Punjabi nationalism

Punjabi nationalism is a point of view that asserts that Punjabis are a nation and promotes the cultural unity of Punjabis[1] and the diverse ethnic people who inhabit the ethno-linguistic region of the Punjab.[2][3] Baba Sheikh Farid is considered as the Father of Punjabi nationalism.[4][5] Baba Bulleh Shah (wrote Kafis), Waris Shah (wrote Heer Ranjha) and Bhai Vir Singh (Modern Punjabi Literature) have immense contribution to Punjabi Boli.[6]

Punjabi nationalists movements

In 1947 after Partition of Punjab into Indian Punjab state and Pakistani Punjab province there were some several movements for protection of Punjabiyat in both Punjabs.

Punjabi nationalism in East Punjab

Punjabi Suba movement was aimed at creation of a Punjabi-majority subah ("province") in the Punjab region of India in the 1950s.[7] This movement resulted in Punjabi-majority state in India on 1967. There are still cold movements to end discrimination to Punjabi language implement it in Punjabi majority areas like Chandigarh,[8][9] Haryana,[10] Delhi,[11][12][13] Uttar Pradesh,[14] Jammu and Kashmir[15] and many institutes like schools-colleges in Punjab state itself where Punjabi language is ignored.[16][17][18] Punjabi language dialects like Bauria, Bazigari, Bhand, Dhaha, Gojri, Lahanda, Lubana, Odi, Rai Sikhi and Sansi are also becoming extinct in Punjab, India.[19] There is Hindi imposition since 1950s and 1960s in state against Punjabi language.[20][21] Despite a rich heritage of Punjabi literature, Punjabi Television serial industry in Indian Punjab has totally disappeared.[22] In 2008 by a landmark decision, the Punjab government and Punjab Legislative Assembly legislated the Punjab Languages (Amendment) Act, 2008 to make the study of Punjabi compulsory up to class tenth in Government and private schools applying equally to the schools affiliated to the Punjab School Education Board (PSEB), Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) and Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) throughout Punjab and all the official work in the government offices and semi-government institutions would be carried on in Punjabi. All official correspondence and the official work in all Colleges and Universities in the state would also be carried in the Punjab Language.[23][24][25]

Punjabi nationalism in West Punjab

In Pakistani Punjab province, Punjabi Language Movement is a linguistic movement in aimed at reviving the Punjabi language, art, culture and literature in Pakistan. There are several attempts going on by Punjabi society for implementation of Punjabi language[26] as it is completely ignored by authorities in Punjab province.[27][28] Urdu is preferred medium of education in local schools-colleges[29][30] as well as Government paperwork which is very threatening for survival of Punjabi language in Punjab, Pakistan.[31][32] But Urdu is the mother tongue of only about 7.57% Pakistanis.[33] In September 2015, a case was filed in Supreme Court of Pakistan against Government of Punjab, Pakistan as it did not take any step to implement Punjabi language in the province.[34] Punjabi lovers also say that creation of Bangladesh out of Pakistan proves that love of Mother-tongue is more important than religion.[35] Pakistani Punjabi language film industry is in crisis as filmmakers were not producing Punjabi language films like before 1975 Punjabi films ruled in film industry of Pakistan.[36] Television Channels from Lahore (Punjab's capital city) are all in Urdu instead of Punjabi.[37] There is still 150-year-old unofficial ban on education in Punjabi language in Punjab, Pakistan and Government is ignorant about it thus compelling Punjabi people to protest.[38] In August 2015, Pakistan Academy of Letters, International Writer’s Council (IWC) and World Punjabi Congress (WPC) organised Khawaja Farid conference and demanded Punjabi University should be established in Lahore and Punjabi language should be declared as the medium of instruction at the primary level.[39] In Lahore, every year thousands of punjabis gather on International Mother Language Day seeking an end to the 150-year-old ban on education in Punjabi in Pakistan and against Urdu-isation of Punjab.[40] In September 2015 at Government Emerson College, Multan thousands of aspirants seeking admission protested against the administration for forcing them not to adopt Punjabi and Saraiki dialect as compulsory or optional subjects as usually majority of students prefer Punjabi and Saraiki dialect balancing their marks sheet in BA (third year).[41]

References

  1. ↑ Paracha, Nadeem F. (31 May 2015). "Smokers' Corner: The other Punjab". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  2. ↑ "Pakistani scholars come to grips with another ethnic ideology: Punjabi nationalism".
  3. ↑ nationalism, A case of Punjabi (5 July 2015). "The News on Sunday". TNS - The News on Sunday. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  4. ↑ Singh, Khushwant (24 January 2004). "Father of Punjabi". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  5. ↑ "The idea of Punjabiyat". Free Punjabi Music, Free Music,Best Web Site for Music. 25 December 2009. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  6. ↑ "Bhai Vir Singh Sahitya Sadan". Bhai Vir Singh Sahitya Sadan. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  7. ↑ Pandher, Sarabjit (3 September 2013). "Freedom struggle". The Hindu. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  8. ↑ Cities (14 May 2015). "Over 80 per cent residents of Chandigarh speak Punjabi. But, while English is the official language, Punjabi is not even the second language.". The Indian Express. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  9. ↑ "Jain flays Centre for ignoring Punjabi language". The Tribune, Chandigarh, India. 14 December 2008. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  10. ↑ "SGPC claims Haryana govt ignoring Punjabi language". http://www.hindustantimes.com/. 30 July 2015. Retrieved 15 September 2015. External link in |website= (help)
  11. ↑ Aujla, Harjap Singh (15 June 2015). "Punjabi's of Delhi couldn't get justice for Punjabi language". Punjab News Express. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
  12. ↑ Singh, Sanjeev (13 July 2013). "Sikh bodies oppose DU's 'anti-Punjabi' move". Kirpan. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  13. ↑ Gupta, Sakshi (12 July 2013). "Is Delhi University's Modern Indian Languages policy discriminatory?". DU Beat. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  14. ↑ "'यूपी में पंजाबी भाषा पाठ्यक्रम शुरू करे सरकार'". Amarujala (in Hindi). 7 September 2015. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
  15. ↑ "Steps taken for promotion of Punjabi language: Priya Sethi". Scoop News Jammu Kashmir. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
  16. ↑ IP SinghIP Singh, TNN (22 February 2015). "English schools not teaching Punjabi will face action: Minister". The Times of India. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
  17. ↑ "Will penalize schools not teaching Punjabi: Punjab education min". daily.bhaskar.com. 6 November 2011. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  18. ↑ TNN (3 June 2014). "Why regional languages ignored, ask PU students". The Times of India. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  19. ↑ Sarika SharmaSarika Sharma, TNN (12 April 2015). "When a language's mother dies". The Times of India. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  20. ↑ "No Punjabi versus Hindi divide now".
  21. ↑ Lyons, Kristen; Westoby, Peter; Conversation, The (17 September 2015). "How climate change efforts by developed countries are hurting Africa's rural poor". Scroll.in. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
  22. ↑ Singh, Jasmine (15 September 2015). "Serial killer". http://www.tribuneindia.com/news/spectrum/serial-killer/130865.html. Retrieved 15 September 2015. External link in |website= (help)
  23. ↑ "Punjab to have Punjabi as official language".
  24. ↑ "Punjabi will be official language in offices in Punjab".
  25. ↑ "Punjab government calls for strict implementation of 2008 Languages Act".
  26. ↑ "Case on promotion of Punjabi language referred to CJP".
  27. ↑ Hassan, Shiraz (12 February 2014). "Am I a 'ganwaar' if I speak in Punjabi?". The Express Tribune Blog. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  28. ↑ Chaudhry, Affan (16 March 2012). "I speak Punjabi (but my kids might not)". The Express Tribune Blog. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  29. ↑ Ali, Fawad (26 May 2014). "Ki kehnda?: Most widely-spoken mother tongue ignored in local schools". The Express Tribune. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  30. ↑ Ahmed, Shoaib (22 February 2015). "'Struggle for Punjabi has gone a step ahead'". DAWN.COM. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  31. ↑ Neel KamalNeel Kamal, TNN (14 September 2015). "Aficionados of the language say that after Partition, policy-makers declared Urdu the national language of Pakistan at the expense of others.". The Times of India. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  32. ↑ Hussain, Kashif (15 September 2015). "International Mother Language Day observed : Opp leader vows to". DailyTimes. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  33. ↑ "Supreme Court's Urdu verdict: No language can be imposed from above". The Nation. 15 September 2015. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  34. ↑ "Two-member SC bench refers Punjabi language case to CJP". Business Recorder. 14 September 2015. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  35. ↑ "Mother tongue is as important as our mother". Punjab News Express. 2 September 2015. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  36. ↑ Warraich, Faizan; Ali, Haider (15 September 2015). "Intelligentsia urges govt to promote Punjabi language". DailyTimes. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  37. ↑ Masood, Tariq (21 February 2015). "The colonisation of language". The Express Tribune. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
  38. ↑ "Rally for ending 150-year-old 'ban on education in Punjabi". The Nation. 21 February 2011. Retrieved 15 September 2015.
  39. ↑ "'Sufi poets can guarantee unity'".
  40. ↑ Altaf, Arsalan (4 May 2015). "Urdu-isation of Punjab". The Express Tribune. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
  41. ↑ "MULTAN City News". The News International, Pakistan. 19 September 2015. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
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