Six Flags Over Texas

This article is about the theme park. For the flags themselves, see Six flags over Texas.
Six Flags Over Texas
Location Arlington, Texas, United States
Coordinates 32°45′20.52″N 97°4′12.80″W / 32.7557000°N 97.0702222°W / 32.7557000; -97.0702222Coordinates: 32°45′20.52″N 97°4′12.80″W / 32.7557000°N 97.0702222°W / 32.7557000; -97.0702222
Owner Texas Flags, Ltd.[1]
Operated by Six Flags
Opened August 5, 1961; 55 years ago
Operating season March through January
Area 212 acres (0.331 sq mi) (0.86 km²)
Rides
Total 44
Roller coasters 12
Water rides 5
Website sixflags.com/overTexas
Main park entrance to Six Flags Over Texas during their 50th Anniversary.

Six Flags Over Texas is a 212-acre (86 ha) theme park located in Arlington, Texas, east of Fort Worth and about 15 miles (24 km) west of Dallas. It was the first Six Flags Theme Park, but because of later acquisitions it is not the oldest park of the Six Flags chain (that particular title is held by Six Flags New England). The park opened on August 5, 1961, following just a year of construction and an initial investment of US$10 million by real estate developer Angus G. Wynne, Jr.

The park is managed by the Six Flags Entertainment Corp., who also owns 53.1% interest of the Texas Limited Partnership Interest, in an arrangement similar to that for Six Flags Over Georgia.[2] Six Flags Over Texas is owned by a group of approximately 120 limited partners—some the heirs of Angus G. Wynne. Starting in 1991, the park was managed by Time Warner Entertainment. In 1998, Time Warner sold its interests in the Six Flags parks to Premier Parks of Oklahoma City, which later changed its name to Six Flags Theme Parks, Inc.

History

Initial planning and construction

Following a visit to Disneyland, in Anaheim, California, shortly after its opening, wealthy real estate developer Angus G. Wynne, Jr. decided that his home state of Texas should have a local park for entertainment. Planning for such a place began in 1959, under the leadership of Wynne and the Great Southwest Corporation, along with the backing of various New York City investors. Construction on the park began in August 1960.

The original logo for Six Flags over Texas.
The entrance of Six Flags over Texas welcomes visitors while the Oil Derrick observation tower looms in the background.

Origin of the name

The name "Six Flags Over Texas" refers to the flags of the six different nations that have governed Texas: Spain, France, Mexico, the Republic of Texas, the United States of America, and the Confederate States of America.[3] Wynne originally intended to name the park "Texas Under Six Flags." Various legends have attributed the name change to his wife Joann; a group called "The Daughters of The Texas Republic" — of which his wife may, or may not, have been a member; or his entertainment director, Charles Meeker, stating that, "Texas isn’t 'under' anything."[4] The original park was divided into six separate themed areas for each of the six governing entities that have ruled over Texas. Although additional themed areas have been added, the original six can still be found within the park.

Grand opening

Six Flags Over Texas opened its gates from July 29 to August 4, 1961, to several local corporations that Wynne had invited as part of a "soft-test opening." The park held its grand opening ceremonies on Saturday, August 5, 1961. Dignitaries included the mayors of Arlington, Dallas, Fort Worth, Grand Prairie, and Irving.[4] Park attendance reached 8,374. Admission was $2.75 (or $22.00 in 2016) for adults and $2.25 (or $18 in 2016) for children (cf. admission prices of $62.99 and $47.99 for the 2013 season); parking was 50 cents (or $4.00 in 2016) (cf. $20.00 in 2013); hamburgers were 35 cents (or $3.00 in 2016), and soft drinks were 10 cents (or $1.00 in 2016).[5] On opening day, guests could visit the six original themed sections: Mexico, Spain, France, The Confederacy, Texas, and Modern (representing the USA). According to the 1961 Park Map[6] there were 46 "major attractions" listed. The park's first season, lasting only 45 days and ending on November 25, 1961, was a success with over 550,000 visitors.

1960s

The 1960s were a decade of growth for Six Flags Over Texas. The park added numerous attractions, including two new sections: Boomtown, named after the boomtowns that sprang up rather quickly during Texas' oil boom era, and the "Tower Section", named after the Oil Derrick observation tower built in 1969. The park also witnessed the birth of two classic theme park attractions: El Aserradero in 1963 and the Runaway Mine Train roller coaster in 1966. Attendance reached close to 2 million visitors a year by the end of the decade. Six Flags Over Texas was one of the locations used for filming parts of the theme song for the TV show The Banana Splits in 1968, in which fan club scenes were also live action. In 1969, Six Flags Over Texas was sold by Angus G. Wynne to a new limited partnership managed by Dallas investor Jack Knox.

1970s

The park's growth and expansion continued through the 1970s. It was the setting for the opening sequence in the 1971 Sid and Marty Krofft television show Lidsville, in which lead character Mark (Butch Patrick) sees a magician perform in one of the theaters, then sneaks backstage after the magic show, causes the hat to enlarge, falls through it and lands in Lidsville, "the land of living hats."[7] The park underwent new management in 1971 with the Penn Central Railroad. The park added two new roller coasters, more rides, and a new section called "Goodtimes Square". The park also removed many of its less popular aging attractions in this decade as well. In 1975, a new mascot, Cyrus Cosmo - the inventor - was created and led many ad campaigns. By 1978, Six Flags Over Texas had had over 30 million visitors.

1980s

The 1980s were another period of change for Six Flags Over Texas. The park added three roller coasters as well as a children's section themed after Pac-Man in 1983 and later changed to Looney Tunes in 1985. Six Flags Over Texas also introduced three popular festivals in this decade. Spring Breakout, introduced in 1984, brought live bands and excitement to the park for students on Spring Break. Six Flags also introduced Fright Fest and Holiday in the Park to increase attendance and extend the season.

1990s

The 1990s was a rather rough decade in comparison from decades past. The decade started off with a bang when Six Flags Over Texas introduced the Texas Giant roller coaster. After a record year, Six Flags Over Texas went into a lull with management changes and name changes as the Looney Tunes characters began to take over starting in 1991. The Spee-lunker's Cave was restructured to feature Looney Tunes characters in place of the Spee's who had inhabited the ride since the early days of the park—the park was managed by Time Warner Entertainment. In 1998, Six Flags Over Texas started it off with its addition of Mr. Freeze. When the ride opened it was one of the most technology advanced roller coasters with lims propelling it forward.Time Warner sold its interests in the Six Flags parks to Premier Parks of Oklahoma City, which later changed its name to Six Flags Theme Parks, Inc. In the late 90s, the park experienced a period of growth by adding new coasters and rides. Six Flags Over Texas also introduced FastLane, later Flash Pass, which was similar to FastPass at Disney theme parks. Many of these new additions (including the new Gotham City section) were far from the original Six Flags Over Texas theme. By the end of the decade, Six Flags Over Texas had added ten roller coasters to its list of attractions.

2000s

During the first decade of the 21st century, Looney Tunes USA was restructured. In 2001, the park introduced its tallest, fastest, longest roller coaster, Titan. Built by Giovanola of Switzerland, it climbs 245 feet (74.7 m) and features a top speed of 85 mph (137 km/h). It is the tallest, fastest, longest roller coaster in the park and in the state of Texas. In 2002, the park kicked off the Best of Texas Festival, which brought Texas history back to the park. The park has also made steps toward bringing back the past when they reopened Casa Magnetica. In 2003 Six Flags Over Texas opened the Superman Tower of Power. This was the tallest ride of its kind in the world at the time of its opening. In 2006, the park celebrated its 45th Anniversary by adding ten new attractions geared toward families. Since then, Six Flags Over Texas had placed more emphasis on families by offering a daily parade and more characters (including Scooby-Doo and the Justice League). Six Flags Over Texas also introduced Festival Latino. For 2007 and 2008, Six Flags Over Texas was home to "Cirque Dreams Coobrila", a high energy cirque-acrobatic-type show housed in the Music Mill Amphitheater. On May 17, 2008, Six Flags Over Texas introduced its first roller coaster in seven years, called Tony Hawk's Big Spin.[8] In 2009, debuted the "Glow in the Park Parade", a nighttime parade filled with thousands of lights.

2010s

In early 2010, the Texas Giant roller coaster was closed to be renovated into a super-hybrid coaster and was reopened on April 22, 2011, as the New Texas Giant for the park's 50th anniversary.[9] In late 2010, Six Flags began the process of removing licensed theming from attractions. They terminated several licenses including their licenses with Tony Hawk. Tony Hawk's Big Spin was renamed Pandemonium in the middle of the 2011 season. Mr. Freeze was closed briefly to feature new backwards facing trains. The newly named Mr. Freeze Reverse Blast reopened on May 12, 2012.[10]

On August 2, 2012, Six Flags Over Texas announced the last chance to ride Flashback and Texas Chute Out was September 3, 2012.[11] On August 30, 2012, Six Flags announced the park will be adding the world's tallest swing ride at 400-foot (122 m) tall, called Texas SkyScreamer. Texas Skyscreamer is located in Goodtime's Square, in the place of the former Texas Chute Out. It features a Texas theme with red, white, and blue colors, along with a giant star with six other flags all on top of the tower. Texas SkyScreamer opened on May 25, 2013.[12]

On August 29, 2013, Six Flags officially announced that they would expand their kids area into Bugs' Bunny Boomtown. The park will also add Wahoo Racer, a new water slide to the adjacent Hurricane Harbor park.[13] In late March 2014, Six Flags Over Texas announced for a limited time in 2014 Batman: The Ride will become Batman: The Ride Backwards, as the park will reverse the trains.[14]

On August 28, 2014, Six Flags announced Justice League: Battle for Metropolis, a dark ride themed to the Justice League for the 2015 season.

On September 3, 2015, Six Flags announced the expansion of the Gotham City section of the park for the 2016 season. The expansion will include two new rides, Catwoman Whip and The Riddler Revenge, and the renovation of Crazy Legs into Harley Quinn Spinsanity. The new rides are opening May 28, 2016.

At the beginning of the 2016 season, shockwave was closed to get ready for The New Revolution. It reopened on March 10, 2016 for Season Pass Holders. It reopened to the public on March 25, 2016. On September 1, 2016, Six Flags announced The Joker, a 4D Free-Fly Coaster.

Firsts, bests, and other records

Firsts and ones of a kind

Records

Six Flags oil derrick

Awards

Incidents

Events

Six Flags Over Texas hosts several seasonal events throughout the year including:

The 'Best Time of the Year' is one of the many holiday traditions that make up the park's annual Holiday in the Park celebration.
Aerial view of "Gotham City"-themed section of the park. SH 360 and I-30 intersect in the immediate background which show the proximity of the park to local roadways.

Areas & Attractions

Guide to Rides & Attractions

Star Mall

The Star Mall serves as the entry gate for Six Flags Over Texas. It is one of the original sections of the park when it opened in 1961. It is named for the large star-shaped fountain located in the section.

Attractions:

Ride Name Year Opened Manufacturer/Ride Type Other Notes
Silver Star Carousel 1963 Dentzel carousel Last carousel built by William Dentzel. Originally located in Boomtown section, ride was removed for restoration in 1985 and reopened at current location in 1988.

Entertainment:

Dining:

Merchandise:

Other Guest Services:

Mexico & Spain

The Mexico & Spain area consists of two sections both of which were originally part of the park in 1961. Both sections represent a flag that has flown over the state of Texas.

Attractions:

Ride Name Year Opened Manufacturer/Ride Type Other Notes
El Sombrero 1965 Chance Rides trabant Moved to new location in 2006.
La Fiesta de Las Tazas 2006 Zamperla teacups Built in the former location of El Sombrero.
Conquistador 1981 Intamin Bounty swinging ship
La Vibora 1986 Intamin Swiss Bob / Bobsled roller coaster Ride was moved from Six Flags Magic Mountain. Originally named The Avalanche Bobsled.
El Aserradero 1963 Arrow Log flume World's First Log Flume. Features two separate log flumes: Flume I (1963) & Flume II (1968).

Dining:

Entertainment:

Merchandise:

Texas

The Texas section of the park was another original section when the park opened in 1961. It is named after the Republic of Texas flag that once flew over the state.

Attractions:

Ride Name Year Opened Manufacturer/Ride Type Other Notes
Boot Scootin' 2006 Zamperla boot themed Turtle Parade
Chaparral Antique Cars 1962 Arrow antique cars Entrance & Station relocated in 2011 and went back to its original entrance in 2016.
Rodeo 2006 Huss Rodeo/Breakdance Ride moved from Six Flags Great Adventure.
Sidewinder 2006 Eli Bridge Scrambler Ride moved from Six Flags Astroworld.
Six Flags & Texas Railroad 1961 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge train ride around the park. Stations are the Texas Depot and Boomtown Depot.
New Texas Giant 2011 Dinn Corporation, Designed by Curtis D. Summers, Renovations by Rocky Mountain Construction / Hybrid roller coaster Won Golden Ticket for World's Best Wooden Roller Coaster of 1999. Closed for renovation in 2010. Reopened April 22, 2011 as the world's first Super Hybrid Coaster. Won Golden Ticket for Best New Coaster of 2011.
Titan 2001 Giovanola / Hypercoaster Tallest, fastest, and longest roller coaster in Texas.
Yosemite Sam and The Gold River Adventure 1992 Arrow Water dark ride Originally opened in 1964 as Spee-Lunker's Cave Ride, name/theme changed in 1992. Also see River caves.

Entertainment:

A woman and boy ride on the Chaparral Antique Cars attraction.

Dining:

Merchandise:

The Texas Giant before renovations
The Texas Giant after renovations
The Oil Derrick observation tower
Roaring Rapids river ride (2007)
Superman Tower Of Power (2010)

Old South & France

The Old South & France area consists of two sections both of which were originally part of the park in 1961. Both sections represent a flag that has flown over the state of Texas. The Old South was originally called The Confederacy and featured Civil War reenactments, including performances representing the execution of a captured Union spy.[3]

Attractions:

Ride Name Year Opened Manufacturer/Ride Type Other Notes
Runaway Mountain 1996 Premier Rides / Enclosed roller coaster Indoor coaster almost completely in the dark.

Entertainment:

Dining:

Merchandise:

USA

The USA area of the park opened with the park in 1961. It was originally named the Modern Section, but still represented the United States flag that has flown over Texas. The USA area is also home to the Bugs Bunny Boomtown sub-area.

Attractions:

Ride Name Year Opened Manufacturer/Ride Type Other Notes
Justice League : Battle for Metropolis 2015 Interactive, 3-D, mutli-motion base dark ride. Collaboration of Sally Dark Rides, Alterface, Oceaneering International, and Pure Imagination Studios.[18] Themed to Justice League. Debuted on May 19, 2015. Riders wear 3-D glasses and shoot at targets generated in real-time.
Aquaman Splashdown 1987 Hopkins Rides Shoot-the-Chutes water ride Ride was named Splash Water Falls until 2007.

Bugs Bunny Boomtown

Bugs Bunny Boomtown is a sub-section of the USA section of the park. It serves as the children's area of the park. It originally opened in 1983 as Pac-Man Land. With the introduction of Looney Tunes characters to the park, it was renamed to Looney Tunes Land around 1985. In 2001, the area was renamed once again when it was expanded to include new attractions. It was renamed Bugs Bunny Boomtown for 2014.

Attractions:

Ride Name Year Opened Manufacturer/Ride Type Other Notes
Daffy Duck's Bucket Blasters 2014 Zamperla Aquamania
Looney Tunes Adventure Camp 2014 Miracle Recreation Equipment play structure
Marvin the Martian Space Rockets 2014 Zamperla Rocket Ride
Speedy Gonzales' Truckin' Across America 1992 Zamperla Kiddie convoy/truck ride
Sylvester & Tweety's State Fair-is Wheel 2001 Zamperla mini Ferris wheel
Taz's Tornado Swings 2014 Zamperla Lolly Swing
Bugs Bunny Cloud Bouncer 2001 SBF/VISA group Happy Tower
Wile E. Coyote's Grand Canyon Blaster 2001 Chance Rides Big Dipper / Junior roller coaster
Yosemite Sam's Texas Tea Cups 2001 SBF/VISA group mini teacups

Dining:

Merchandise:

Other Guest Services:

Goodtimes Square

The Goodtimes Square section of the park opened in 1973. Over the years, it took on a loose 1950s theme. Some of Goodtimes Square was expanded to the Gotham City Section on the 2016 season.

Attractions:

Ride Name Year Opened Manufacturer/Ride Type Other Notes
Cloud Bouncer 2006 Zamperla Samba balloon tower
Judge Roy Scream 1980 Don Rosser & Bill Cobb / wooden roller coaster Built outside main park area, along the park's entrance lake.
Texas SkyScreamer 2013 Funtime Star Flyer Second Tallest Star Flyer in the world, standing 400 ft.[12]

Entertainment:

Gotham City

Gotham City opened in 1999 and is themed to the DC Comics Batman universe.

Attractions:

Ride Name Year Opened Manufacturer/Ride Type Other Notes
Batman: The Ride 1999 Bolliger & Mabillard / Inverted roller coaster Is the only inverted roller coaster in the park. Trains were reversed for a limited time in 2014.
Batwing 2006 Zamperla Telecombat
Catwoman Whip 2016 Zamperla Endeavor
Harley Quinn Spinsanity 2006/2016 Huss Troika re-themeing of existing Crazy Legs ride from Goodtimes Square. It was originally named Crazy Legs from 2006-2016.
Mr. Freeze: Reverse Blast [19] 1998 Premier Rides LIM / Launched roller coaster Originally intended to open for the 1997 season, but problems with the LIM Launch system forced a delayed opening. Trains were reversed and ride renamed to Mr. Freeze: Reverse Blast in 2012.
The Joker 2017 S&S Worldwide 4D Free Spin
The Riddler Revenge 2016 Zamperla Giant Discovery ride.

Dining:

Batman: The Ride at Six Flags Over Texas

Boomtown

The Boomtown section opened in 1963. It is based on the Texas boomtowns that sprung up in Texas during the oil boom era.

Attractions:

Ride Name Year Opened Manufacturer/Ride Type Other Notes
Mini Mine Train 1969 Arrow / Mine train roller coaster Located next to the bigger Mine Train. Track modified slightly in 1997 when Mr. Freeze was built next to/over parts of the track.
Pandemonium [20] 2008 Gerstlauer / Spinning roller coaster Originally named "Tony Hawk's Big Spin"
Runaway Mine Train 1966 Arrow Development / Mine train roller coaster First Arrow mine train roller coaster built.
Six Flags & Texas Railroad 1961 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge train ride around the park. Stations are the Texas Depot and Boomtown Depot
The Gunslinger 1983 Chance Rides Yo-Yo swings ride Ride was named Texas Tornado until 2007.

Dining:

Merchandise:

Six Flags & Texas Railroad (2007)
The Gunslinger swing ride (2007)

Tower

The Tower Section opened in 1969 and is named after the Oil Derrick tower location in the section.

Attractions:

Ride Name Year Opened Manufacturer/Ride Type Other Notes
Caddo Lake Barge 2006 Zamperla Rockin’ Tug
Dive Bomber Alley 1996 Skycoaster Requires additional charge.
Oil Derrick 1969 Intamin observation tower Largest land-based oil derrick in the world standing 300 ft tall.
Roaring Rapids 1983 Intamin river rapids ride Replaced Skull Island and LaSalle's Riverboat Adventure.
Shock Wave 1978 Schwarzkopf / Looping roller coaster Steel coaster with two back-to-back vertical loops.
Six Flags Speedway Go Karts 1999 J & J Amusements go karts Requires additional charge.
Superman Tower Of Power 2003 3 S&S Worldwide Combo Towers Tallest Freefall Combo Tower in the world standing 325 ft tall.

Entertainment:

Dining:

Former Attractions

Ride Name Opened Closed Manufacturer Ride Model/Type Location Notes
Big Bend 1971 1979 Schwarzkopf Speed Racer USA Ride relocated to Six Flags St. Louis, but was never re-assembled and was later scrapped.
Bugs Bunny's Spirit of St. Louie 1976 2013 Zamperla Mini airplane ride Looney Tunes USA
Caddo War Canoes 1962 1983 Canoe Ride Boomtown
Cinesphere Chevy Show 1969 1984 Cinema 180 Old South Current Lone Star Theater
Daffy Duck's Capitol Tours 2001 2013 SBF/VISA group Kiddie crazy bus ride Looney Tunes USA
Ferrocarril Fiesta Train 1961 1978 Train Ride Mexico Updated in 1968
Flashback 1989 2012 Vekoma Boomerang Goodtimes Square It was closed on September 3, 2012. Ride relocated to Six Flags St. Louis, re-opened in 2013 as Boomerang
Great Six Flags Air Racer 1984 1999 Intamin AG Air Racer Tower
La Cucaracha 1961 1964 Allan Herschell Wild Mouse Mexico Originally named Sidewinder and was located in the USA section in 1961. Name changed and moved to Mexico section in 1962.
Las Cocheses Cabras Goat Cart 1961 1963 Mexico Goat powered cart ride
LaSalle's Riverboat Expedition 1961 1982 Guided Old Mill France
Little Dixie Carousel 1961 1974 Animal Powered Carousel Old South Also known as Flying Jenny
Los Conquistadores Mule Pack Ride Coronado Trek[21] 1961 1962 Spain Although titled "mule pack ride," guests actually rode burros and were led by a host dressed as conquistador, riding a horse.[4]
Michigan J. Frog's Tinsel Town Revue 1985 2013 Zamperla Mini swinger ride Looney Tunes USA
Overland Butterfield Stagecoach 1961 1967 Stagecoach Old South
Rotoriculous 1975 1988 Himalaya Goodtimes Square Ride was enclosed
Route 66 Bumper Cars 2001 2013 SBF/VISA group Mini bumper cars Looney Tunes USA
Skull Island 1961 1982 Playground Skull Island
Sky Hook 1963 1968 Sky Crane Boomtown An observation ride adapted from a cargo crane by Von Roll of Switzerland.[4] Ride relocated to Magic Springs
Spee-Lunker's Cave 1964 1991 Arrow Development Floating Dark Ride Texas
Spindletop 1967 1989 Chance Rides Rotor Goodtimes Square/Texas Relocated to Frontier City and renamed Tumbleweed
Spinnaker 1977 1995 Schwarzkopf GmbH Enterprise Tower Relocated to Six Flags Fiesta Texas
Texas Chute Out 1976 2012 Intamin AG Parachute Tower Goodtimes Square Imploded and demolished on October 10, 2012. Replaced by SkyScreamer
Tower Slide 1969 1976 Fun Slide Tower Section
[22] Virtual Quest 2001 2005 Virtual reality Goodtimes Square
ACME Rock-n-Rocket 2006 2014 Intamin AG Looping Starship USA Closed on August 24, 2014. Replaced by Justice League:Battle for Metropolis

See also

References

  1. ↑ Sixflags.com
  2. ↑ "2015 Six Flags Entertainment Corporation Annual Report" (PDF). SixFlags.com. Retrieved July 20, 2016.
  3. 1 2 Victoria W. Wolcott (16 August 2012). Race, Riots, and Roller Coasters: The Struggle Over Segregated Recreation in America. University of Pennsylvania Press. p. 158. ISBN 0-8122-0759-9.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Seifert, Jeffrey (2011). "Six Flags Over Five Decades". RollerCoaster! Magazine. 32 (3): 4–23. ISSN 0896-7261.
  5. ↑ Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis Community Development Project. "Consumer Price Index (estimate) 1800–". Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis. Retrieved October 21, 2016.
  6. ↑ "1961 Park Map", rcreride.com.
  7. ↑ Lidsville Opening Title and End Credits, YouTube
  8. ↑ Sixflags.com
  9. ↑ Texas Giant Opening April 22
  10. ↑ MacDonald, Brady (25 November 2010). "Six Flags amusement parks prepare for thematic makeovers". LA Times. Retrieved 27 November 2010.
  11. ↑ Six Flags Over Texas (August 2, 2012). "A Pair of Popular Six Flags Over Texas Rides Are Going Away". Press Release. Six Flags. Retrieved August 2, 2012.
  12. 1 2 "Texas SkyScreamer" (PDF). SixFlags.com. Retrieved August 30, 2012.
  13. ↑ "New for 2014". August 29, 2013. Retrieved August 29, 2013.
  14. ↑ "SFOT BB". March 25, 2014. Retrieved March 26, 2014.
  15. 1 2 Seifert, Jeffrey; Slade, Gary (2011). "Six Flags Over Texas Celebrates 50th Anniversary". Amusement Today. 15 (5): 1B–23B.
  16. ↑ Guide to Six Flags Over Texas
  17. ↑ Star-telegram.com
  18. ↑ "Six Flags Over Texas debuts state of the art dark ride". Amusement Today. 20 May 2015. Retrieved 21 December 2015.
  19. ↑ "Mr.Freeze Reverse Blast", Six Flags Over Texas website.
  20. ↑ MacDonald, Brady (November 25, 2010). "Six Flags amusement parks prepare for thematic makeovers". Los Angeles Times.
  21. ↑ "1961 Map of Six Flags Over Texas". American Coaster Enthusiasts. Retrieved 25 March 2013.
  22. ↑ guidetosfot.com/rides/oilderrick/
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