List of World War I prisoner-of-war camps in Canada
Twenty-four known prisoner-of-war camps existed across Canada during World War I. The ethnic groups arrested and detained in internment camps were Austro-Hungarians (mostly Ukrainians) and Germans. Austro-Hungarian Prisoners were mainly residents of Canada from the Ukraine. Since Ukraine was then a province of the empire of Austria-Hungary, many still had Austro-Hungarian nationality and were considered to be resident enemy aliens. William Dostock, for example, who immigrated to Canada in 1910 from Austria-Hungary and was not yet naturalized was interned from 1915–1920 as an enemy alien.[1]
German prisoners were mainly residents of Canada from Germany. Germans formed a large proportion of the detainees since Canada served as a place of detention for German prisoners of war on behalf of the British.[1]
The prisoners were given various tasks; many worked in the forests as logging crews. In addition to the main camps there were branch camps and labour camps.
Camp | Location | Province | Type of Buildings | Period |
---|---|---|---|---|
Amherst Internment Camp | Amherst | Nova Scotia | Malleable Iron Foundry | April 1915 to September 1919 |
Beauport | Quebec | The Armoury | December 1914 to June 1916 | |
Castle Mountain Internment Camp | Banff & Castle Mountain | Alberta | Dominion Park | July 1915 to July 1917 |
Brandon | Manitoba | Exhibition Building | September 1914 to July 1916 | |
Edgewood | British Columbia | Bunk Houses | August 1915 to September 1916 | |
Fernie & Morrissey | British Columbia | Rented premises | June 1915 to October 1918 | |
Halifax | Nova Scotia | Halifax Citadel | September 1914 to October 1918 | |
Jasper | Alberta | Dominion Park | February 1916 to August 1916 | |
Kapuskasing, Ontario | Ontario | Bunk Houses | December 1914 to February 1920 | |
Kingston, Ontario | Ontario | Fort Henry | August 1914 to November 1917 | |
Lethbridge | Alberta | Exhibition Building | September 1914 to November 1916 | |
Monashee & Mara Lake | British Columbia | Tents and Bunkhouses | June 1915 to July 1917 | |
Montreal | Quebec | Immigration Hall | August 1914 to November 1918 | |
Eaton Internment Camp | Munson & Eaton | Alberta | Railway Cars | October 1918 to March 1919 |
Nanaimo | British Columbia | Provincial government building | September 1914 to September 1915 | |
Niagara Falls | Ontario | The Armoury | December 1914 to August 1918 | |
Petawawa | Ontario | Militia Camp | December 1914 to May 1916 | |
Revelstoke & Field & Otter | British Columbia | Bunk Houses | September 1915 to October 1916 | |
Sault-St-Marie | Ontario | The Armoury | January 1915 to January 1918 | |
Spirit Lake | Spirit Lake | Quebec | Bunk Houses | January 1915 to January 1917 |
Toronto | Ontario | Stanley Barracks | December 1914 to October 1916 | |
Winnipeg | Manitoba | Fort Osborne | September 1914 to July 1916 | |
Valcartier | Quebec | Militia Camp | April 1915 to October 1915 | |
Vernon | British Columbia | Provincial government building | September 1914 to February 1920 |
See also
Wikimedia Commons has media related to List of World War I prisoner-of-war camps in Canada. |
References
- 1 2 3 "Internment Camps in Canada during the First and Second World Wars". Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 5 September 2014.
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