Kashin (town)

For other uses, see Kashin.
Kashin (English)
Кашин (Russian)
-  Town[1]  -

View of Kashin

Location of Tver Oblast in Russia
Kashin
Location of Kashin in Tver Oblast
Coordinates: 57°21′N 37°37′E / 57.350°N 37.617°E / 57.350; 37.617Coordinates: 57°21′N 37°37′E / 57.350°N 37.617°E / 57.350; 37.617
Coat of arms
Flag
Administrative status (as of December 2012)
Country Russia
Federal subject Tver Oblast[1]
Administrative district Kashinsky District[2]
Urban settlement Kashin[2]
Administrative center of Kashinsky District,[3] Kashin Urban Settlement[2]
Municipal status (as of April 2009)
Municipal district Kashinsky Municipal District[4]
Urban settlement Kashin Urban Settlement[4]
Administrative center of Kashinsky Municipal District,[5] Kashin Urban Settlement[4]
Statistics
Population (2010 Census) 16,171 inhabitants[6]
Time zone MSK (UTC+03:00)[7]
First mentioned 1238
Postal code(s)[8] 171640–171642, 171645, 171649
Kashin on Wikimedia Commons

Kashin (Russian: Ка́шин) is a town and the administrative center of Kashinsky District in Tver Oblast, Russia, located around a rural agricultural area on the Kashinka River (Volga's tributary). Population: 16,171 (2010 Census);[6] 17,299 (2002 Census);[9] 21,186 (1989 Census);[10] 18,000 (1970).

History

Kashin was first mentioned in a chronicle under the year of 1238, when it was sacked during the Mongol invasion. It was given by Grand Duke Mikhail Yaroslavich as an appanage to his son Vasily, who founded a short-lived dynasty of local princes. Mikhail Yaroslavich's wife Anna took the veil in Kashin's nunnery, died there on October 2, 1368, and was glorified by the Russian Orthodox Church in 1650 as a holy patroness of all women who suffer the loss of relatives. Her relics are preserved in the Ascension Cathedral of Kashin.

In 1382, Kashin was annexed by Principality of Tver. From 1399 to 1426, it was held by a second dynasty of Kashin princes, who claimed their seniority in the House of Tver. In 1452, Kashin withstood a siege by Dmitry Shemyaka. It finally passed to the Grand Duchy of Moscow in 1486 with the rest of the Principality of Tver.

Kashin in 1894

In 1708, the town became a part of Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as St. Petersburg Governorate), but in 1727 it was transferred to Moscow Governorate. In 1775, Tver Viceroyalty was formed from the lands which previously belonged to Moscow and Novgorod Governorates, and Kashinsky Uyezd with the seat in Kashin was established. In 1796, Tver Viceroyalty was transformed into Tver Governorate. On October 3, 1927, Kashinsky Uyezd was abolished and split between Bezhetsky and Kimrsky Uyezds.[11] On July 12, 1929, Kashinsky District, with the administrative center in the Kashin, was established within Bezhetsk Okrug of Moscow Oblast.[11] On July 23, 1930, the okrugs were abolished and the districts were directly subordinated to the oblast.[12] On January 29, 1935, Kalinin Oblast was established and Kashin was transferred to it.[11] In 1990, Kalinin Oblast was renamed Tver Oblast.[13]

Administrative and municipal status

Within the framework of administrative divisions, Kashin serves as the administrative center of Kashinsky District.[3] As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Kashinsky District as Kashin Urban Settlement.[2] As a municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban settlement status and is a part of Kashinsky Municipal District.[4]

Climate

The mean temperature in Kashin is −11 °C (12 °F) in January and +18 °C (64 °F) in July.

Economy

The town is an important part of the oblast's economy. It is home to Veresk, one of the largest alcoholic drink producing companies in the region. Another major business is the mineral water company ERA, which produces the Kashinskaya brand of mineral water. There are also an electric equipment company, a wool factory, and a milk and meat-processing company.

Several times a week, a market is organized in the main square of the town where residents can sell various items. Also, fruit and vegetables from nearby rural farms are sold.

Transportation

Buses provide public transportation within the town and commute to nearby destinations. Also, a train passes through Kashin twice a day. The morning train travels from Sonkovo to Savyolovo, while the afternoon train travels in the opposite direction. Several times a week, a train from St. Petersburg stops in Kashin.

Architecture

There are several architectural monuments in Kashin, including monasteries, churches, and cathedrals. The most ancient of these, a wooden chapel from 1646, was burned to the ground in 1998.

The town contains thirty-six cultural heritage monuments of federal significance, including the ensemble of the Presentation Monastery and a number of churches built in the 18th and the 19th centuries.[14]

The Resurrection Cathedral in Kashin

Culture

The Museum of Local Lore is located in Kashin.[15] Also, in the village of Verkhnyaya Troitsa, situated 30 kilometers (19 mi) from Kashin, the house of Mikhail Kalinin, a Soviet statesman, is located.[16]

Recreation

There is a resort area near Kashin where many oblast residents spend their vacation near the Kashinka River. Kashin itself is known as a balneological resort. On holidays and special dates, the town hosts large festivals which involve dancing, food, and various performances.

References

Notes

  1. 1 2 Law #34-ZO
  2. 1 2 3 4 Law #34-ZO stipulates that the borders of the settlements (administrative-territorial divisions) are identical to the borders of the urban and rural settlements (municipal divisions), and that the borders of the administrative districts are identical to the borders of the municipal districts. Law #28-ZO, which describes the borders and the composition of the municipal formations in Kashinsky Municipal District, lists the town of Kashin as a part and the administrative center of Kashin Urban Settlement of that district.
  3. 1 2 Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 28 224», в ред. изменения №259/2014 от 12 декабря 2014 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division . Code 28 224, as amended by the Amendment #259/2014 of December 12, 2014. ).
  4. 1 2 3 4 Law #28-ZO
  5. ↑ Law #4-ZO
  6. 1 2 Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). "Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1" [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
  7. ↑ Правительство Российской Федерации. Федеральный закон №107-ФЗ от 3 июня 2011 г. «Об исчислении времени», в ред. Федерального закона №271-ФЗ от 03 июля 2016 г. «О внесении изменений в Федеральный закон "Об исчислении времени"». Вступил в силу по истечении шестидесяти дней после дня официального опубликования (6 августа 2011 г.). Опубликован: "Российская газета", №120, 6 июня 2011 г. (Government of the Russian Federation. Federal Law #107-FZ of June 31, 2011 On Calculating Time, as amended by the Federal Law #271-FZ of July 03, 2016 On Amending Federal Law "On Calculating Time". Effective as of after sixty days following the day of the official publication.).
  8. ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (Russian)
  9. ↑ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек" [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  10. ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров" [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. Retrieved August 9, 2014.
  11. 1 2 3 Справка об изменениях в административно-территориальном делении Тверской губернии - Калининской области (in Russian). Архивы России. Archived from the original on April 19, 2012. Retrieved August 21, 2014.
  12. ↑ Snytko et al., p. 87
  13. ↑ Decree of July 17, 1990
  14. ↑ Памятники истории и культуры народов Российской Федерации (in Russian). Russian Ministry of Culture. Retrieved 2 June 2016.
  15. ↑ Кашинский краеведческий музей (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved April 18, 2014.
  16. ↑ Мемориальный дом-музей М.И. Калинина (in Russian). Российская сеть культурного наследия. Retrieved April 18, 2014.

Sources

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