Timeline of Vietnamese history
This is a timeline of Vietnamese history, comprising most legal and territorial changes and political events in Viet Nam and its predecessor states. To read about the background to these events, see History of Vietnam.
Predynastic
Early Hồng Bàng
| Date |
Ruler |
Events |
Other people/events |
| 2879 BC | King Kinh Dương Vương (2879 - 2794 BC) | Kinh Dương Vương groups all the vassal states within his territory into a unified nation, and calls his newly born nation Xích Quỷ.[4]
Martial arts start in the country for increased power to region.[5] | The capital is Phong Châu (in southern section of modern Hanoi).[4] |
| 2793 BC | Many kings named themselves Hùng Hiền Vương (2793 - 2525 BC) | | |
| 2637 BC | The lunar calendar begins.[6] | |
| 2524 BC | Many kings named themselves Hùng Quốc Vương (2524 - 2253 BC) | The country renamed Văn Lang. | Capital Phong Châu is moved to the site of modern Phú Thọ. |
| ? | Administrative rule of the Lạc tướng, Bố chính, and Lạc hầu enforced.[7] | |
| ? | Công Ba explores the Red River Delta region.[8] | |
| ~2500 BC | The Hùng Vương expands rice cultivation.[9] | |
| 2254 BC | Many kings named themselves Hùng Diệp Vương (2254 - 1913 BC) | | |
| ? | Thiên Cương puts down the Xích quỷ Rebellion.[10] | |
| ~2200 BC | Carved lines on stone tools, providing the first evidence for the Vietnamese calendar system.[11] | |
| ~2000 BC | Phùng Nguyên culture. | |
Middle Hồng Bàng
| Date |
Ruler |
Events |
Other people/events |
| 1912 BC | Many kings named themselves Hùng Hy Vương (1912 - 1713 BC) | | |
| 1712 BC | Many kings named themselves Hùng Huy Vương (1712 - 1632 BC) | | |
| ~1700 BC | Burial rituals and tomb building begins.[12] | |
| ? | Recorded starting date for the process of making silk.[13] | |
| ? | Vũ Hồng and Vũ Thị Lê Hoa's military campaign.[14][15] | |
| 1631 BC | Many kings named themselves Hùng Chiêu Vương (1631 - 1432 BC) | | |
| ~1500 BC | Đồng Đậu culture.[16] | The coastal residents developed a sophisticated agricultural society.[17] |
| ~1486 BC | Shang invasion. Resistance led by Thánh Gióng.[18] | |
| 1431 BC | Many kings named themselves Hùng Vi Vương (1431 - 1332 BC) | | |
| 1331 BC | Many kings named themselves Hùng Định Vương (1331 - 1252 BC) | | |
| 1251 BC | Many kings named themselves Hùng Uy Vương (1251 - 1162 BC) | | |
| ~1200 BC | Development of bronze casting, which later led to the development of the Đông Sơn culture.[19] | Development of irrigated[20] rice cultivation in the Ma River and Red River plains.[19] |
| 1161 BC | Many kings named themselves Hùng Trinh Vương (1161 - 1055 BC) | | |
| ~1045 BC | Gò Mun culture.[21] | |
Late Hồng Bàng
| Date |
Ruler |
Events |
Other people/events |
| 1054 BC | Many kings named themselves Hùng Vũ Vương (1054 - 969 BC) | | |
| ~1000 BC | Đông Sơn culture, notable for its elaborate bronze drums.
Metal Age in Vietnam as copper casting begin to be used to make brass tools, weapons, and ornaments.[22] | Văn Lang's population is about 1 million people.[9]
Astronomical observation is known by the Vietnamese around this time.[23] |
| 968 BC | Many kings named themselves Hùng Việt Vương (968 - 854 BC) | | |
| 853 BC | Many kings named themselves Hùng Anh Vương (853 - 755 BC) | | |
| 754 BC | Many kings named themselves Hùng Triệu Vương (754 - 661 BC) | | |
| ~700 BC | The process of migration of refugees from the Spring and Autumn period to Red River Delta begins.[24] This includes the Lạc Việt tribes who later become the dominant group within the country.[25] | |
| 660 BC | Many kings named themselves Hùng Tạo Vương (660 - 569 BC) | | |
| ? | General Thạch Tướng puts down the Man rebellion.[26] | |
| ~600 BC | The metallurgical style invented the unique shape of drum which characterizes the style.[27] | Appearance of the tidal irrigation of rice fields through an elaborate system of canals and dikes.[19] |
| 568 BC | Many kings named themselves Hùng Nghị Vương (568 - 409 BC) | | |
| ? | Princess Nguyệt Cư's affair.[28] | |
| ~500 BC | Artifacts suggest that Tết has been celebrated since this time.[29][30] | |
| ~470 BC | King Goujian of Yue sends missions to Văn Lang demanding submission but the Hùng Vương refuses.[31] | |
| 408 BC | Many kings named themselves Hùng Duệ Vương (408 - 258 BC) | | |
| ~400 BC | A mass migration to the Red River Delta takes place because of the Warring States period.[24] | |
| ~300 BC | Proselytizing Buddhist delegations are sent from India, some of whom are thought to have reached Văn Lang.[32] | The Âu Việt tribes reach the northern border of Văn Lang and start to trade with the Lạc Việt.[33] |
| ? | Phan Tây Nhạc's military campaign.[34] | |
| 258 BC | Thục Phán, ruler of the neighboring upland Âu Việt, conquers Văn Lang and overthrows the last Hùng Duệ Vương.[35] | |
| Date |
Ruler |
Events |
Other people/events |
| 111 BC | Shi Dai (Thạch Đái) (111 - 86 BC) | Nhật Nam prefecture set up after the conquest south of the Hoành Sơn Range.[46][47] | |
| 110 BC | End of the Tây Vu Vương Uprising.[48] | |
| 106 BC | Giao Chỉ Circuit established.[46][47] | |
| | Zhou Zhang (Chu Chương) (86 - 75 BC) | | |
| | Chúc Lương (78 - 74 BC?) | | |
| | Ngụy Lãng (69 - 60 BC?) | | |
| | Ích Cư Xương (59? - 54 BC) | | |
| 2 | Tích Quang (2 - 31) | Census counts 143,643 households and 981,755 people.[49] | |
| | Deng Rang (Đặng Nhượng) (8 - 23) | | |
| | Ren Yan (Nhâm Diên) (29 - 34) | | |
| 39 | Su Ding (Tô Định) (34 - 40) | Assassination of Thi Sách. | |
| 40 | Trưng Sisters' Uprising against Han rule.[50] | |
| Date |
Ruler |
Ruler |
Events |
Other people/events |
| 544 | Emperor Lý Nam Đế (544 - 548) | | Lý Nam Đế names the country Vạn Xuân.[51] | |
| 545 | Defeated by the Liang army under Chen at Chu Diên and at the estuary of the Tô Lịch River, Lý Nam Đế flees to the Gia Ninh Citadel (in modern Việt Trì).[52] | |
| 546 | As the Gia Ninh Citadel collapses, Lý Nam Đế retreats to Khuất Lạo Cave, reorganizes his army and cedes his military authorities to Triệu Việt Vương. | |
| 547 | Defense of the Dạ Trạch swamp (Khoái Châu).[53] | |
| 548 | Emperor Triệu Việt Vương (548 - 571) | Emperor Lý Đào Lang Vương (548 - 555) | After the death of Lý Nam Đế in Khuất Lão Cave, Chen besieges several times but failed to toppled Triệu Việt Vương. | |
| 550 | Triệu Việt Vương defeats the Liang army and regains Vạn Xuân, building his capital at Long Biên. | While Triệu Quang Phục leads his forces against Chen, Lý Đào Lang Vương defends Dã Năng (now in Laos).[54] |
| 557 | Emperor Later Lý Nam Đế (555 - 602) | | Later Lý Nam Đế moves his troops eastward clashing with Triệu Việt Vương but the two sides come up with a truce and create a boundary between their territories. |
| 571 | | Later Lý Nam Đế breaks the truce and conquers an unpreparedness Triệu Việt Vương's domain. Later Lý Nam Đế now rules the entire country and builds the capital at Phong Châu. |
| 602 | | Sui–Lý War. | |
See also
Notes
- ↑ Importance of cultural history. Retrieved 2014-04-23.
- ↑ Dao 1985
- ↑ "Vietnam Notebook: Early History, Nam Viet to Gia Long". Parallel Narratives. Retrieved 14 March 2015.
- 1 2 3 Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư, Issue 1
- ↑ Iwona Czerwinska Pawluk and Walery Zukow, p. 21
- ↑ Culture and Customs of Vietnam. Retrieved 14 March 2015.
- ↑ quan Thai. "Lịch sử Việt Nam". Retrieved 14 March 2015.
- ↑ Lê Trung Vũ & Lê Hồng Lý, p. 95
- 1 2 "LIÊN ĐOÀN LAO ĐỘNG BÌNH ĐỊNH". Retrieved 14 March 2015.
- ↑ Lê Trung Vũ & Lê Hồng Lý, p. 414
- ↑ Ancient calendar unearthed. Retrieved 2014-01-03.
- ↑ Archaeologists unearth 3,200-year-old woman in Vietnam. Retrieved 2013-12-22.
- ↑ according to Book of Han.
- ↑ Lê Trung Vũ & Lê Hồng Lý, p. 852
- ↑ Vũ Hồng - Vũ Thị Lê Hoa
- ↑ "Cồ Việt- Tri Thức Việt". Retrieved 14 March 2015.
- ↑ Vietnam - History. Retrieved 2013-12-14.
- ↑ Lê Trung Vũ & Lê Hồng Lý, p. 107
- 1 2 3 "Vietnam - HISTORY". Retrieved 14 March 2015.
- 1 2 3 4 "Vietnamese History: A Chronological Outline - Asia for Educators - Columbia University". Retrieved 14 March 2015.
- ↑ Gò Mun culture
- ↑ Vietnam Handicrafts. Retrieved 2013-12-31.
- ↑ World Beat: Vietnam. Retrieve 2014-01-01.
- 1 2 Hauptly, 1985, 4
- ↑ Đào Duy Anh, Đất nước Việt Nam qua các đời, NXB VHTT, 2005, p. 21
- ↑ Cao Xuân Đỉnh 1969, pp. 126–130
- ↑ Tarling, p. 121
- ↑ Lê Trung Vũ & Lê Hồng Lý, p. 267
- ↑ Going Dutch in Beijing. Retrieved 14 March 2015.
- ↑ Celebrate Tet. Retrieved 14 March 2015.
- ↑ Âu Lạc under An Dương Vương
- ↑ Nguyễn Tài Thư (2008), p.13.
- ↑ Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania. Retrieved 14 March 2015.
- ↑ Lê Trung Vũ & Lê Hồng Lý, p. 65
- ↑ Lĩnh Nam chích quái
- ↑ Death Anniversary of the Hùng kings. Retrieved 2013-11-30.
- ↑ Taylor, Keith Weller (1991). Birth of Vietnam, The. University of California Press. pp. 23–27. ISBN 0520074173.
- 1 2 Vu Dinh Dinh. "Cochinchina: Reassessment of the Origin and Use of a Westernized Place Name". The Writers Post, vol. 9, Jan & Jul 2007.
- ↑ Taylor, 1991, p. 24.
- 1 2 3 Triệu Dynasty (207 – 111 BC)
- ↑ Nguyễn Tài Thư (2008), p.20.
- ↑ Doh Chull Shin, p. 34
- ↑ "カードローンRoom". Retrieved 14 March 2015.
- ↑ Vương Hùng.docx
- ↑ 111 BC: Uprising shakes the rule of the Triệu Dynasty
- 1 2 "BẮC THUỘC VÀ CHỐNG BẮC THUỘC: NHỮNG DẤU TÍCH VĂN HÓA VẬT CHẤT (GS.TS NGUYỄN QUANG NGỌC)". Retrieved 14 March 2015.
- 1 2 Taylor, 1991, p. 30.
- ↑ Taylor, 1991, p. 29.
- ↑ Taylor, 1991, p. 33.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Vietnam - a country study
- ↑ Việt sử Thông giám cương mục.
- ↑ "Cồ Việt- Tri Thức Việt". Retrieved 14 March 2015.
- ↑ 547: Triệu Quan Phục stations troops at Dạ Trạch swamp
- 1 2 Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư, Issue 4
- ↑ "A Brief History of Vietnam". Retrieved 14 March 2015.
- ↑ Lịch sử chế độ phong kiến, Vol. 3, pp. 505–506.
- 1 2 "Leadup to French Colonization". Retrieved 14 March 2015.
- 1 2 Vietnam’s Chronology
- ↑ "Thousands of Hmong stage rare Vietnam protest". Retrieved 14 March 2015.
References
- Cao Xuân Đỉnh. Người anh hùng làng Dóng. NxbKHXH 1969.
- Dao, T. T. 1985. Types of rice cultivation and its related civilization in Vietnam. East Asian Cultural Studies 24: 41—56.
- Doh Chull Shin (2011). Confucianism and Democratization in East Asia. Cambridge University Press.
- Hauptly, Denis J. (1985), In Vietnam, New York.
- Iwona Czerwinska Pawluk and Walery Zukow (2011). Humanities dimension of physiotherapy, rehabilitation, nursing and public health. ISBN 978-83-61047-34-6.
- Jeffrey, Laura S. (2007). Celebrate Tet. Enslow Publishers, Inc.
- Lê Trung Vũ & Lê Hồng Lý. Lễ hội Việt Nam. Hương Trang Cultural Company Ltd. & NXB Văn hóa Thông tin, 2005.
- Mark W. McLeod & Nguyen Thi Dieu (2001). Culture and Customs of Vietnam. Greenwood Publishing Group.
- McCrum, Mark (2008). Going Dutch in Beijing: How to Behave Properly When Far Away from Home. Macmillan.
- Nguyễn Tài Thư (2008), History of Buddhism in Vietnam, Cultural heritage and contemporary change: South East Asia, CRVP, ISBN 1565180984
- Tarling, Nicholas. The Cambridge History of Southeast Asia. Cambridge University Press, 1999.
- Taylor, Keith Weller, The Birth of Vietnam. University of California Press, 1991.
Further reading
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