GOST 10859

In 1964 the GOST standards body of the Soviet Union defined the standard for encoding data. This standard allowed a variable character size, depending on the type of data being encoded.

GOST 10859 only allowed uppercase characters. Subsequent Soviet standards included lowercase:

  1. GOST 19768/74
  2. GOST 19768/87
  3. GOST 13052

These include the non-ASCII "⏨" (Decimal Exponent Symbol U+23E8). It was used to express real numbers in scientific notation. For example: 6.0221415⏨23.

The "⏨" character was also part of the ALGOL programming language specifications and was incorporated into the then German character encoding standard ALCOR. GOST 10859 also included numerous other non-ASCII characters/symbols useful to ALGOL programmers, e.g.: ∨, ∧, ⊃, ≡, ¬, ≠, ↑, ↓, ×, ÷, ≤, ≥, ° & ∅. c.f. ALGOL operators.

The "␡" character served the same function as the "␡" in 7-bit ASCII.

4-bit code: Binary-coded decimal

_0 _1 _2 _3 _4 _5 _6 _7 _8 _9 _A _B _C _D _E _F
 
0_
 
0
00
0
1
01
1
2
02
2
3
03
3
4
04
4
5
05
5
6
06
6
7
07
7
8
10
8
9
11
9
+
12
10

13
11
/
14
12
,
15
13
.
16
14
DEL
17
15

5-bit code: with BCD & mathematical operators

_0 _1 _2 _3 _4 _5 _6 _7 _8 _9 _A _B _C _D _E _F
 
0_
 
0
00
0
1
01
1
2
02
2
3
03
3
4
04
4
5
05
5
6
06
6
7
07
7
8
10
8
9
11
9
+
12
10

13
11
/
14
12
,
15
13
.
16
14
SP
17
15
 
1_
 

20
16

21
17
(
22
18
)
23
19
×
24
20
=
25
21
;
26
22
[
27
23
]
30
24
*
31
25

32
26

33
27

34
28
<
35
29
>
36
30
DEL
37
31

6-bit code: with only Cyrillic upper-case letters

_0 _1 _2 _3 _4 _5 _6 _7 _8 _9 _A _B _C _D _E _F
 
0_
 
0
00
0
1
01
1
2
02
2
3
03
3
4
04
4
5
05
5
6
06
6
7
07
7
8
10
8
9
11
9
+
12
10
-
13
11
/
14
12
,
15
13
.
16
14
SP
17
15
 
1_
 

20
16

21
17
(
22
18
)
23
19
×
24
20
=
25
21
;
26
22
[
27
23
]
30
24
*
31
25

32
26

33
27

34
28
<
35
29
>
36
30
:
37
31
 
2_
 
А
40
32
Б
41
33
В
42
34
Г
43
35
Д
44
36
Е
45
37
Ж
46
38
З
47
39
И
50
40
Й
51
41
К
52
42
Л
53
43
М
54
44
Н
55
45
О
56
46
П
57
47
 
3_
 
Р
60
48
С
61
49
Т
62
50
У
63
51
Ф
64
52
Х
65
53
Ц
66
54
Ч
67
55
Ш
70
56
Щ
71
57
Ы
72
58
Ь
73
59
Э
74
60
Ю
75
61
Я
76
62
DEL
77
63

7-bit code: Cyrillic & Latin upper-case letters

Cyrillic and Latin letters with identical (A, B, C, E, H, K, M, O, P, T, X) and similar (Y/У) glyphs were unified.

_0 _1 _2 _3 _4 _5 _6 _7 _8 _9 _A _B _C _D _E _F
 
0_
 
0
000
0
1
001
1
2
002
2
3
003
3
4
004
4
5
005
5
6
006
6
7
007
7
8
010
8
9
011
9
+
012
10
-
013
11
/
014
12
,
015
13
.
016
14
SP
017
15
 
1_
 

020
16

021
17
(
022
18
)
023
19
×
024
20
=
025
21
;
026
22
[
027
23
]
030
24
*
031
25

032
26

033
27

034
28
<
035
29
>
036
30
:
037
31
 
2_
 
А
040
32
Б
041
33
В
042
34
Г
043
35
Д
044
36
Е
045
37
Ж
046
38
З
047
39
И
050
40
Й
051
41
К
052
42
Л
053
43
М
054
44
Н
055
45
О
056
46
П
057
47
 
3_
 
Р
060
48
С
061
49
Т
062
50
У
063
51
Ф
064
52
Х
065
53
Ц
066
54
Ч
067
55
Ш
070
56
Щ
071
57
Ы
072
58
Ь
073
59
Э
074
60
Ю
075
61
Я
076
62
D
077
63
 
4_
 
F
100
64
G
101
65
I
102
66
J
103
67
L
104
68
N
105
69
Q
106
70
R
107
71
S
110
72
U
111
73
V
112
74
W
113
75
Z
114
76

115
77

116
78

117
79
 
5_
 

120
80

121
81

122
82
¬
123
83
÷
124
84

125
85
%
126
86

127
87
|
130
88

131
89
_
132
90
!
133
91
"
134
92
Ъ
135
93
°
136
94
'
137
95
 
6_
 

140
96

141
97
?
142
98

143
99

144
100
±
145
101

146
102
 
7_
 
DEL
177
127

6-bit code: with only Latin upper-case letters

_0 _1 _2 _3 _4 _5 _6 _7 _8 _9 _A _B _C _D _E _F
 
0_
 
0
00
0
1
01
1
2
02
2
3
03
3
4
04
4
5
05
5
6
06
6
7
07
7
8
10
8
9
11
9
+
12
10
-
13
11
/
14
12
,
15
13
.
16
14
SP
17
15
 
1_
 

20
16

21
17
(
22
18
)
23
19
×
24
20
=
25
21
;
26
22
[
27
23
]
30
24
*
31
25

32
26

33
27

34
28
<
35
29
>
36
30
:
37
31
 
2_
 
A
40
32
B
41
33
C
42
34
D
43
35
E
44
36
F
45
37
G
46
38
H
47
39
I
50
40
J
51
41
K
52
42
L
53
43
M
54
44
N
55
45
O
56
46
P
57
47
 
3_
 
Q
60
48
R
61
49
S
62
50
T
63
51
U
64
52
V
65
53
W
66
54
X
67
55
Y
70
56
Z
71
57

72
58

73
59

74
60
¬
75
61
÷
76
62
DEL
77
63

References

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