Trichostatin A

Trichostatin A
Structural formula of trichostatin A
Space-filling model of the trichostatin A molecule
Clinical data
Pregnancy
category
  • Teratogenic
ATC code None
Identifiers
CAS Number 58880-19-6 N
PubChem (CID) 444732
IUPHAR/BPS 7005
DrugBank DB04297 YesY
ChemSpider 392575 YesY
ChEBI CHEBI:46024 YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL99 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.107.856
Chemical and physical data
Formula C17H22N2O3
Molar mass 302.37 g/mol
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
 NYesY (what is this?)  (verify)

Trichostatin A (TSA) is an organic compound that serves as an antifungal antibiotic and selectively inhibits the class I and II mammalian histone deacetylase (HDAC) families of enzymes, but not class III HDACs (i.e., sirtuins).[1] TSA inhibits the eukaryotic cell cycle during the beginning of the growth stage. TSA can be used to alter gene expression by interfering with the removal of acetyl groups from histones (histone deacetylases, HDAC) and therefore altering the ability of DNA transcription factors to access the DNA molecules inside chromatin. It is a member of a larger class of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDIs or HDACIs) that have a broad spectrum of epigenetic activities. Thus, TSA has some potential as an anti-cancer drug.[2] One suggested mechanism is that TSA promotes the expression of apoptosis-related genes, leading to cancerous cells surviving at lower rates, thus slowing the progression of cancer.[3] Other mechanisms may include the activity of HDIs to induce cell differentiation, thus acting to "mature" some of the de-differentiated cells found in tumors. HDIs have multiple effects on non-histone effector molecules, so the anti-cancer mechanisms are truly not understood at this time.

TSA inhibits HDACs 1, 3, 4, 6 and 10 with IC50 values around 20 nM.[4]

TSA represses IL (interleukin)-1β/LPS (lipopolysaccharide)/IFNγ (interferon γ)-induced nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) expression in murine macrophage-like cells but increases LPS-stimulated NOS2 expression in murine N9 and primary rat microglial cells.[5]

TSA has not been tested in clinical trials as of May 27, 2013.[6]

See also

References

  1. ↑ Vanhaecke T, Papeleu P, Elaut G, Rogiers V (2004). "Trichostatin A-like hydroxamate histone deacetylase inhibitors as therapeutic agents: toxicological point of view". Curr Med Chem. 11 (12): 1629–43. doi:10.2174/0929867043365099. PMID 15180568.
  2. ↑ Drummond DC, Noble CO, Kirpotin DB, Guo Z, Scott GK, Benz CC (2005). "Clinical development of histone deacetylase inhibitors as anticancer agents". Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 45: 495–528. doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.45.120403.095825. PMID 15822187.
  3. ↑ Shankar S, Srivastava RK (2008). "Histone deacetylase inhibitors: mechanisms and clinical significance in cancer: HDAC inhibitor-induced apoptosis". Adv Exp Med Biol. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 615: 261–98. doi:10.1007/978-1-4020-6554-5_13. ISBN 978-1-4020-6553-8. PMID 18437899.
  4. ↑ http://www.freepatentsonline.com/y2009/0263353.html
  5. ↑ Adcock (2007). "HDAC inhibitors as anti-inflammatory agents".
  6. ↑ http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?term=Trichostatin+A
This article is issued from Wikipedia - version of the 11/16/2016. The text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike but additional terms may apply for the media files.