Ukrainian parliamentary election, 2007

Ukrainian parliamentary election, 2007
Ukraine
30 September 2007
All 450 seats to the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine
226 seats were needed for a majority
  First party Second party Third party
 
Leader Viktor Yanukovych Yulia Tymoshenko Vyacheslav Kyrylenko
Party Party of Regions Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc Our Ukraine Bloc
Leader since 13 April 2003 9 February 2001 5 July 2007
Last election 186 seats, 32.14% 129 seats, 22.29% 81 seats, 13.95%
Seats won 175 156 72
Seat change Decrease 11 Increase 27 Decrease 9
Popular vote 8,013,895 7,162,193 3,301,282
Percentage 34.37% 30.71% 14.15%
Swing Increase 2.23% Increase 8.62% Increase 0.20%
  Fourth party Fifth party
 
Leader Petro Symonenko Volodymyr Lytvyn
Party Communist Party Lytvyn Bloc
Leader since 1993 2005
Last election 21 seats, 3.66% 0 seats, 2,44%
Seats won 27 20
Seat change Increase 6 Increase 20
Popular vote 1,257,291 924,538
Percentage 5.39% 3.96%
Swing Increase 1.73% Increase 1.52%

Results of the 2007 parliamentary election.
Chairman of Parliament before election

Oleksandr Moroz
Socialist Party

 Elected Chairman of Parliament

Arseniy Yatsenyuk
Our Ukraine Bloc

Early parliamentary elections in Ukraine took place on 30 September 2007. The date of the election was determined following agreement between the President Viktor Yushchenko, the Prime Minister Viktor Yanukovych and the Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada (Ukrainian Parliament) Oleksandr Moroz on 27 May 2007, in an attempt to resolve the political crisis in Ukraine triggered by the 2 April 2007 presidential decree on dissolution of Ukraine's parliament.[1][2]

The 450 seats were divided among all parties that achieved a minimum 3% nationwide vote tally.[3] The number of seats that are allocated to each party, above the 3% participation rate quota, is calculated using the Hamilton method of apportionment.[4]

In the election, an alliance of two electoral blocs associated with the Orange Revolution, Yulia Tymoshenko's Bloc (BYuT) and Our Ukraine-Peoples Self Defence (OU-PSD) obtained a narrow majority [5] leaving their main rival, the Party of Regions (PoR) in opposition.

Political crisis

Ukraine
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Ukraine
Constitution

Following the 2006 parliamentary elections, there was an ongoing power struggle between the President and the parliamentary majority, which resulted in the dissolution of parliament.[6] The majority in the parliament, known as Coalition of National Unity, was formed by Party of Regions, Communist Party, and Socialist Party). It was opposed by Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc and Our Ukraine.

Early in 2007, several members of the opposition indicated their support to the ruling coalition. If sufficient numbers of members of parliament supported the government, the Coalition of National Unity could have secured a two-thirds majority, empowering the parliament to override the president's right of veto and enabling the parliament to initiate limited constitutional changes.

On 2 April 2007, Yushchenko decreed the dissolution of the Verkhovna Rada.[7]

The authority of the president to dismiss the parliament was challenged in the Constitutional Court,[8][9] however following the president's intervention in the operation of the Constitutional Court the court has not ruled on the constitutionality of the president's decree.[10][11][12][13][14][13][15]

The election was originally scheduled to be held on 27 May 2007 and later postponed to 24 June 2007. On 27 May 2007 an agreement was signed by President Viktor Yushchenko, Prime Minister Viktor Yanukovych, and Parliamentary Speaker Oleksandr Moroz, scheduling the elections to be held on 30 September 2007. [16]

The President's previous decrees were revoked and a new decree based on the provisions of Article 82 and Article 90 of Ukraine's Constitution was issued in its place in August 2007 following the resignation of over 150 members of the opposition parties.


Results

The first polling places to open were at the Ukrainian embassies in Australia and Japan. Election districts were open from 7:00AM until 10:00PM local time. According to the Central Election Commission of Ukraine 63.22% of registered voters cast ballots.[17] This easily exceeded the 50% participation required by Ukrainian law to make the election valid.

Five parties received the required election threshold of 3% of the total vote and entered the Verkhovna Rada: Party of Regions (PoR), Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko (BYuT), Our Ukraine-Peoples Self Defence (OU-PSD), the Communist Party of Ukraine (CPU) and the Bloc Lytvyn (BL). The Socialist Party of Ukraine (SPU) secured only 2.86% of the vote and as such did not win any seats in the new parliament. Had the Socialist Party received an additional 0.14% of the vote the overall results would have been more or less the same as the previous Ukrainian parliamentary election in 2006 with the addition of Bloc Lytvyn representatives.

Election results by parties and blocs

 Summary of the 30 September 2007 Verkhovna Rada election results
Parties and blocs Votes % Swing % Seats   (2006)
Party of Regions (Партія регіонів) 8,013,895 34.37  2.23 175  -11 (186)
Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc (Блок Юлії Тимошенко) 7,162,193 30.71  8.43 156  +27 (129)
Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc(1) (Блок Наша Україна–Народна Самооборона) 3,301,282 14.15  0.21 72  –9 (81)
Communist Party of Ukraine (Комуністична партія України) 1,257,291 5.39  1.73 27  +6 (21)
Lytvyn Bloc(2) (Блок Литвина) 924,538 3.96  1.53 20  +20 (0)
Socialist Party of Ukraine (Соціалістична партія України) 668,234 2.86  2.82  33 (33)
Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine(3) (Прогресивна соціалістична партія України) 309,008 1.32 Decrease 1.61
All-Ukrainian Union "Freedom" (Всеукраїнське об'єднання "Свобода") 178,660 0.76  0.41
Party of Greens of Ukraine (Партія Зелених України) 94,505 0.40  0.14
Electoral Bloc of Liudmyla Suprun – Ukrainian Regional Asset(4) (Виборчий блок Людмили Супрун — Український регіональний актив) 80,944 0.34 Decrease 0.15
Communist Party of Ukraine (renewed) (Комуністична партія України (оновлена)) 68,602 0.29 N/A(5)
Party of Free Democrats(9) (Партія Вільних Демократів) 50,852 0.21
Bloc of the Party of Pensioners of Ukraine (Блок партії пенсіонерів України) 34,845 0.14
Party of National Economic Development of Ukraine (Партія національно-економічного розвитку України) 33,489 0.14
Ukrainian People's Bloc (Український Народний Блок) 28,414 0.12
Peasants' Bloc "Agrarian Ukraine" (Селянський Блок "Аграрна Україна") 25,675 0.11
Christian Bloc (Християнський блок) 24,597 0.10
Electoral Bloc of Political Parties "KUCHMA" (Виборчий блок політичних партій «КУЧМА») 23,676 0.10
Bloc "All-Ukrainian Community" (Блок "Всеукраїнська громада") 12,327 0.05
All-Ukrainian Party of People's Trust (Всеукраїнська партія Народної Довіри) 5,342 0.02
Against all 637,185 2.73
Invalid ballot papers 379,658 1.62
Total (turnout 62.02%) 23,315,257 100 450
Source: Central Election Commission of Ukraine (English) More detailed information: Центральної виборчої комісії України (Ukrainian)

Notes:

There were 20 parties and blocs registered on the voting ballot. One more electoral bloc PORA-Reforms and Order was participating in early election procedures but was subsequently removed by CVK as result of court decision.[18] Number 17 assigned initially to this bloc was removed from the ballot paper.

 Results of the parliamentary elections:

Support of leading parties and blocs by administrative regions

Party of Regions results (34.37%)
Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko results (30.71%)
Our Ukraine People's Self-Defence results (14.15%)
Communist Party of Ukraine results (5.39%)
Bloc Lytvyn Party results (3.96%)
Socialist Party of Ukraine results (2.86%)
Region Voter registration Voter turnout PoR BYuT OU-PSD CPU BL SPU
Autonomous Republic of Crimea 1,568,070 55.8 61.0 6.9 8.2 7.6 3.9 1.9
Cherkasy Oblast 1,095,058 60.1 15.5 47.0 15.3 4.9 4.9 4.3
Chernihiv Oblast 939,072 61.8 20.7 41.9 14.9 6.7 4.2 2.9
Chernivtsi Oblast 705,272 58.2 16.8 46.2 20.3 2.3 2.5 3.8
Dnipropetrovsk Oblast 2,810,168 58.9 48.7 20.8 6.2 7.6 5.0 1.3
Donetsk Oblast 3,620,888 66.0 76.0 4.5 2.0 6.8 1.0 1.3
Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast 1,080,296 72.6 3.0 50.7 36.8 0.8 1.0 0.8
Kharkiv Oblast 2,282,993 58.3 49.6 16.4 8.1 8.3 4.6 2.6
Kherson Oblast 893,442 55.5 43.2 23.1 9.1 9.1 3.7 2.5
Khmelnytsky Oblast 1,083,968 66.3 14.1 48.2 18.4 4.0 6.6 1.7
Kirovohrad Oblast 614,832 57.9 27.0 37.6 11.7 6.4 5.5 2.8
Kiev 2,151,576 63.5 15.0 46.2 15.8 4.6 6.6 1.6
Kiev Oblast 1,679,197 61.9 13.0 53.4 15.1 3.0 5.1 2.2
Luhansk Oblast 1,898,637 66.3 73.5 5.1 1.7 8.5 2.4 1.3
Lviv Oblast 2,002,372 73.9 4.2 50.4 36.0 1.0 1.1 0.6
Mykolaiv Oblast 971,038 57.6 54.4 16.6 5.8 7.2 4.5 1.9
Odessa Oblast 1,851,868 54.5 52.2 13.7 6.5 6.2 5.1 7.2
Poltava Oblast 1250,952 61.9 24.8 37.9 14.5 6.5 4.9 3.0
Rivne Oblast 865,092 68.7 10.4 51.0 20.8 2.4 6.1 2.1
Sevastopol 308,928 59.7 64.5 5.0 2.3 10.3 2.5 2.7
Sumy Oblast 990,575 62.0 15.7 44.5 20.8 5.8 3.3 2.0
Ternopil Oblast 870,214 76.5 3.0 51.6 35.2 0.7 1.6 1.1
Vinnytsia Oblast 1,342,608 64.5 12.6 50.0 18.6 5.0 3.1 2.5
Volyn Oblast 801,557 71.0 6.7 57.6 20.0 2.7 4.6 1.9
Zakarpattia Oblast 946,525 52.1 19.8 28.9 31.1 1.8 6.0 3.5
Zhytomyr Oblast 1,044,852 62.5 22.4 37.0 15.1 5.8 8.3 2.5
Zaporizhia Oblast 1,515,832 61.4 55.5 14.7 4.7 8.3 5.5 2.3
Foreign Embassies 431,142 6.0 26.5 33.1 25.5 1.6 2.3 1.2
Ukraine 37,185,882 62.0 34.4 30.7 14.2 5.4 4.0 2.9

Format of ruling coalition

Parliament 2007

Following the announcement of preliminary election results, the parties expressed their position on forming the coalition. The Party of Regions announced itself a winner of the election and stated that it started negotiations on forming a ruling coalition. The party did not express the desire to be in opposition. Tymoshenko's Bloc advocated a coalition with Our Ukraine and possibly Lytvyn's Bloc. Yulia Tymoshenko was strongly against any coalition with the Party of Regions or the Communists. She stated that her Bloc would be in opposition should such a coalition be formed. President Yushchenko has expressed the need for a better relationship between coalition and opposition. This should be achieved by providing the opposition with posts in the parliament and the government. Lytvyn's Bloc received proposals from all top parties on forming a coalition. Leaders of the Bloc stated that their decision will be made at the party's assembly. Oleksandr Moroz, the leader of the Socialist Party of Ukraine, acknowledged his defeat on 4 October 2007 and supported Tymoshenko's bid for premiership.[19]

Yulia Tymoshenko, following the formation of a coalition between the Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc and Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc was subsequently elected prime-minister on 18 December 2007.[5] Her candidacy was supported by the vote of 226 deputies.[20]

The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine is competent on the condition that no less than two-thirds of its constitutional composition has been elected. This means that if any one of the two largest parties resign en masse, the parliament would lose its authority and fresh elections would be required.

Electoral maps

 Maps showing the top six parties support - percentage of total national vote

Election results compared with the previous Ukrainian parliamentary election

In 2006, 27% of the registered vote represented support for minor parties that received less than the 3% statutory representation threshold. In 2007 the number of voters that supported minor parties that received less than the 3% statutory threshold (Including the Socialist Party of Ukraine the support of 2.86%) was only 7%.

The 20% difference shows a consolidation of voter's support towards major political parties. This fact needs to be taken into consideration when making any assessment as to the positive swing recorded for Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko, Party of Regions, The Communist Party of Ukraine and Bloc Lytvyn. The Our Ukraine bloc merged with the new party "People's Self-Defence" but only recorded a marginal gain in the overall percentage of the vote representing a reduction of 236964 votes in comparison with the 2006 data.

Further review of the regional vote shows a consolidation of the vote by Yulia Tymoshenko in regions in which her party already maintained strong support. Apart from the Socialist Party of Ukraine and a marginal gain by Our Ukraine all major political parties recorded an increase in the overall percentage the voter support when comparing the 2006 to 2007 results.

The other fact that needs to also be considered is that in 2006 the participation rate was 67% and in 2007 the participation rate dropped down to 62%.

Charts 2007

 Results of the parliamentary elections:

Charts 2006

 Results of the parliamentary elections:
 Regional results (in %) of the six parliamentary political parties or blocs in Ukrainian parliamentary election, 2006 and Ukrainian parliamentary election, 2007
Region PR BYuT OU / UO-PSD SPU CPU
2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007
Ukraine 32.1 34.4 22.3 30.7 14.0 14.2 5.7 2.9 3.7 5.4
Autonomous Republic Crimea 58.0 61.0 6.5 6.9 7.6 8.2 1.2 1.9 4.5 7.6
Vinnytsia Oblast 8.2 12.6 33.3 50.0 20.0 18.6 14.7 2.5 3.4 5.0
Volyn Oblast 4.5 6.7 43.9 57.6 20.7 20.0 4.1 1.9 2.2 2.7
Dnepropetrovsk Oblast 45.0 48.2 15.0 20.9 5.3 6.3 3.8 1.4 5.7 7.6
Donetsk Oblast 73.6 72.1 2.5 3.9 1.4 1.6 3.7 8.0 3.1 6.0
Zhytomyr Oblast 18.0 22.4 24.9 37.0 17.5 15.1 8.9 2.5 5.4 5.8
Zakarpattia Oblast 18.7 19.8 20.3 28.9 25.8 31.1 3.6 3.5 1.3 1.8
Zaporizhia Oblast 51.2 55.5 10.9 14.7 5.3 4.7 2.9 2.3 5.3 8.3
Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast 1.9 3.0 30.4 50.7 45.1 36.8 2.3 0.8 0.6 0.8
Kiev Oblast 9.9 13.0 44.5 53.4 11.6 15.1 10.2 2.1 2.3 2.9
Kirovohrad Oblast 20.1 27.0 30.1 37.6 8.7 11.7 9.7 2.8 6.1 6.4
Luhansk Oblast 74.3 73.5 3.7 5.0 2.0 1.7 1.2 1.2 4.4 8.4
Lviv Oblast 3.0 4.2 33.0 50.4 38.0 36.0 2.2 0.6 0.7 1.0
Mykolaiv Oblast 50.3 54.4 11.9 16.6 5.6 5.8 4.3 1.9 5.3 7.2
Odessa Oblast 47.5 52.2 9.9 13.7 6.4 6.5 6.3 7.2 3.2 6.2
Poltava Oblast 20.4 24.8 26.8 37.9 13.2 14.5 12.7 3.8 5.4 6.5
Rivne Oblast 7.2 10.4 31.3 51.0 25.5 20.8 6.5 2.1 1.9 2.4
Sumy Oblast 10.9 15.7 33.3 44.5 19.4 20.7 10.6 2.0 5.4 5.8
Ternopil Oblast 2.0 3.0 34.5 51.6 34.2 35.2 3.7 1.1 0.4 0.7
Kharkiv Oblast 51.7 49.6 12.7 16.4 5.9 8.1 2.8 2.6 4.6 8.3
Kherson Oblast 39.1 43.2 17.4 23.0 9.8 9.0 4.8 2.5 6.8 9.1
Khmelnytskyi Oblast 10.0 14.1 35.6 48.2 18.3 18.4 9.2 1.7 3.1 4.0
Cherkasy Oblast 10.7 15.5 38.3 47.0 12.2 15.3 13.4 4.3 4.4 4.9
Chernihiv Oblast 15.6 20.7 33.9 41.9 10.3 14.9 12.9 2.9 5.5 6.7
Chernivtsi Oblast 12.7 16.8 30.3 46.2 27.0 20.3 4.5 3.8 1.7 2.3
Kiev 11.8 15.0 39.2 46.2 15.8 15.8 5.5 1.6 3.0 4.6
Sevastopol 64.3 64.5 4.5 5.0 2.4 2.3 0.8 2.7 4.8 10.3
Source: Central Election Commission of Ukraine (Ukrainian)
 Major Urban centre results (in %) of the six parliamentary political parties or blocs in Ukrainian parliamentary election, 2006 and Ukrainian parliamentary election, 2007
Major cities PR BYuT OU / UO-PSD SPU CPU
2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007 2006 2007
Ukraine 32.1 34.4 22.3 30.7 14.0 14.2 5.7 2.9 3.7 5.4
Vinnytsia 10.2 13.5 40.5 54.2 17.2 14.3 8.3 2.0 3.2 4.7
Dnipropetrovsk 41.1 43.7 16.3 22.8 6.2 6.8 3.4 1.6 4.2 7.2
Donetsk 72.6 76.0 2.7 4.5 1.8 2.0 1.0 1.3 2.9 6.8
Zhytomyr 21.2 24.5 31.2 40.0 12.9 11.5 6.1 2.1 5.1 5.8
Zaporizhia 44.2 50.6 14.6 19.1 6.6 5.5 2.5 1.4 5.0 8.6
Kirovohrad 18.9 26.8 39.6 42.2 7.5 8.9 5.2 2.2 5.0 5.8
Kryvyi Rih 47.3 48.8 14.2 19.9 5.8 5.8 2.9 0.9 8.3 9.2
Luhansk 70.5 67.8 5.5 7.1 2.0 2.0 0.9 1.1 3.4 8.7
L'viv 6.5 8.4 27.7 43.6 34.4 34.1 3.0 0.9 1.5 2.4
Makiivka 80.6 82.6 1.6 3.1 1.0 1.1 0.5 0.6 1.8 4.8
Mariupol 56.4 42.6 1.9 3.1 1.7 1.6 18.4 42.4 3.5 4.1
Mykolaiv 55.1 59.4 10.2 13.8 4.5 4.4 1.6 1.2 3.5 6.8
Odessa 44.2 52.7 13.0 15.5 6.9 6.3 4.8 3.4 2.5 7.2
Poltava 25.6 26.8 33.1 41.1 11.4 10.5 4.9 1.9 4.4 6.3
Rivne 10.1 12.5 32.2 48.2 19.8 20.6 8.0 1.9 2.7 3.4
Simferopol 56.0 59.0 6.5 6.9 5.2 5.8 0.9 1.1 5.2 9.2
Sumy 6.9 10.8 46.7 55.8 20.9 18.1 4.1 1.2 3.4 3.7
Kharkov 49.5 45.7 14.7 18.9 6.9 8.1 1.7 2.4 3.8 8.6
Chernihiv 23.5 28.5 31.9 36.1 7.5 10.1 8.0 2.8 7.5 7.0
Chernivtsi 15.6 19.8 34.9 45.8 18.7 16.8 3.7 1.6 2.3 3.6
Source: Central Election Commission of Ukraine (Ukrainian)

International observers

3354 international observers were officially registered to monitor the conduct of the election.[21]

Representatives of the Council of Europe, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) and Fair Election organization registered officials with the Central Elections Committee. The OSCE closely worked with Ukrainian officials in the design, administration, and conduct of the election.

Observers declared that elections generally met international standards for democratic elections. However they noted:[22][23][24]

Exit polls

Voting process overview.
Voting ballot.
Election process.
Vote counting.
Party National Exit Poll Sotsiovymir Ukrainian Exit Poll Public Strategies
Party of Regions 35.3 33.9 34.9 34.5
Yulia Tymoshenko Electoral Bloc 31.5 32.5 32.4 30.4
Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc 13.5 14.7 14.1 14.4
Communist Party of Ukraine 5.1 4.4 4.5 5.2
Lytvyn's Bloc 3.8 4.0 3.8 4.0
Socialist Party of Ukraine 2.5 2.4 2.1 -
Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine 1.5 - - -
Other parties and blocs 3.9 - - -
Against all 2.9 2.8 4.3 -

Time Table

Registered parties and blocs

Number in parentheses is the number of candidates included on the party list. Parties or blocs that obtained 3% or more of the vote are in bold.

  • Communist Party of Ukraine (444)
  • Party of Regions (450)
  • Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine (403)
  • Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc (401)
  • All-Ukrainian Union "Freedom" (351)
  • Lytvyn's Bloc (260)
  • Yulia Tymoshenko Bloc (447)
  • Socialist Party of Ukraine (282)
  • All-Ukrainian Party of People's Trust (86)
  • Party of National Economic Development of Ukraine (136)
  • Bloc "All-Ukrainian Community" (103)
  • Electoral bloc of Liudmyla Suprun – Ukrainian Regional Asset (387)
  • Party of Free Democrats (85)
  • Communist Party of Ukraine (renewed) (41)
  • Peasant's Bloc "Agricultural Ukraine" (136)
  • Party of Greens of Ukraine (147)
  • Ukrainian People's Bloc (213)
  • Electoral bloc of political parties "KUCHMA" (168)
  • Bloc of Party of Pensioners of Ukraine (92)
  • Christian's Bloc (225)

Parliamentary factions in parliament after elections

After the election various factions where formed in parliament. It was possible for 15 or more deputies to form a parliamentary faction (a lawmaker could join only one faction; the chairman and his two assistants could not head factions of deputies).[25][26][27][28][29] hence not all parties represented in the Verkhovna Rada had their own faction.[30] Factions are colored raspberry.[30]

Factions created during the convocation

Leaders of factions/groups

Extra-parliamentary parties representation within the Verkhovna Rada

Parliamentary parties that dissolved or merged during the convocation

Faction changes after 2007 election

Numerous MPs were removed from their original faction after the 2007 election;[30][48] several left their (original) faction to join another faction in October 2010.[49] From 2006 till October 2010 this was not allowed because of the (so-called) "imperative mandate".[25]

In November 2010 the Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko faction was officially renamed “Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko-Batkivschyna”.[50] and the Bloc of Lytvyn faction was renamed People's Party faction.[51] On February 16, 2011 a new parliamentary faction "Reforms for the Future" was created.[52][53] The parliament elected in the following election on 28 October 2012 was appointed and started its tasks six weeks after the elections on 12 December 2012.[54][55] The parliament elected in 2007 convened on 6 December 2012 for the last time.[54]

 Fraction changes after the Ukrainian parliamentary election, 2007
Parties and alliances Seats on September 30, 2007[56] Seats on December 31, 2010[30] Seats on December 31, 2011[30] Seats in March 2012[30] Seats in September 2012[30] Seats in November 2012[30][57] Total loss/gain   
Party of Regions 175 180 192 192 195 195 20 seats
Bloc Yulia Tymoshenko 156 113 102 100 98 97 59 seats
Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc 72 71 65 65 63 63 9 seats
Communist Party of Ukraine 27 25 25 25 25 25 2 seats
Lytvyn Bloc 20 20 20 20 20 20
Reforms for the Future Did not exist[52] Did not exist[52] 20 19 19 19 19 seats
Parliamentarians not members of faction 0 41 26 29 30 31 31 seats

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Ukraine leaders agree on poll date". Secretariat of President of Ukraine. 2007-05-27.
  2. ↑ "Ukraine leaders sign joint statement". 2007-05-27.
  3. ↑ Against All Odds: Aiding Political Parties in Georgia and Ukraine (UvA Proefschriften) by Max Bader, Vossiuspers UvA, 2010, ISBN 90-5629-631-0 (page 93)
  4. ↑ Laws of Ukraine. Law No. 1665-IV: On elections of People's deputies of Ukraine. Adopted on 2004-03-25. (Ukrainian). Article 96.
  5. 1 2 "Orange bloc edges to poll victory". BBC News. 2007-10-03. Retrieved 2007-10-03.
  6. ↑ "President dissolves parliament". Press office of President Victor Yushchenko. 2007-04-02.
  7. ↑ "Tragedy and farce". The Economist. 2007-04-04.
  8. ↑ PACE (2007-04-19). "Functioning of democratic institutions in Ukraine". PACE.
  9. ↑ "Constitutional Court Judge Havrysh Doubts Constitutional Court Will Consider Petition On Constitutionality Of September 30 Rada Elections". Ukrainian News agency. 2007-07-24.
  10. ↑ "Lavrynovych: Early elections should have been already recognized invalid today". Inter-Media, ForUm. 2007-08-03.
  11. ↑ "Stanik Back Into the CC". Retrieved 2006-07-20.
  12. 1 2 "Yushchenko dismissed CCU judges". for-ua. Archived from the original on September 29, 2007. Retrieved 2006-05-17.
  13. ↑ "Stanik and Pshenychnyy returned to CC". Korrespondent. 2007-05-17.
  14. ↑ "Supreme Court Restores Stanik As Constitutional Court Judge". Ukrainian News agency. 2008-03-27.
  15. ↑ "Ukraine leaders sign joint statement". ForUm. 2007-05-29.
  16. ↑ "First CVK result" (in Ukrainian). Pravda. 2007-10-01. Retrieved 2007-10-01.
  17. ↑ "Regulation №307" (in Ukrainian). Central Election Commission of Ukraine. 2007-09-04.
  18. ↑ Bondaruk, Halyna (2007-10-04). "Moroz Recognizes Defeat and Stands for Tymoshenko's Premiership". Ukrayinska Pravda.
  19. ↑ "Parliament named Tymoshenko as the Prime Minister of Ukraine". Korrespondent (in Russian). December 18, 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-18.
  20. ↑ "International observers". Central Election Commission of Ukraine. 2007-10-17.
  21. ↑ "Ukraine's Pre-Term Parliamentary Elections and Demonstrable Commitment to Democratic Standards focus of Commission Initiatives". Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe. 2007-12-06.
  22. ↑ "OSCE/ODIHR Election Observation Mission Report" (PDF). Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. 2007-12-20.
  23. ↑ "Final report on 2007 parliamentary elections in Ukraine" (PDF). European Network of Election Monitoring Organizations.
  24. 1 2 Rada Approves Cancellation Of Rule That Bans Deputies From Switching Factions, FINANCIAL (October 8, 2010)
  25. ↑ Update: Return to 1996 Constitution strengthens president, raises legal questions, Kyiv Post (October 1, 2010)
  26. ↑ Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe: The functioning of democratic institutions in Ukraine, Kyiv Post (October 5, 2010)
  27. ↑ Laws of Ukraine. Verkhovna Rada decree No. 2222-IV: About the amendments to the Constitution of Ukraine. Adopted on December 8, 2004. (Ukrainian)
  28. ↑ Rada amends regulations of its activities, Kyiv Post (October 8, 2010)
  29. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 (Ukrainian) Депутатські фракції, Verkhovna Rada
  30. ↑ (Ukrainian) Фракція БЮТ змінила свою назву, STB (November 16, 2010)
  31. ↑ "Informational site "RAZOM"". People's Union "Our Ukraine". Retrieved 2007-10-02.
  32. ↑ "Party "Forward, Ukraine!"". Forward, Ukraine!. Retrieved 2007-10-02.
  33. ↑ "Homepage". People's Movement of Ukraine. Retrieved 2007-10-02.
  34. ↑ "Ukrainian People's Party". Ukrainian People's Party. Retrieved 2007-10-02.
  35. ↑ "Ukrainian Republican Party Assembly". Ukrainian Republican Party Assembly. Retrieved 2007-10-02.
  36. ↑ ПОРА – громадянська партія ПОРА. "Official website Civic party "PORA"". Pora.org.ua. Retrieved November 13, 2011.
  37. ↑ Bloc of Lytvyn faction renamed, Kyiv Post (November 19, 2010)
  38. ↑ BYT-Batkivschyna replaces its leader, Kyiv Post (7 December 2011)
  39. ↑ Tymoshenko aware of change in leadership of BYT-Batkivschyna faction, Kyiv Post (7 December 2011)
  40. ↑ Hrach claims he has evidence of corruption in Communist Party leadership, Kyiv Post (April 20, 2012)
  41. ↑ (Ukrainian) Радикальна партія Олега Ляшка, RBK Ukraine
  42. ↑ (Ukrainian) Олег Ляшко офіційно перейменував свою партію, 24 News (14 December 2011)
  43. ↑ Yulia Tymoshenko bloc expels two deputies from parliament faction, Kyiv Post (19 October 2010)
    (Russian) Ляшко Олег Валерьевич, Информационно-аналитический центр "ЛІГА"
  44. ↑ Korolevska everywhere, but is she going anywhere?, Kyiv Post (March 30, 2012)
  45. ↑ (Ukrainian) Тігіпко створив свій виборчий блок, Gazeta.ua (February 22, 2010)
  46. ↑ Tigipko hooks up with Party of Regions, Kyiv Post (March 20, 2012)
    Strong Ukraine party decides on disbanding to join Regions Party, Kyiv Post (March 17, 2012)
  47. ↑ BYuT-Batkivschyna parliament faction expels 28 members, Kyiv Post (September 21, 2010)
  48. ↑ Seven individual MPs join Regions Party faction, Our Ukraine MP joins Lytvyn Bloc
  49. ↑ (Ukrainian) Фракція БЮТ змінила свою назву, STB (November 16, 2010)
  50. ↑ Bloc of Lytvyn faction renamed, Kyiv Post (November 19, 2010)
  51. 1 2 3 Individual deputies create Reforms for the Sake of Future group in parliament, Kyiv Post (February 16, 2011)
  52. ↑ Група "Реформи заради майбутнього" у Верховній Раді України
  53. 1 2 Parliament of sixth convocation ends its work, Kyiv Post (6 December 2012)
  54. ↑ You Scratch My Back, and I’ll Scratch Yours, The Ukrainian Week (26 September 2012)
  55. ↑ Central Election Commission of Ukraine
  56. ↑ (Ukrainian) Пам'ятні моменти Верховної Ради VI скликання Memorable moments of the Verkhovna Rada of VI convocation, RBC Ukraine (28 October 2012)
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