)
- Victor Lewis-Smith – TV Offal
- Ash Lieb (1982) Artist, author and comedian.
- Chris Lilley (1975) – Summer Heights High, We Can Be Heroes: Finding The Australian of the Year, Big Bite
- Daniele Luttazzi (Italy)
- Seth MacFarlane – Family Guy, American Dad!, The Cleveland Show, Ted
- Aaron McGruder (US) – The Boondocks (comic strip) and The Boondocks (TV series)
- Rick Mercer (1969) – Rick Mercer Report
- Tim Minchin (1975, UK)
- Mark Morford (Present) – Notes and Errata, San Francisco Chronicle, SF Gate
- Chris Morris (1965, UK) – Brass Eye, The Day Today
- The Moustache Brothers (Mandalay, Myanmar)
- Ebrahim Nabavi (Iran)
- Bob Odenkirk (1962, US) – Mr. Show, Saturday Night Live, The Larry Sanders Show
- John Oliver (1977, England) - "Last Week Tonight with John Oliver"[1]
- George Ouzounian aka Maddox (1978, US) – website The Best Page in the Universe
- Chuck Palahniuk (US)
- Alan Park (Canada)
- Trey Parker – South Park, Team America: World Police, The Book of Mormon
- Mark A. Rayner (Canada)
- Eric Schwartz (songwriter) (US)
- Amy Sedaris (US)
- Sarah Silverman (US)
- Martin Sonneborn (Germany; known for pranking/"bribing" FIFA executives to vote for Germany as host of the 2006 soccer world cup)
- Jon Stewart (1962, US) – The Daily Show
- Matt Stone – South Park, Team America: World Police, The Book of Mormon
- Greg Thomey (1961, Canada)
- David Thorne (Present, AU)
- Jhonen Vasquez (1974) Johnny the Homicidal Maniac, Squee, etc.
- Bassem Youssef (1974,EG) – Al Bernameg
- Hari Kondabolu (1982, US)
- Scarlet Monahan (1983) – Britishsatire.com[2][3][4] satirical poetry[5]
Notable satires in contemporary popular culture
In modern culture, much satire is often the work of several individuals collectively, as in magazines and television. Hence the following list.
- Astérix (French comic strip, satirizing both the Roman Empire era as well as 20th century life)
- Benchley (US comic strip created by Mort Drucker and Jerry Dumas, satirizing Ronald Reagan and American culture)
- Bone (US comic strip)
- The Boondocks (US comic strip)
- Le Canard enchaîné (weekly French satirical newspaper)
- Charlie Hebdo (weekly French satirical paper)
- The Chaser (Australian newspaper and TV shows)
- Cho Ramaswamy (Thuglak – Tamil magazine)
- Dilbert (US comic strip)
- The Donald Duck and Uncle Scrooge comics by Carl Barks
- Doonesbury (US comic strip)
- The Fabulous Furry Freak Brothers (US comic strip)
- Faux Faulkner contest (annually published in Hemispheres magazine until 2005)
- Fritz the Cat by Robert Crumb
- Humor Times (monthly US magazine)
- Idées noires (Belgian comic strip)
- Li'l Abner (US comic strip)
- Life in Hell (US comic strip)
- Mad (satirical comic book and magazine)
- The Medium (weekly newspaper printed by students of Rutgers University)
- Mr. Natural by Robert Crumb
- Nero (Belgian comic strip)
- The Onion (US magazine)
- Peanuts (US comic strip)
- Pogo (US comic strip)
- Private Eye (UK magazine)
- The Inconsequential (UK magazine)
- The Second Supper (US magazine)
- The Tart (Fortnightly UK newspaper)
- The Adventures of Tintin (Belgian comic strip)
- Titanic (German magazine)
- Tom Puss (Dutch comic strip)
Television and radio
- The Simpsons and Futurama (Matt Groening)
- Howard Stern (radio personality "The Howard Stern Show")
- The Daily Show with Jon Stewart (US Talk Show)
- The Colbert Report (US Talk Show)
- The Day Today (UK TV news parody by Chris Morris)
- Brass Eye (UK current affairs TV-show parody by Chris Morris)
- On the Hour (UK news radio parody by Chris Morris)
- This Hour Has 22 Minutes (Canadian TV show)
- South Park (Trey Parker & Matt Stone)
- The Chaser (Australian newspaper and TV shows)
- Facelift (New Zealand Political show)
- Spitting Image (UK TV show famous for its puppets of celebrities)
- Yes Minister (also "Yes, Prime Minister" – UK TV show satirising government)
- Kukly (Dolls, 1994–2002) – Russian satirical puppet show
- Fitil (Fuse) – Soviet television satirical/comedy short film series
- Nip/Tuck (Ryan Murphy)
- Have I Got News For You – Long running UK TV panel show
- Nathan Barley – 2005 UK TV satire by Chris Morris and Charlie Brooker.
- The Chaser's War on Everything – Australian satire with an emphasis on attacking 'everyone'.
- Seinfeld (Jerry Seinfeld)
- Royal Canadian Air Farce (1993–2007) (Don Ferguson, Roger Abbott, Luba Goy)
- Air Farce Live (2007–present) (Don Ferguson, Roger Abbott, Luba Goy)
- Monty Python's Flying Circus
- Phil Hendrie (radio personality "The Phil Hendrie Show")
- Family Guy, American Dad! & The Cleveland Show (Seth MacFarlane)
- Mock the Week – UK TV comedy panel show
- The Larry Sanders Show – (Garry Shandling)
- Entourage – (Doug Ellin)
- 30 Rock – (Tina Fey)
- Glenn Martin, DDS – A Nick@Nite show
- Episodes – David Crane
- Better Off Ted – (Victor Fresco)
- Onion News Network
- The Boondocks – (Aaron McGruder)
- heute-show (German TV series)
Music
- "Mercedes Benz" is a McClure-Joplin song sung by Janis Joplin
- Culturcide's album Tacky Souvenirs of Pre-Revolutionary America overdubbed new, satirical lyrics onto such pop hits as "We Are the World".
- Vaporwave, a satirical music genre with anarcho-capitalist and cyberpunk overtones dedicated to (anti-)consumerism.[6]
- Mark Russell is an American political satirist known for his many appearances on PBS
- Peter Gabriel's song The Barry Williams Show satirizes talk shows which showcase domestic topics of a taboo or shocking nature (and the viewing public's fascination with such content).
- Chumbawamba have consistently used satire to make political points throughout their musical career.
- Pink Floyd's albums Animals and The Dark Side of the Moon are conceptual and satirical albums.
- The Lonely Island is a satirical music group known for their work on Saturday Night Live.
- Trey Parker, Robert Lopez and Matt Stone's Tony-sweeping Broadway show The Book of Mormon (musical) satirizes the applicability of first-world religion to third-world problems.
- The Dead Milkmen is a satirical punk rock/cowpunk band from the early 1980s.
- Ben Folds, a rock pianist, and his group, Ben Folds Five, have multiple songs including satirical elements. Some of them being, "Underground", "Sports and Wine", and "Rock Star".
- Dead Kennedys, an American punk band, often used satire in their songs, most notably Kill the Poor.
We're only in it For the Money -- Frank Zappa and the Mothers of Invention
Film
- Blazing Saddles (Warner Bros. 1974 Comedy movie directed by Mel Brooks, satirising racism.)
- Casino Royale (A 1967 surrealistic satire on the James Bond series and entire spy genre.)
- This Is Spinal Tap (satire of heavy metal culture and "rockumentaries")
- The Very Same Munchhausen (1979 satire of the late Soviet society)
- Clueless
- "American Beauty" (satire of life in the suburbs)
- Thank You for Smoking
- Team America: World Police (2004 film satirizing Hollywood action flicks as well as post-9/11 American foreign policy)
- Wag the Dog
- The Rules of Attraction
- Best in Show
- I Heart Huckabees
- Starship Troopers
- Scary Movie
- Dr. Strangelove
- Planet of the Apes (1968) Gorillas, orangutans, and chimpanzees control a future version of earth in which humans are mute beasts; the ruling gorillas and orangutans reject evolutionary theory and the ability of the humans to think because they don't speak.
- South Park: Bigger, Longer & Uncut (a film satirizing censorship)
- Network
- Otaku no Video (1993 anime satirizing the otaku subculture)
- Adaptation.
- Brazil
- S.O.B. (satire on Hollywood)
- Election
- Not Another Teen Movie (a satire of the teen film genre)
- Harold & Kumar Go to White Castle
- Harold & Kumar Escape from Guantanamo Bay
- Citizen Ruth
- The Hospital
- Weapons of Mass Distraction
- Little Children
- Bulworth
- Man Bites Dog
- The Simpsons Movie
- Smile (a satire on beauty pageants and small town life)
- Bob Roberts
- War, Inc.
- Britannia Hospital
- Fight Club (a dark satire on consumerism, cults, and extremism)
- American Psycho
- Tropic Thunder
- Simon (satirical commentary on the effects of mass media in pop culture)
- American History X (satirizes race/racism in a contemporary setting)
- They Live
- Land of the Dead (satire of post-9/11 America state and of the Bush administration)
- The Wicker Man (satire of cults and religion)
- The Great Dictator, a satire on Adolf Hitler
- Monty Python's Life of Brian, a satire on miscommunication, religion and Christianity
- The Player, a satire of Hollywood, directed by Robert Altman
- In the Loop, a satire of the 2003 invasion of Iraq
- Elvis Gratton, a French Canadian/Québécois series on a Federalist
- Fubar
- The Man Who Knew Too Little
Video games
- Fallout
- Fallout 2
- Fallout 3
- Fallout: New Vegas
- Fallout 4
- Dead Rising (デッドライジング Deddo Raijingu) (satire of U.S. consumer culture)
- Dead Rising 2: Off the Record (デッドライジング2 オフ・ザ・レコード Deddo Raijingu 2: Ofu za rekōdo) (satire of U.S. consumer culture)
- Grand Theft Auto[7]
- Crash: Mind over Mutant[8]
Internet
- Adequacy.org
- BBspot
- Beaconsdale Advertiser
- Encyclopedia Dramatica
- Faking News (Indian news satire website)
- Funfunnykhez ( Latest Indian news satire website)
- Jeremy Nell (South African cartoonist)
- Landover Baptist Church (US website satirizing Fundamentalist Christians)
- Latma
- National Report
- NewsBiscuit
- Pat Condell
- ScrappleFace
- The Best Page In The Universe
- The Daily Mash (U.K. satirical news website)
- The Onion
- The Second Supper
- The UnReal Times (Indian news satire website)
- The Valley Report
- Uncyclopedia (satirical parody of Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia)
- Vote for the Worst
References
- ↑ Edward Helmore. "How John Oliver started a revolution in US TV's political satire | Television & radio". The Guardian. Retrieved 2016-05-30.
- ↑ "Political satire and comment from Artist , poet and satirist Scarlet Monahan". Britishsatire.com. Retrieved 2016-05-30.
- ↑ "Political Caricatures - Satire of Romney". Satireandcomment.com. Retrieved 2016-05-30.
- ↑ "Satire and comedy news stories from Scotland and beyond". Wreckered.co.uk. Retrieved 2016-05-30.
- ↑ "Scarlet Monahan, Pop Artist, Photographic Satirist and Sculptress". Redintherain.com. Retrieved 2016-05-30.
- ↑ Harper, Adam (December 7, 2012). "Vaporwave and the pop-art of the virtual plaza" (Article). dummymag.com. Archived from the original on April 1, 2015. Retrieved May 6, 2015.
- ↑ "Top 10 things you never knew about Grand Theft Auto (because you're not brainy enough)". Tech Digest. December 5, 2006. Retrieved 2012-11-16.
- ↑ McInnis, Shaun (2008-04-28). "Crash Bandicoot: Mind Over Mutant First Look". GameSpot. Retrieved 2008-04-29.
Radical Entertainment reps gave us a description of what to expect from the game's plot, and they were sure to point out their goal of using some social satire you wouldn't expect out of a platforming game. Essentially, Cortex has masterminded the creation of a trendy gizmo that everyone simply has to own (think of the iPod). We're told this theme of consumerism is a frequent source of humor in the game's plot, including jokes about SUVs and the skyrocketing price of gas.
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