Anne of Bohemia and Hungary

For other Annas of Bohemia, see Anne of Bohemia (disambiguation). For other Annas of Hungary, see Anna of Hungary (disambiguation). For other Annas Jagiellon, see Anna Jagiellon (disambiguation).
Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
Queen consort of the Romans, Bohemia and Hungary
Tenure 1531–1547
Born 23 July 1503
Buda, Hungary
Died 27 January 1547(1547-01-27) (aged 43)
Prague, Bohemia
Spouse Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor
Issue Elisabeth, Queen of Poland
Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor
Anna, Duchess of Bavaria
Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria
Maria, Duchess of Jülich-Cleves-Berg
Catherine, Queen of Poland
Eleonora, Duchess of Mantua
Barbara, Duchess of Ferrara
Charles II, Archduke of Austria
Joanna, Grand Duchess of Tuscany
Dynasty Jagiellon
Father Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary
Mother Anne de Foix

Anna of Bohemia and Hungary (Buda, Hungary, 23 July 1503 – Prague, Bohemia, 27 January 1547), sometimes known as Anna Jagellonica, Queen of the Romans (Germany), Bohemia and Hungary as the wife of King Ferdinand I, later Holy Roman Emperor.[1]

Family

She was the elder child and only daughter of King Vladislaus II of Bohemia and Hungary (1456–1516) and his third wife Anne of Foix-Candale. She was an older sister of Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia. Her paternal grandparents were King Casimir IV of Poland, Grand Duke of Lithuania, of the Jagiellon dynasty, and Elisabeth of Austria, one of the heiresses of Bohemia, duchy of Luxembourg and duchy of Kujavia. Her maternal grandparents were Gaston de Foix, Count of Candale and Catherine de Foix, Infanta of the Kingdom of Navarre.

Life

She was born in Buda (now Budapest). The death of Vladislaus II on 13 March 1516 left both siblings in the care of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor. It was arranged that Anna marry his grandson, Archduke Ferdinand of Austria, second son of Queen regnant Joanna of Castile and her late husband and co-ruler, Philip I of Castile. Anna married Ferdinand on 26 May 1521 in Linz, Austria. At the time Ferdinand was governing the Habsburg hereditary lands on behalf of his older brother Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor. It was stipulated that Ferdinand should succeed Anne's brother in case he died without male heirs.

Her brother Louis was killed in the Battle of Mohács against Suleiman the Magnificent of the Ottoman Empire on 29 August 1526. This left the thrones of both Bohemia and Hungary vacant. Ferdinand claimed both kingdoms and was elected King of Bohemia on 24 October of the same year, making Anna Queen of Bohemia.

Hungary was a more difficult case. Suleiman had annexed much of its lands. Ferdinand was proclaimed King of Hungary by a group of nobles, but another faction of Hungarian nobles refused to allow a foreign ruler to hold that title and elected John Zápolya as an alternative king. The resulting conflict between the two rivals and their successors lasted until 1571. In 1531, Ferdinand's older brother Charles V recognised Ferdinand as his successor as Holy Roman Emperor, and Ferdinand was elevated to the title King of the Romans.

Anna and Ferdinand had fifteen children, all of whom were born in Bohemia or Hungary. Both of these kingdoms had suffered for centuries from premature deaths among heirs and a shortage of succession prospects. Meanwhile, Anna served as queen consort of Bohemia and as one of three living queens of Hungary until her death. She died in Prague, days after giving birth to her last daughter Joanna. In 1556, Charles V abdicated and Ferdinand succeeded as emperor, nine years after Anna's death. She is a matrilineal ancestor of Queen Victoria.

Children

Name Birth Death Notes
Elisabeth 9 July 1526 15 June 1545 Married the future King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland; no issue.
Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor 31 July 1527 12 October 1576 Married his first cousin Maria of Spain; had issue.
Anna 7 July 1528 16 October/17 October 1590 Married Albert V, Duke of Bavaria; had issue.
Ferdinand II, Archduke of Austria 14 June 1529 24 January 1595 Married Philippine Welser; had issue. Married his niece Anne Juliana Gonzaga; had issue.
Maria 15 May 1531 11 December 1581 Married Wilhelm, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg; had issue.
Magdalena 14 August 1532 10 September 1590 A nun.
Catherine 15 September 1533 28 February 1572 Married King Sigismund II Augustus of Poland; no issue.
Eleanor 2 November 1534 5 August 1594 Married William I, Duke of Mantua; had issue.
Margaret of Austria 16 February 1536 12 March 1567 A nun.
John 10 April 1538 20 March 1539 Died in childhood.
Barbara 30 April 1539 19 September 1572 Married Alfonso II d'Este; no issue.
Charles II, Archduke of Austria 3 June 1540 10 July 1590 Married his niece Maria Anna of Bavaria; had issue (including Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor).
Ursula 24 July 1541 30 April 1543 Died in childhood
Helena 7 January 1543 5 March 1574 A nun.
Joanna 24 January 1547 10 April 1578 Married Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany; had issue.

Ancestors

External links

Media related to Anna of Bohemia and Hungary at Wikimedia Commons

References

  1. ↑ http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/204416/Ferdinand-I
Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
Born: 23 July 1503 Died: 27 January 1547
Royal titles
Preceded by
Isabella of Portugal		 Queen consort of the Romans
1531–1547 		Succeeded by
Mary of Spain
Preceded by
Mary of Austria		 Queen consort of Bohemia and Hungary
1526–1547
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