Haymarket (MBTA station)

HAYMARKET HAYMARKET
Green Line inbound platform
Location	Congress Avenue at New Sudbury Street, Boston, Massachusetts
Coordinates	42°21′48″N 71°03′30″W / 42.3633°N 71.0582°WCoordinates: 42°21′48″N 71°03′30″W / 42.3633°N 71.0582°W
Owned by	Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority
Line(s)	Green Line "C", "D"(off peak hours only) and "E" branch   Orange Line
Platforms	2 side platforms (Orange Line) 1 island platform (Green Line)
Tracks	4 (2 for each line)
Construction
Parking	No MBTA parking; private garage available
Disabled access	Yes
History
Opened	September 3, 1898 (original station for Green Line) November 30, 1908 (Orange Line)
Rebuilt	May 10, 1971 (current station for Green Line); 2000[1]
Previous names	Friend and Union (Orange Line)
Traffic
Passengers (2013 daily)	11,469[2]
Services
Preceding station   MBTA   Following station Government Center toward Cleveland Circle Green Line "C" Branch North Station Terminus Government Center toward Heath Street Green Line "E" Branch North Station toward Lechmere State toward Forest Hills Orange Line North Station toward Oak Grove   Former services   Boston Elevated Railway Scollay Square toward Dudley Main Line Elevated 1901-1908 North Station toward Sullivan Square Adams Square One-way operation
Location

Haymarket is an MBTA subway station serving the Green and Orange lines, located at the corner of Congress and New Sudbury streets in downtown Boston, Massachusetts. Haymarket allows transfers between the Orange and Green lines, as does North Station one stop to the north. Haymarket was named for Haymarket Square, which has served as a produce market since around 1830.

Unusually, the two subway lines that converge at Haymarket are not stacked vertically underground, but instead are parallel at approximately the same level. The Orange Line access consists of two side platforms to serve the line's two tracks, while the Green Line is served by a single island platform which is divided mostly in half by a wall. Passenger transfers between lines require changing levels via stairs or elevator, so it may be preferable to transfer at more-spacious North Station, which also allows convenient cross-platform transfers for inbound trips.

The station is fully wheelchair accessible.^[1]

History

Schematic of the 1898 Tremont Street Subway station at Haymarket Square, initially served only by what was later to become the MBTA Green Line

Inbound platform in 1898, looking outbound towards Canal Street Incline; today's Green Line platforms are immediately south (inbound) of this location.

Haymarket headhouse in a 1909 postcard

Tremont Street Subway

The Tremont Street Subway (future Green Line), including Haymarket, was built starting in 1894 and opened on September 3, 1898. The original trolley station was much more spacious than the current station, and consisted of four tracks with a pair of island platforms. The inner pair of tracks served cars from the northern suburbs which turned at Brattle Loop at Scollay Square (now Government Center) station, while the outer tracks served streetcars that ran through the entire Tremont Street Subway to the Public Gardens Portal and Pleasant Street Portal. All cars entered the subway through the Canal Street Incline just north of Haymarket.

Main Line Elevated

On June 10, 1901, the Boston Elevated Railway's Main Line (future Orange Line) was opened from Sullivan Square to Dudley Square. The Tremont Street Subway was retrofitted to allow operation of the Main Line elevated cars. Main Line trains from the Charlestown Elevated entered the tunnel through the outer tracks of the Canal Street Portal and exited through the Pleasant Street Portal to the Washington Street Elevated.^[3] Elevated cars ran on the outer tracks at Haymarket, served by temporary high platforms; streetcars continued to use the inner tracks, which connected to a turnback loop at Adams Square station.

On November 30, 1908, a new Washington Street Tunnel opened for use by Main Line trains, and the whole Tremont Street Subway was returned to streetcar use. The Washington Street Tunnel ran separately from the Tremont Street Subway; however, because both tunnels used the newly expanded Canal Street Incline, the Main Line platforms at Haymarket Square were immediately adjacent to the Tremont Street Subway. Like the other Washington Street Tunnel stations, the two Main Line platforms were named after nearby streets. The northbound platform was Union and the southbound platform Friend - collectively called, Union-Friend.^[3]

The track configuration at Haymarket after 1908 was similar to the original 1898 setup - the outer tracks served streetcars running though the subway, while the center tracks served cars turning at Adams Square Loop and Brattle Loop at Scollay Square. The last (route #93) streetcars to use the inner tracks ran on July 2, 1949, although a North Station to Scollay Square shuttle ran until September 1952.^[3] After that, only emergency and special service cars used the inner tracks.

MBTA era

On October 28, 1963, the tunnel between Haymarket and the newly renamed Government Center station was realigned, and Adams Square station was closed. The outer tracks at Haymarket now connected directly to the through tracks at Government Center, while the center tracks connected to Brattle Loop. On January 26, 1967, Union and Friend platforms were officially renamed Haymarket.^[3]

On May 10, 1971, the MBTA opened a new, much narrower Green Line platform at Haymarket, located south (inbound) of the 1898 station. The new island platform occupies the space of the former center tracks, which were reconnected to the through tracks just south of the new platform.^[3] The original 1898 platforms are still visible in the tunnel from Green Line cars traveling just north of the new platforms. The empty space is now used for electrical equipment and occasional storage.

The Haymarket North Extension opened on April 7, 1975, replacing the Charlestown Elevated. North of Haymarket, the Orange Line tracks were redirected from the Canal Street Incline into a new tunnel to North Station, and then under the Charles River.^[3] In June 2004, the Green Line was similarly rerouted, with the Canal Street Incline closing entirely in favor of a tunnel to a newly-rebuilt "superstation" at North Station.^[3] That spacious new facility allows convenient cross-platform transfers between the inbound Green and Orange Lines, as well as full outbound connections, lessening the importance of Haymarket as a rail transfer station. However, Haymarket station remains a major bus transfer station, served by many routes.

Haymarket station was made fully wheelchair accessible by a 2000 renovation that added elevators to all levels of the station.^[1]

Bus connections

MBTA bus in the Haymarket busway

Haymarket is a major bus transfer station and features a two-lane busway off Surface Road. Services from Haymarket include several local routes to Charlestown, Chelsea, and Medford, as well as express buses to the North Shore.

• 4 North Station - World Trade Center via Federal Courthouse & South Station
• 92 Assembly Square Mall - Downtown via Sullivan Square Station, Main Street & Haymarket Station
• 93 Sullivan Square Station - Downtown via Bunker Hill Street & Haymarket Station
• 111 Woodlawn or Broadway & Park Avenue - Haymarket Station via Mystic River/Tobin Bridge
• 325 Elm Street, Medford - Haymarket Station via Fellsway West, Salem Street & I-93
• 326 West Medford - Haymarket Station via Playstead Rd., High…
• 352 Burlington Express - Boston via Route 128 & I-93
• 354 Woburn Express - Boston via Woburn Square & I-93
• 424 Eastern Avenue & Essex Street - Haymarket Station or Wonderland Station
• 426 Central Square, Lynn - Haymarket Station via Cliftondale
• 428 Oaklandvale - Haymarket Station via Granada Highlands
• 434 Peabody Square - Haymarket Station via Goodwin Circle and Western Avenue
• 450 Eastern Avenue & Essex Street - Haymarket Station or Wonderland Station

Haymarket is also the terminus for four bus routes each with a single early-morning run. These routes were created in September 1960 for fare collectors, but in September 1999 they were added to public timetables as well.^[3]

• 191 Mattapan - Haymarket via Ashmont, Fields Corner and Dudley Station
• 192 Cleary Square - Haymarket via Forest Hills and Copley Square
• 193 Watertown Yard - Haymarket via Kenmore Station
• 194 Clarendon Hill - Haymarket via Sullivan Square Station

Station layout

Inbound Orange Line train at Haymarket

Ground	Street Level	Exit/Entrance
Mezzanine	-	Crossover between platforms, fare control, to exits/entrances
Platforms	Westbound	← Green Line toward Cleveland Circle or Heath (Government Center)
	Island platform, doors will open on the left
	Island platform, doors will open on the left
	Eastbound	→ Green Line toward Lechmere or North Station (North Station) →
	Side platform, doors will open on the right
	Southbound	← Orange Line toward Forest Hills (State)
	Northbound	→ Orange Line toward Oak Grove (North Station) →
	Side platform, doors will open on the right

References

1. Tran Systems and Planners Collaborative (24 August 2007). "Evaluation of MBTA Paratransit and Accessible Fixed Route Transit Services: Final Report" (PDF). Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. Retrieved 8 June 2012.
2. "Ridership and Service Statistics" (PDF) (14 ed.). Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. 2014. Retrieved 1 October 2014.
3. Belcher, Jonathan (23 April 2012). "Changes to Transit Service in the MBTA district" (PDF). NETransit. Retrieved 12 June 2012.

External links

• MBTA - Haymarket
• Surface Road entrance and busway on Google Maps Street View
• Congress Street entrance on Google Maps Street View