François-Marie, marquis de Barthélemy

Marquess François Barthélemy
Peer of France
In office 6 April 1814 – 3 April 1830
Monarch	Louis XVIII Charles X
Member of Conservative Senate
In office 27 December 1799 – 14 April 1814
Monarch	Napoleon I
Member of the French Directory
In office 26 May 1797 – 5 September 1797
President	Paul Barras
Preceded by	Étienne-François Letourneur
Succeeded by	François de Neufchâteau
Ambassador to Switzerland
In office 3 September 1791 – 2 November 1795
Personal details
Born	20 October 1747 Aubagne, France
Died	3 April 1830 (aged 82) Paris, France
Nationality	French
Political party	Independent (1791–1795) Clichyen (1795–1797)
Profession	Diplomat
Religion	Roman Catholicism

François-Marie, Marquess of Barthélemy (20 October 1747, Aubagne – 3 April 1830 Paris) was a French politician and diplomat, active at the time of the French Revolution.

Biography

Diplomat and member of the Directory

Born in Aubagne, he was educated by his uncle the abbé Jean-Jacques Barthélemy for a diplomatic career. After serving as secretary of legation in Sweden, in Switzerland and in the Kingdom of Great Britain, he was appointed Minister Plenipotentiary in Switzerland, in which capacity he negotiated the treaties of Basel with Prussia and Spain (1795).^[1]

Elected a member of the Directory in May 1797, through Royalist influence, he was arrested after General Augereau's anti-Royalist coup d'état of the 18 Fructidor (17 September 1797), and deported to French Guiana, but escaped and made his way to Suriname, then to the United States, and finally to Britain.^[1]

Empire

Barthélemy returned to France after Napoleon Bonaparte's 18 Brumaire coup, entered the Senate in February 1800 and contributed to the establishment of the Consulship for life and the First French Empire.^[1]

In 1814 he abandoned Napoleon, voted the Acte de déchéance de l'Empereur and took part in the drawing up of King Louis XVIII's Constitutional Charter and was named Peer of France. During the Hundred Days he lived in concealment, and after the Second Restoration obtained the title marquis, and in 1819 introduced a motion in the chamber of Peers tending to render the electoral law more aristocratic.^[1]

References

1.  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Barthélemy, François, Marquis de". Encyclopædia Britannica. 3 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 448. This, in turn, cites as references:
   • Marquis de Barthélemy, Papiers, published by Jean Kaulek, 4 vols. (Paris, 1886–1888)
   • Albert Sorel, L'Europe et la Révolution française, iv. (Paris, 1892)
   • Ludovic Sciout, Le Directoire (Paris, 1895)